# 119-hr-95: One Bill, One Subject Transparency Act

119-hr-95, One Bill, One Subject Transparency Act, is a 119th Congress bill sponsored by Rep. Biggs, Andy [R-AZ-5] (R-AZ); status introduced (as of 2025-12-21).

- Canonical: https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-95
- As of: 2025-12-21
- Plain-text twin of the page above; the HTML and this file carry the same facts.

## Facts
- Bill: 119-hr-95
- Congress: 119
- Title: One Bill, One Subject Transparency Act
- Status: introduced
- Introduced: 2025-01-03
- Sponsor: Rep. Biggs, Andy [R-AZ-5] (R-AZ)
- Cosponsors: 0
- Policy area: Congress
- Touches household money: no
- Last recorded action: 2025-12-21

## Summary

**This bill would create a _one-subject rule_ that requires every bill or joint resolution to address only one clearly described topic in its title.** It would void law provisions that introduce unrelated subjects and let aggrieved people seek court orders to stop enforcement of noncompliant laws. - Legislators and bill drafters would need to keep measures tightly focused or face voided provisions. This changes how multi-topic packages are drafted. - Appropriations process would be limited. Appropriations bills could not include general legislation or changes to law that are not germane to the bill's subject or outside the relevant subcommittee's jurisdiction, though they could still impose limits on spending. - Members of the public and Members of Congress would have a private right to sue the United States for laws enacted after this bill's enactment, and courts would review those suits from scratch.

## Provisions PRIA read

- Ban unrelated riders in spending bills: mixed, high. If enacted, appropriations Acts could not include general laws or changes to existing law that are not germane to the bill's subject. The bill would still allow limits on how appropriated funds are spent. Any provision in a spending Act outside the relevant Appropriations subcommittee’s jurisdictio…
- One-subject rule for federal bills: mixed, high. This bill would require every bill or joint resolution to have only one subject. The title would have to clearly describe that subject. If a title covered two or more unrelated subjects, the whole Act or joint resolution would be void. Any provision about a subject not described in the title would…
- Private right to sue over laws: mixed, medium. The bill would let any person, including Members of Congress, sue the United States over laws that violate the one-subject rule. Suits could seek injunctions to stop enforcement of laws. This cause of action would apply only to Acts signed into law on or after this bill is enacted. Courts would rev…

## Related bills

- 119-hr-25: FairTax Act of 2025
- 119-hr-9200: Secure the Border Act of 2026
- 119-hr-624: RIFLE Act of 2025
- 119-hr-8206: Homeland Security and Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2026
- 119-hr-6225: PAUSE Act of 2025
- 119-hr-1897: ESA Amendments Act of 2025

## Sources
- [119-hr-95 on Congress.gov](https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/95)

## Related
- [119-hr-25: FairTax Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-25)
- [119-hr-9200: Secure the Border Act of 2026](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-9200)
- [119-hr-624: RIFLE Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-624)
- [119-hr-8206: Homeland Security and Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2026](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-8206)
- [119-hr-6225: PAUSE Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-6225)
- [119-hr-1897: ESA Amendments Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-1897)
- [All bills in Congress](https://policyrisk.com/legislation)

Source: PRIA, https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-hr-95 (as of 2025-12-21).