# 119-s-845: Farmland Security Act of 2025

119-s-845, Farmland Security Act of 2025, is a 119th Congress bill sponsored by Sen. Baldwin, Tammy [D-WI] (D-WI); status introduced; PRIA reads it as touching household money (as of 2025-12-21).

- Canonical: https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-845
- As of: 2025-12-21
- Plain-text twin of the page above; the HTML and this file carry the same facts.

## Facts
- Bill: 119-s-845
- Congress: 119
- Title: Farmland Security Act of 2025
- Status: introduced
- Introduced: 2025-03-04
- Sponsor: Sen. Baldwin, Tammy [D-WI] (D-WI)
- Cosponsors: 1
- Policy area: Agriculture and Food
- Touches household money: yes
- Last recorded action: 2025-12-21

## Summary

**Tougher enforcement of foreign investment rules in U.S. farmland.** This bill would boost penalties, require stronger USDA audits and training, mandate annual research and reporting on foreign land ownership, and authorize modest funding to support those activities. - Families and rural communities: Would direct USDA research and annual reports on how foreign purchases and leasing affect family farms, rural communities, and the domestic food supply. - Foreign investors and shell corporations: Would create a special penalty for foreign-owned shell corporations and allow USDA to assess a civil penalty equal to 100% of the fair-market value for such violations. A shell that fixes a defective filing within 60 days of USDA notice can avoid that penalty. - USDA oversight and funding: Would require annual audits of at least 10% of AFIDA reports and yearly training for state and county staff, and it would authorize $2.0 million per year for FY2025–2030 to carry out these duties. *Would authorize $2.0 million per year for FY2025–2030, increasing federal spending by about $12.0 million over that period.*

## Cosponsors (1)

- Sen. Grassley, Chuck [R-IA] (R-IA), 2025-03-04T00:00:00.000Z

## Provisions PRIA read

- Funding for farmland enforcement: benefit, low. If enacted, the bill would authorize $2.0 million to be appropriated to the Secretary for each fiscal year 2025 through 2030. The money would support enforcement, audits, training, and research under the bill. Actual spending would require later appropriations.
- Stronger audits, training, and reports: benefit, low. If enacted, the bill would require annual oversight and research on foreign farmland reporting. The Agriculture Department would audit at least 10% of AFIDA reports each year. It would provide yearly training for State and county staff to find farmland that should be reported but is not. The Secret…
- Higher penalties for foreign shell owners: cost, medium. If enacted, the bill would create a special civil penalty for foreign "shell corporations" that break farmland reporting rules. The penalty would equal 100% of the fair market value of the land interest on the date of assessment. A "shell corporation" would mean an entity with no or only nominal op…

## Related bills

- 119-s-524: Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2025
- 119-s-1541: SHIPS for America Act of 2025
- 119-s-5283: Momnibus Act
- 119-s-2355: Patients Deserve Price Tags Act
- 119-s-3597: National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2026
- 119-s-3990: PrEP Access and Coverage Act of 2026

## Sources
- [119-s-845 on Congress.gov](https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/845)

## Related
- [119-s-524: Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-524)
- [119-s-1541: SHIPS for America Act of 2025](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-1541)
- [119-s-5283: Momnibus Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-5283)
- [119-s-2355: Patients Deserve Price Tags Act](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-2355)
- [119-s-3597: National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2026](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-3597)
- [119-s-3990: PrEP Access and Coverage Act of 2026](https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-3990)
- [All bills in Congress](https://policyrisk.com/legislation)

Source: PRIA, https://policyrisk.com/legislation/119-s-845 (as of 2025-12-21).