# 119-s-33: SOPRA

119-s-33, SOPRA, is a 119th Congress bill sponsored by Sen. Schmitt, Eric [R-MO] (R-MO); status introduced (as of 2025-12-21).

- Canonical: https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-33
- As of: 2025-12-21
- Plain-text twin of the page above; the HTML and this file carry the same facts.

## Facts
- Bill: 119-s-33
- Congress: 119
- Title: SOPRA
- Status: introduced
- Introduced: 2025-01-08
- Sponsor: Sen. Schmitt, Eric [R-MO] (R-MO)
- Cosponsors: 8
- Policy area: Law
- Touches household money: no
- Last recorded action: 2025-12-21

## Summary

**De novo judicial review of agency legal interpretations** would be required. Courts would decide all legal questions in challenges to agency actions without deferring to agencies, and the rule would explicitly cover agency rules, interpretive rules, policy statements, and other guidance documents. - Courts would be required to decide all relevant questions of law de novo, including interpretation of constitutional and statutory provisions. - The bill would treat agency outputs the same way. Rules made by agencies, interpretative rules, general statements of policy, and all other guidance documents would fall under that de novo standard. - It would amend section 706 of Title 5 of the U.S. Code, restructure the subsections, and make the de novo mandate apply to any action for judicial review under any law. No law could exempt a civil action from this review unless it specifically references the act.

## Cosponsors (8)

- Sen. Cruz, Ted [R-TX] (R-TX), 2025-01-08T00:00:00.000Z
- Sen. Cramer, Kevin [R-ND] (R-ND), 2025-01-08T00:00:00.000Z
- Sen. Paul, Rand [R-KY] (R-KY), 2025-01-08T00:00:00.000Z
- Sen. Ernst, Joni [R-IA] (R-IA), 2025-01-08T00:00:00.000Z
- Sen. Budd, Ted [R-NC] (R-NC), 2025-01-08T00:00:00.000Z
- Sen. Blackburn, Marsha [R-TN] (R-TN), 2025-01-08T00:00:00.000Z
- Sen. Britt, Katie Boyd [R-AL] (R-AL), 2025-01-08T00:00:00.000Z
- Sen. Hagerty, Bill [R-TN] (R-TN), 2025-01-08T00:00:00.000Z

## Provisions PRIA read

- Judges review agency law from scratch: mixed, high. If enacted, courts would decide legal questions from federal agencies from scratch. Judges would review all relevant legal questions de novo. That covers constitutional and statutory issues, agency-made rules, interpretive rules, policy statements, and other guidance. The change would apply to any…

## Related bills

- 119-s-1071: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026
- 119-s-3752: SAVE America Act
- 119-s-6: Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act
- 119-s-9: Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025
- 119-s-128: SAVE Act
- 119-s-5: Laken Riley Act

## Sources
- [119-s-33 on Congress.gov](https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/33)

## Related
- [119-s-1071: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-1071)
- [119-s-3752: SAVE America Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-3752)
- [119-s-6: Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-6)
- [119-s-9: Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-9)
- [119-s-128: SAVE Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-128)
- [119-s-5: Laken Riley Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-5)
- [All bills in Congress](https://policyrisk.com/legislation)

Source: PRIA, https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-33 (as of 2025-12-21).