# 119-hr-5737: ROOT Act

119-hr-5737, ROOT Act, is a 119th Congress bill sponsored by Rep. Harshbarger, Diana [R-TN-1] (R-TN); status introduced; PRIA reads it as touching household money (as of 2026-08-27).

- Canonical: https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-5737
- As of: 2026-08-27
- Plain-text twin of the page above; the HTML and this file carry the same facts.

## Facts
- Bill: 119-hr-5737
- Congress: 119
- Title: ROOT Act
- Status: introduced
- Introduced: 2025-10-10
- Sponsor: Rep. Harshbarger, Diana [R-TN-1] (R-TN)
- Cosponsors: 1
- Policy area: Health
- Touches household money: yes
- Last recorded action: 2026-08-27

## Summary

**Shifts Medicare imaging reporting from clinicians to qualified clinical decision support mechanisms (QCDSMs).** The ROOT Act would create a new data-reporting framework, set a January 1, 2026 start for QCDSM submissions, and add targeted exemptions and a revamped compliance system. - QCDSMs and vendors: Would be required to transmit expanded appropriate use criteria (AUC) data and other Secretary-specified information to HHS in the form and manner the Secretary sets starting January 1, 2026. - Ordering clinicians and small or rural practices: Would see reporting responsibility moved away from the furnishing professional. The bill would require the ordering professional's national provider identifier (NPI) on claims when paid under applicable systems and would exempt small practices (15 or fewer ordering professionals) and practices in rural health professional shortage areas. It also exempts specified screening imaging such as mammography and lung cancer CT. - Medicare oversight and payment rules: Would relabel the compliance framework as "low compliant," define compliance rates, allow the Secretary to consider payment adjustments or prior authorization for low compliant professionals, and require a study and report to Congress by January 1, 2031 and every five years on compliance and imaging use.

## Cosponsors (1)

- Rep. Moore, Blake D. [R-UT-1] (R-UT), 2025-10-10T00:00:00.000Z

## Provisions PRIA read

- Exemptions for small, rural, and screening imaging: benefit, low. Starting January 1, 2026, some imaging orders would not require a decision-tool check. Clinical trial orders would be exempt. Clinicians in small practices (15 or fewer ordering professionals) or in rural health professional shortage areas would be exempt. Screening tests like mammograms, lung CT s…
- Compliance scores for imaging ordering clinicians: cost, medium. Beginning January 1, 2026, HHS would calculate a yearly compliance rate for each clinician who orders imaging. The rate would track how often an approved decision tool was used. Clinicians below an HHS-set threshold would be labeled “low compliant.” Orders in clinical trials, from small or rural sh…
- New reporting and billing rules for imaging: mixed, medium. Starting January 1, 2026, the software tool used to check imaging orders would have to keep and send data to HHS in the way HHS sets. This would replace the old rule that tied payment to putting detailed decision-tool data on the claim. Providers would still need to list the ordering clinician’s NP…

## Related bills

- 119-hr-3151: SHIPS for America Act of 2025
- 119-hr-1262: Mikaela Naylon Give Kids a Chance Act
- 119-hr-21: Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act
- 119-hr-1623: SCREEN Act
- 119-hr-1181: Protecting Privacy in Purchases Act
- 119-hr-987: Fair Access to Banking Act

## Sources
- [119-hr-5737 on Congress.gov](https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/5737)

## Related
- [119-hr-3151: SHIPS for America Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-3151)
- [119-hr-1262: Mikaela Naylon Give Kids a Chance Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-1262)
- [119-hr-21: Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-21)
- [119-hr-1623: SCREEN Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-1623)
- [119-hr-1181: Protecting Privacy in Purchases Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-1181)
- [119-hr-987: Fair Access to Banking Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-987)
- [All bills in Congress](https://policyrisk.com/legislation)

Source: PRIA, https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-5737 (as of 2026-08-27).