# 119-s-2360: Judicial Reorganization Act of 2025

119-s-2360, Judicial Reorganization Act of 2025, is a 119th Congress bill sponsored by Sen. Crapo, Mike [R-ID] (R-ID); status introduced (as of 2026-08-11).

- Canonical: https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-2360
- As of: 2026-08-11
- Plain-text twin of the page above; the HTML and this file carry the same facts.

## Facts
- Bill: 119-s-2360
- Congress: 119
- Title: Judicial Reorganization Act of 2025
- Status: introduced
- Introduced: 2025-07-21
- Sponsor: Sen. Crapo, Mike [R-ID] (R-ID)
- Cosponsors: 1
- Policy area: Law
- Touches household money: no
- Last recorded action: 2026-08-11

## Summary

**Split the Ninth Circuit and create a new Twelfth Circuit.** This bill would redraw the federal appeals map, reassign judges by duty station, add judgeships, and set new court locations. - Redraws geography and court sites. The new Ninth would cover California, Guam, and Hawaii. The Twelfth would cover Alaska, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington, with Ninth sites in Honolulu, San Francisco, and Pasadena and Twelfth sites in Phoenix, Seattle, and Portland. - Changes judgeships and appointments. It would add two new circuit judgeships to the former Ninth Circuit, with appointments by the President and Senate confirmation, and set the new Ninth at 18 judges and the Twelfth at 13 judges. - Reassigns sitting and senior judges and orders case transfers. Judges of the former Ninth would be assigned based on their official duty stations. Senior judges could elect which circuit to join and keep their seniority date. Cases already submitted would proceed under the old court while unsubmitted matters would move to the court that would have heard them under the new map. The bill allows a two year administrative transition and most changes would take effect one year after enactment.

## Cosponsors (1)

- Sen. Risch, James E. [R-ID] (R-ID), 2025-07-21T00:00:00.000Z

## Provisions PRIA read

- Rules for pending Ninth cases: benefit, high. If enacted, appeals and proceedings already filed in the former Ninth Circuit would be handled to avoid disruption. Matters already submitted for decision would continue unchanged. Matters not yet submitted would transfer, with original papers, to the proper successor court and proceed there. Petit…
- Funding authorization for split: cost, high. If enacted, the bill would authorize Congress to appropriate whatever sums are necessary to carry out the court split. That explicitly includes funds for new or updated court facilities. The authorization takes effect one year after enactment. Actual spending would depend on later appropriations.
- New judges and judge reassignments: mixed, high. If enacted, the President would appoint two additional circuit judges for the former Ninth Circuit, one based in California/Guam/Hawaii and one in Alaska/Arizona/Idaho/Montana/Nevada/Oregon/Washington. Those two appointments would take effect on enactment. One year after enactment, active Ninth Cir…
- Split the Ninth and add Twelfth: mixed, high. If enacted, the bill would split the current Ninth Circuit and create a new Twelfth Circuit. The new Ninth would cover California, Guam, and Hawaii. The Twelfth would cover Alaska, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington. It would name three Ninth sites (Honolulu, San Francisco, Pas…
- Temporary Ninth Circuit authority: mixed, high. If enacted, the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit as staffed the day before the effective date could take administrative actions needed to carry out the split. That administrative authority would begin on the Act's effective date (one year after enactment). The Ninth Circuit would stop existin…

## Related bills

- 119-s-4952: Protecting American Taxpayers Act
- 119-s-1748: Kids Online Safety Act
- 119-s-1949: Combating Violent and Dangerous Crime Act
- 119-s-2010: TERMS Act
- 119-s-140: Wildfire Prevention Act of 2025
- 119-s-873: Fighter Force Preservation and Recapitalization Act of 2025

## Sources
- [119-s-2360 on Congress.gov](https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/2360)

## Related
- [119-s-4952: Protecting American Taxpayers Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-4952)
- [119-s-1748: Kids Online Safety Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-1748)
- [119-s-1949: Combating Violent and Dangerous Crime Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-1949)
- [119-s-2010: TERMS Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-2010)
- [119-s-140: Wildfire Prevention Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-140)
- [119-s-873: Fighter Force Preservation and Recapitalization Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-873)
- [All bills in Congress](https://policyrisk.com/legislation)

Source: PRIA, https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-2360 (as of 2026-08-11).