# 119-hr-4124: Restoring Judicial Separation of Powers Act

119-hr-4124, Restoring Judicial Separation of Powers Act, is a 119th Congress bill sponsored by Rep. Casten, Sean [D-IL-6] (D-IL); status introduced (as of 2026-05-10).

- Canonical: https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-4124
- As of: 2026-05-10
- Plain-text twin of the page above; the HTML and this file carry the same facts.

## Facts
- Bill: 119-hr-4124
- Congress: 119
- Title: Restoring Judicial Separation of Powers Act
- Status: introduced
- Introduced: 2025-06-25
- Sponsor: Rep. Casten, Sean [D-IL-6] (D-IL)
- Cosponsors: 0
- Policy area: Law
- Touches household money: no
- Last recorded action: 2026-05-10

## Summary

**Centralize federal appellate review in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.** The bill would route key federal and constitutional disputes to that court and create a 13-judge multi-circuit panel to handle major questions of law and executive action. - Federal agencies and the executive branch would face a single hub for important challenges. Cases involving the United States or an agency, and questions about federal law or executive orders, would be routed to the DC Circuit or the new 13-judge panel drawn from across circuits. The panel would have 13 judges and would require at least a 70 percent supermajority to hold a federal law unconstitutional or invalid. - Plaintiffs and district courts would see limits on nationwide injunctions. When a lawsuit seeks injunctive relief that restrains enforcement of a federal statute, regulation, or order against a nonparty, the case must be moved to the DC Circuit if a motion is filed within 30 days, and similar cases can be consolidated. - Appellate dockets would be more constrained and more transparent. The bill extends time-for-appeal rules to the DC Circuit and the multi-circuit panel and requires a written, published explanation whenever those courts reverse an appeals court decision to curb quick “shadow docket” reversals.

## Provisions PRIA read

- Courts must explain appeal reversals: benefit, low. If enacted, a court could not reverse a lower court on appeal without a written explanation. The Supreme Court, the D.C. Circuit, and the new panel would have to post the explanation on their websites. This would take effect on the date of enactment.
- Nationwide injunction requests move to D.C.: mixed, high. If enacted, cases that ask to block a federal law, rule, or order for people not in the case could be moved to the D.C. Circuit. A party would need to ask within 30 days of the first filing that seeks that relief. The D.C. Circuit could combine similar cases into one. This would take effect on the…
- New D.C. appeals path and 13-judge panel: mixed, high. If enacted, many appeals would go to the D.C. Circuit instead of other courts starting in October of the year after enactment. The D.C. Circuit would be able to grant certiorari and answer certified legal questions from other courts. A 13-judge panel, drawn randomly from every regional circuit plus…

## Related bills

- 119-hr-7977: Energy Bills Relief Act
- 119-hr-7973: Momnibus Act
- 119-hr-3971: Domestic Workers Bill of Rights Act
- 119-hr-2725: Affordable Housing Credit Improvement Act of 2025
- 119-hr-7853: PrEP Access and Coverage Act of 2026
- 119-hres-1058: Recognizing that it is the duty of the Federal Government to develop and implement a Transgender Bill of Rights to protect and codify the rights of transgender…

## Sources
- [119-hr-4124 on Congress.gov](https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/4124)

## Related
- [119-hr-7977: Energy Bills Relief Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-7977)
- [119-hr-7973: Momnibus Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-7973)
- [119-hr-3971: Domestic Workers Bill of Rights Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-3971)
- [119-hr-2725: Affordable Housing Credit Improvement Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-2725)
- [119-hr-7853: PrEP Access and Coverage Act of 2026](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-7853)
- [119-hres-1058: Recognizing that it is the duty of the Federal Government to develop and implem…](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hres-1058)
- [All bills in Congress](https://policyrisk.com/legislation)

Source: PRIA, https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-4124 (as of 2026-05-10).