# 119-s-321: Decoupling America's Artificial Intelligence Capabilities from China Act of 2025

119-s-321, Decoupling America's Artificial Intelligence Capabilities from China Act of 2025, is a 119th Congress bill sponsored by Sen. Hawley, Josh [R-MO] (R-MO); status introduced; PRIA reads it as touching household money (as of 2026-08-11).

- Canonical: https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-321
- As of: 2026-08-11
- Plain-text twin of the page above; the HTML and this file carry the same facts.

## Facts
- Bill: 119-s-321
- Congress: 119
- Title: Decoupling America's Artificial Intelligence Capabilities from China Act of 2025
- Status: introduced
- Introduced: 2025-01-29
- Sponsor: Sen. Hawley, Josh [R-MO] (R-MO)
- Cosponsors: 0
- Policy area: Crime and Law Enforcement
- Touches household money: yes
- Last recorded action: 2026-08-11

## Summary

**This bill would aim to _decouple U.S. artificial intelligence capabilities from the People's Republic of China_.** It would do that by banning China-developed AI imports and exports, criminalizing certain AI research and data transfers tied to Chinese "entities of concern," and blocking U.S. ownership or financing of those China AI firms. - Researchers and academic institutions would be barred from knowingly conducting or collaborating on AI or generative AI research for, in, or with Chinese entities of concern, or from transferring related research information to them. - U.S. businesses and investors would face new trade and investment limits, including a ban on importing China-developed AI tech and on exporting or transferring such tech to China starting 180 days after enactment, and a prohibition on holding or financing targeted China AI firms beginning one year after enactment. - Violations would trigger civil and criminal penalties, including fines up to $100 million for entities and potential loss of federal benefits for 5 years, plus added immigration consequences for covered offenses.

## Provisions PRIA read

- Aggravated felony for China-linked AI research: cost, high. This bill would add offenses under new section 2742 (doing AI research for the People’s Republic of China) to the list of aggravated felonies. If enacted, noncitizens convicted of those offenses could face deportation and lose access to many forms of immigration relief.
- Ban on U.S. AI research tied to China: cost, high. This bill would bar United States persons from doing, helping, or transferring AI or generative AI research that benefits the PRC, entities of concern, or PRC nationals working for those entities. Violations could bring large criminal and civil fines, forfeiture of federal contracts or grants, and…
- Ban on financing certain Chinese AI firms: cost, medium. Starting one year after enactment, this bill would bar U.S. persons from knowingly holding or managing interests in, or lending to, Chinese entities of concern that do AI research, aid military-civil fusion, build surveillance systems, or are tied to human-rights abuses. The President could use eme…
- Ban on importing and exporting China-made AI: cost, medium. On and after 180 days after enactment, this bill would bar importing AI technology or intellectual property developed or produced in China. It would also bar exporting, reexporting, or transferring such AI technology or IP to or within China. Willful violations could bring criminal penalties; other…
- New definition of artificial intelligence: mixed, high. This bill would define 'artificial intelligence or generative artificial intelligence technology or intellectual property' as any technology or IP that could help create AI or generative AI capabilities. If enacted, that definition would decide which technologies, people, and transactions the bill'…

## Related bills

- 119-s-1748: Kids Online Safety Act
- 119-s-1792: AI Whistleblower Protection Act
- 119-s-1381: Protecting Employees and Retirees in Business Bankruptcies Act of 2025
- 119-s-292: Educational Choice for Children Act of 2025
- 119-s-243: Radiation Exposure Compensation Reauthorization Act
- 119-s-4509: PBM Act

## Sources
- [119-s-321 on Congress.gov](https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/321)

## Related
- [119-s-1748: Kids Online Safety Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-1748)
- [119-s-1792: AI Whistleblower Protection Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-1792)
- [119-s-1381: Protecting Employees and Retirees in Business Bankruptcies Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-1381)
- [119-s-292: Educational Choice for Children Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-292)
- [119-s-243: Radiation Exposure Compensation Reauthorization Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-243)
- [119-s-4509: PBM Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-4509)
- [All bills in Congress](https://policyrisk.com/legislation)

Source: PRIA, https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-321 (as of 2026-08-11).