# 119-s-3574: Ending Chinese Lawfare Act

119-s-3574, Ending Chinese Lawfare Act, is a 119th Congress bill sponsored by Sen. Schmitt, Eric [R-MO] (R-MO); status introduced; PRIA reads it as touching household money (as of 2026-08-11).

- Canonical: https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-3574
- As of: 2026-08-11
- Plain-text twin of the page above; the HTML and this file carry the same facts.

## Facts
- Bill: 119-s-3574
- Congress: 119
- Title: Ending Chinese Lawfare Act
- Status: introduced
- Introduced: 2025-12-18
- Sponsor: Sen. Schmitt, Eric [R-MO] (R-MO)
- Cosponsors: 0
- Policy area: International Affairs
- Touches household money: yes
- Last recorded action: 2026-08-11

## Summary

**This bill would block recognition and enforcement of politically retaliatory court judgments issued by the People’s Republic of China.** It aims to protect Americans, U.S. businesses, and U.S. government actions from foreign judgments motivated by political retaliation or punishment for lawful conduct. - Individuals and U.S.-based businesses named in PRC proceedings would be able to sue in U.S. district court for declaratory or injunctive relief and can show injury by legal costs, reputational harm, chilling of speech, loss of property, or a substantial risk of enforcement. - U.S. courts would be barred from recognizing a PRC judgment when the proceeding was initiated, directed, controlled, or materially supported by the Chinese Communist Party or the PRC government and substantially motivated by retaliation. Courts would apply a totality-of-the-circumstances test that can include lack of judicial independence, plaintiff identity, public statements, claim nature, and due process problems. - A party that successfully opposes enforcement of a barred PRC judgment would be entitled to reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs, and expert expenses. - The Department of Justice could intervene as of right and its statement of interest would receive substantial weight. The bill also forbids recognition that would penalize or chill First Amendment speech or interfere with lawful U.S. sovereign actions.

## Provisions PRIA read

- Stop enforcement of political PRC judgments: benefit, low. If enacted, U.S. courts would be barred from recognizing or enforcing Chinese court judgments found to be politically retaliatory. A U.S. court would decide this when the Chinese Communist Party or the PRC government initiated, directed, controlled, or materially supported the proceeding and the pr…

## Related bills

- 119-s-4668: Protect College Sports Act of 2026
- 119-s-933: NASA Transition Authorization Act of 2025
- 119-s-4952: Protecting American Taxpayers Act
- 119-s-4378: Protecting American Taxpayers Act
- 119-s-3903: Railway Safety Act of 2026
- 119-s-5007: SEARCH Act of 2026

## Sources
- [119-s-3574 on Congress.gov](https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/3574)

## Related
- [119-s-4668: Protect College Sports Act of 2026](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-4668)
- [119-s-933: NASA Transition Authorization Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-933)
- [119-s-4952: Protecting American Taxpayers Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-4952)
- [119-s-4378: Protecting American Taxpayers Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-4378)
- [119-s-3903: Railway Safety Act of 2026](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-3903)
- [119-s-5007: SEARCH Act of 2026](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-5007)
- [All bills in Congress](https://policyrisk.com/legislation)

Source: PRIA, https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-3574 (as of 2026-08-11).