# Texas SB 441: Relating to criminal and civil liability related to sexually explicit media and artificial intimate visual material; creating a criminal offense; increasing a criminal penalty. Texas SB 441, Relating to criminal and civil liability related to sexually explicit media and artificial intimate visual material; creating a criminal offense; increasing a criminal penalty., is a 89th Legislature Regular Session Senate bill sponsored by Juan "Chuy" Hinojosa (Democratic), Suleman Lalani; status signed, last action 2025-06-20 (Effective on 9/1/25) (as of 2026-10-19). - Canonical: https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/TX-SB441-89R - As of: 2026-10-19 - Plain-text twin of the page above; the HTML and this file carry the same facts. ## Facts - Bill: Texas SB 441 - State: Texas - Session: 89th Legislature Regular Session - Title: Relating to criminal and civil liability related to sexually explicit media and artificial intimate visual material; creating a criminal offense; increasing a criminal penalty. - Status: signed - Chamber: Senate - Introduced: 2024-11-21 - Last action: 2025-06-20, Effective on 9/1/25 - Sponsors: Juan "Chuy" Hinojosa (Democratic), Suleman Lalani - Cosponsors: 3 - Subjects: Artificial Intelligence, Business & Commerce--Trade Practices, Civil Remedies & Liabilities, Courts--General, Crimes--Against Persons--Sexual, Protection of Personal Information, COMPUTERS & SOFTWARE, INTERNET, STATUTES OF LIMITATIONS, SUPREME COURT - Touches household money: no - Roll calls: 12 (727 yes, 146 no in all) - Economic provisions PRIA read: 4 ## Summary No summary available. ## Bill overview: provisions PRIA read - Deepfake victims gain payment and privacy: benefit, medium. For claims arising beginning September 1, 2025, victims can seek damages for artificial intimate material made, requested, shared, or promoted without effective consent. The defendant must intend harm, the conduct must cause harm, and the material or related information must reveal the victim's ide… - Criminal penalties for intimate deepfake abuse: benefit, medium. For offenses committed beginning September 1, 2025, Texas criminalizes knowingly creating or electronically sharing covered intimate deepfakes without effective consent. Covered media falsely shows someone's intimate parts or sexual conduct; consent requires a knowing, voluntary, signed plain-langu… - Platforms must remove reported intimate deepfakes: benefit, medium. Beginning September 1, 2025, covered websites and apps must offer an easy removal-request system and clear, visible, plain-language instructions. After a depicted person's request, owners must remove the artificial intimate material within 72 hours and reasonably seek and remove known identical cop… - Limited defenses for deepfake service providers: mixed, low. Beginning September 1, 2025, labeling an intimate deepfake fake or unauthorized is not a defense to prosecution. Defenses cover lawful police work, reporting unlawful activity, and court proceedings where creation or sharing is legally permitted or required. Qualifying internet and network services… ## Sponsors and cosponsors - Sponsor: Juan "Chuy" Hinojosa (Democratic), Senate - Sponsor: Suleman Lalani, House - Cosponsor: Brandon Creighton (Republican), Senate - Cosponsor: Tan Parker (Republican), Senate - Cosponsor: Royce West (Democratic), Senate ## Roll call votes | Date | Chamber | Motion | Result | Yes | No | Other | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2025-05-31 | Senate | Record vote | pass | | | | | 2025-05-31 | House | Record vote | pass | 90 | 33 | | | 2025-05-31 | Senate | Record vote | pass | | | | | 2025-05-27 | House | Record vote | pass | 104 | 36 | | | 2025-05-27 | House | Record vote | pass | 96 | 41 | | | 2025-05-26 | House | Record vote | pass | 109 | 34 | | | 2025-05-26 | House | Record vote | pass | 137 | 2 | | | 2025-05-26 | House | Record vote | pass | 143 | 0 | | | 2025-03-18 | Senate | Record vote | pass | | | | | 2025-03-18 | Senate | Record vote | pass | 30 | 0 | | | | House | Committee vote: Judiciary & Civil Jurisprudence | pass | 11 | 0 | | | | Senate | Committee vote: Criminal Justice | pass | 7 | 0 | | ## Actions (91) - 2025-06-20: Effective on 9/1/25 (House) - 2025-06-20: Signed by the Governor (House) - 2025-06-03: Sent to the Governor (House) - 2025-06-02: Signed in the House (House) - 2025-06-02: Signed in the Senate (Senate) - 2025-06-02: Reported enrolled (Senate) - 2025-06-02: Senate adopts resolution for tech. correction (HCR 172) (Senate) - 2025-06-02: House adopts resolution for tech. correction (HCR 172) (House) - 2025-05-31: House adopts conf. comm. report-reported (Senate) - 2025-05-31: Senate adopts conf. comm. report-reported (House) - 2025-05-31: Statement(s) of vote recorded in Journal (House) - 2025-05-31: Record vote (RV#4122) (House) - 2025-05-31: House adopts conference committee report (House) - 2025-05-31: Record vote (Senate) - 2025-05-31: Senate adopts conference committee report (Senate) - 2025-05-31: Record vote (Senate) - 2025-05-31: Rules suspended (Senate) - 2025-05-30: Conf. Comm. Report distributed (House) - 2025-05-30: Conference committee report filed (Senate) - 2025-05-30: House appoints conferees-reported (Senate) - 2025-05-30: House grants request for conf comm-reported (Senate) - 2025-05-30: House appoints conferees (House) - 2025-05-30: House grants request for conference committee (House) - 2025-05-28: Senate appoints conferees-reported (House) - 2025-05-28: Senate requests conference committee-reported (House) - 2025-05-28: Senate refuses to concur-reported (House) - 2025-05-28: Senate appoints conferees (Senate) - 2025-05-28: Senate requests conference committee (Senate) - 2025-05-28: Senate refuses to concur (Senate) - 2025-05-28: Read (Senate) - 2025-05-28: House amendment(s) laid before the Senate (Senate) - 2025-05-27: House passage as amended reported (Senate) - 2025-05-27: Statement(s) of vote recorded in Journal (House) - 2025-05-27: Record vote (RV#3688) (House) - 2025-05-27: Passed as amended (House) - 2025-05-27: Statement(s) of vote recorded in Journal (House) - 2025-05-27: Record vote (RV#3687) (House) - 2025-05-27: Amended (1-Lalani) (House) - 2025-05-27: Laid out as postponed business (House) - 2025-05-27: Postponed (5/27/25 12:45 PM) (House) - 2025-05-27: Amendment(s) offered (1-Lalani) (House) - 2025-05-27: Read 3rd time (House) - 2025-05-26: Statement(s) of vote recorded in Journal (House) - 2025-05-26: Record vote (RV#3564) (House) - 2025-05-26: Passed to 3rd reading as amended (House) - 2025-05-26: Record vote (RV#3563) (House) - 2025-05-26: Amended (2-Lalani) (House) - 2025-05-26: Record vote (RV#3562) (House) - 2025-05-26: Amended (1-Lalani) (House) - 2025-05-26: Read 2nd time (House) - 2025-05-24: Placed on General State Calendar (House) - 2025-05-22: Considered in Calendars (House) - 2025-05-21: Committee report sent to Calendars (House) - 2025-05-20: Committee report distributed (House) - 2025-05-20: Comte report filed with Committee Coordinator (House) - 2025-05-14: Reported favorably as substituted (House) - 2025-05-14: Committee substitute considered in committee (House) - 2025-05-14: Considered in public hearing (House) - 2025-04-30: Left pending in committee (House) - 2025-04-30: Testimony taken/registration(s) recorded in committee (House) - 2025-04-30: Considered in public hearing (House) - 2025-04-30: Scheduled for public hearing on . . . (House) - 2025-04-22: Referred to Judiciary & Civil Jurisprudence (House) - 2025-04-22: Read first time (House) - 2025-03-19: Received from the Senate (House) - 2025-03-18: Reported engrossed (Senate) - 2025-03-18: Record vote (Senate) - 2025-03-18: Passed (Senate) - 2025-03-18: Read 3rd time (Senate) - 2025-03-18: Record vote (Senate) - 2025-03-18: Three day rule suspended (Senate) - 2025-03-18: Vote recorded in Journal (Senate) - 2025-03-18: Passed to engrossment as amended (Senate) - 2025-03-18: Vote recorded in Journal (Senate) - 2025-03-18: Amended (Senate) - 2025-03-18: Amendment(s) offered (FA1 J. Hinojosa) (Senate) - 2025-03-18: Read 2nd time (Senate) - 2025-03-18: Rules suspended-Regular order of business (Senate) - 2025-03-18: Co-author authorized (Senate) - 2025-03-12: Co-author authorized (Senate) - 2025-03-11: Placed on intent calendar (Senate) - 2025-03-06: Committee report printed and distributed (Senate) - 2025-03-06: Reported favorably w/o amendments (Senate) - 2025-03-04: Vote taken in committee (Senate) - 2025-03-04: Testimony taken in committee (Senate) - 2025-03-04: Considered in public hearing (Senate) - 2025-03-04: Scheduled for public hearing on . . . (Senate) - 2025-02-03: Referred to Criminal Justice (Senate) - 2025-02-03: Read first time (Senate) - 2024-11-21: Filed (Senate) - 2024-11-21: Received by the Secretary of the Senate (Senate) ## Bill text - Engrossed: [HTML](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/html/SB00441E.HTM), [PDF](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/pdf/SB00441E.PDF) - Enrolled: [HTML](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/html/SB00441F.HTM), [PDF](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/pdf/SB00441F.PDF) - House Committee Report: [HTML](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/html/SB00441H.HTM), [PDF](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/pdf/SB00441H.PDF) - Introduced: [HTML](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/html/SB00441I.HTM), [PDF](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/pdf/SB00441I.PDF) - Senate Committee Report: [HTML](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/html/SB00441S.HTM), [PDF](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/pdf/SB00441S.PDF) ## Related bills - SB 2111: Relating to legal representation of indigent persons in this state and to proceedings before a magistrate including the appointment of counsel for an indigent… (vetoed) - SB 1838: Relating to the appointment of attorneys ad litem and the compensation of certain attorneys ad litem in suits affecting the parent-child relationship filed by… (vetoed) - SB 3: Relating to the regulation of products derived from hemp, including consumable hemp products and the hemp-derived cannabinoids contained in those products; req… (vetoed) - SB 2878: Relating to the operation and administration of and practices and procedures related to proceedings in the judicial branch of state government, including court… (vetoed) - SB 646: Relating to repayment of certain mental health professional education loans. (signed) - HB 4325: Relating to civil liability for prohibited barratry. (became law) ## Sources - [Engrossed (HTML)](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/html/SB00441E.HTM) - [Engrossed (PDF)](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/pdf/SB00441E.PDF) - [Enrolled (HTML)](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/html/SB00441F.HTM) - [Enrolled (PDF)](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/pdf/SB00441F.PDF) - [House Committee Report (HTML)](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/html/SB00441H.HTM) - [House Committee Report (PDF)](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/pdf/SB00441H.PDF) - [Introduced (HTML)](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/html/SB00441I.HTM) - [Introduced (PDF)](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/pdf/SB00441I.PDF) - [Senate Committee Report (HTML)](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/html/SB00441S.HTM) - [Senate Committee Report (PDF)](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/pdf/SB00441S.PDF) ## Related - [SB 2111: Relating to legal representation of indigent persons in this state and to proce…](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/TX-SB2111-89R) - [SB 1838: Relating to the appointment of attorneys ad litem and the compensation of certa…](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/TX-SB1838-89R) - [SB 3: Relating to the regulation of products derived from hemp, including consumable…](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/TX-SB3-89R) - [SB 2878: Relating to the operation and administration of and practices and procedures re…](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/TX-SB2878-89R) - [SB 646: Relating to repayment of certain mental health professional education loans.](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/TX-SB646-89R) - [HB 4325: Relating to civil liability for prohibited barratry.](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/TX-HB4325-89R) - [Texas bills](https://policyrisk.com/states/texas/bills) - [Texas state hub](https://policyrisk.com/states/texas) - [All state legislation](https://policyrisk.com/state-bills) Source: PRIA, https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/TX-SB441-89R (as of 2026-10-19).