# 119-hr-3773: PROTECT Act of 2025

119-hr-3773, PROTECT Act of 2025, is a 119th Congress bill sponsored by Rep. Larsen, Rick [D-WA-2] (D-WA); status introduced (as of 2026-09-02).

- Canonical: https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-3773
- As of: 2026-09-02
- Plain-text twin of the page above; the HTML and this file carry the same facts.

## Facts
- Bill: 119-hr-3773
- Congress: 119
- Title: PROTECT Act of 2025
- Status: introduced
- Introduced: 2025-06-05
- Sponsor: Rep. Larsen, Rick [D-WA-2] (D-WA)
- Cosponsors: 19
- Policy area: Native Americans
- Touches household money: no
- Last recorded action: 2026-09-02

## Summary

**Expands Tribal court authority over electronic data and strengthens Tribal criminal jurisdiction for drug and firearm offenses.** This bill would add Tribal courts to the Stored Communications Act so they could seek warrants for electronic communications. It would broaden the Indian Civil Rights Act to cover controlled substance related offenses and certain firearms offenses. It would also let more tribal convictions participate in the Bureau of Prisons Tribal Prisoner Program. - Tribal courts and Tribes: Would treat Tribal courts as governmental entities with warrant power under the Stored Communications Act. They could issue warrants for electronic content stored up to 180 days and follow ordinary warrant rules for older data. The bill also inserts Tribal status in delayed notice actions and related civil procedures. - Tribal public safety and justice personnel: Would add assault of Tribal justice personnel, controlled substance related offenses, and firearms offenses to the list of enumerated offenses under 25 U.S.C. 1304. Definitions in the bill cover trafficking, unlawful possession, paraphernalia, and use or possession of a firearm in furtherance of a crime. - People convicted and prison programs: Would expand the Bureau of Prisons Tribal Prisoner Program to include offenders convicted under tribal criminal jurisdiction authorized by the Indian Civil Rights Act. This broadens eligibility for tribal prisoner programming.

## Cosponsors (19)

- Rep. Zinke, Ryan K. [R-MT-1] (R-MT), 2025-06-05T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Perez, Marie Gluesenkamp [D-WA-3] (D-WA), 2025-06-05T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Newhouse, Dan [R-WA-4] (R-WA), 2025-06-05T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Cole, Tom [R-OK-4] (R-OK), 2025-06-05T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Hurd, Jeff [R-CO-3] (R-CO), 2025-06-05T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Simpson, Michael K. [R-ID-2] (R-ID), 2025-06-05T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Fitzpatrick, Brian K. [R-PA-1] (R-PA), 2025-06-10T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. DelBene, Suzan K. [D-WA-1] (D-WA), 2025-07-02T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Baumgartner, Michael [R-WA-5] (R-WA), 2025-07-02T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Smith, Adam [D-WA-9] (D-WA), 2025-07-10T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Davids, Sharice [D-KS-3] (D-KS), 2025-07-15T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Issa, Darrell [R-CA-48] (R-CA), 2025-08-05T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. LaMalfa, Doug [R-CA-1] (R-CA), 2025-09-15T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Ellzey, Jake [R-TX-6] (R-TX), 2025-09-18T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Calvert, Ken [R-CA-41] (R-CA), 2025-10-24T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Neguse, Joe [D-CO-2] (D-CO), 2026-01-13T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Randall, Emily [D-WA-6] (D-WA), 2026-02-11T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Thanedar, Shri [D-MI-13] (D-MI), 2026-07-22T00:00:00.000Z
- Rep. Kiley, Kevin [I-CA-3] (I-CA), 2026-08-31T00:00:00.000Z

## Provisions PRIA read

- More tribal authority over drug and gun crimes: benefit, low. If enacted, tribes would have clearer power to charge drug trafficking, drug possession, and paraphernalia crimes in Indian country. It would also add firearms offenses, like using or having a gun during a covered crime, or by someone with a prior domestic-violence conviction. Assaults on tribal ju…
- Tribal courts could issue digital data warrants: benefit, low. The bill would treat tribal governments like other governments under the Stored Communications Act. Tribal courts could issue warrants for emails and messages stored 180 days or less, using standard SCA warrant rules. Tribal authorities could also use delayed notice where allowed and rely on SCA ci…

## Related bills

- 119-hr-8800: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2027
- 119-hr-7148: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026
- 119-hr-842: Nancy Gardner Sewell Medicare Multi-Cancer Early Detection Screening Coverage Act
- 119-hr-9877: Health Equity and Accountability Act of 2026
- 119-hr-1422: Enhanced Iran Sanctions Act of 2025
- 119-hr-3514: Improving Seniors’ Timely Access to Care Act of 2025

## Sources
- [119-hr-3773 on Congress.gov](https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/3773)

## Related
- [119-hr-8800: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2027](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-8800)
- [119-hr-7148: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-7148)
- [119-hr-842: Nancy Gardner Sewell Medicare Multi-Cancer Early Detection Screening Coverage A…](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-842)
- [119-hr-9877: Health Equity and Accountability Act of 2026](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-9877)
- [119-hr-1422: Enhanced Iran Sanctions Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-1422)
- [119-hr-3514: Improving Seniors’ Timely Access to Care Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-3514)
- [All bills in Congress](https://policyrisk.com/legislation)

Source: PRIA, https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-3773 (as of 2026-09-02).