# Virginia HB2094: High-risk artificial intelligence; definitions, development, deployment, and use, civil penalties. Virginia HB2094, High-risk artificial intelligence; definitions, development, deployment, and use, civil penalties., is a 2025 Regular Session House bill sponsored by Michelle Lopes Maldonado (Democratic); status to governor, last action 2025-04-02 (House sustained Governor's veto) (as of 2026-10-17). - Canonical: https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-HB2094-2025 - As of: 2026-10-17 - Plain-text twin of the page above; the HTML and this file carry the same facts. ## Facts - Bill: Virginia HB2094 - State: Virginia - Session: 2025 Regular Session - Title: High-risk artificial intelligence; definitions, development, deployment, and use, civil penalties. - Status: to governor - Chamber: House - Introduced: 2025-01-07 - Last action: 2025-04-02, House sustained Governor's veto - Sponsor: Michelle Lopes Maldonado (Democratic) - Cosponsors: 0 - Touches household money: no - Roll calls: 9 (211 yes, 143 no in all) - Economic provisions PRIA read: 0 ## Summary High-risk artificial intelligence; development, deployment, and use; civil penalties. Creates requirements for the development, deployment, and use of high-risk artificial intelligence systems, defined in the bill, and civil penalties for noncompliance, to be enforced by the Attorney General. The bill has a delayed effective date of July 1, 2026. ## Bill overview No economic impacts identified for this bill. ## Sponsors and cosponsors - Sponsor: Michelle Lopes Maldonado (Democratic), House ## Roll call votes | Date | Chamber | Motion | Result | Yes | No | Other | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2025-02-20 | House | Senate substitute agreed to by House | pass | 52 | 46 | | | 2025-02-19 | Senate | Passed Senate with substitute | pass | 21 | 19 | | | 2025-02-17 | Senate | Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 2nd reading) | pass | 39 | 0 | | | 2025-02-14 | Senate | Reported from Finance and Appropriations | pass | 9 | 4 | | | 2025-02-12 | Senate | Reported from General Laws and Technology with substitute and rereferred to Finance and Appropriations | pass | 9 | 3 | 3 | | 2025-02-04 | House | Read third time and passed House | pass | 51 | 47 | | | 2025-01-31 | House | Reported from Appropriations with substitute | pass | 12 | 10 | | | 2025-01-27 | House | Reported from Communications, Technology and Innovation with substitute and referred to Appropriations | pass | 12 | 10 | | | 2025-01-27 | House | Subcommittee recommends reporting with substitute and referring to Appropriations | pass | 6 | 4 | 1 | ## Actions (46) - 2025-04-02: House sustained Governor's veto (House) - 2025-03-24: Vetoed by Governor (Governor) - 2025-03-11: Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., March 24, 2025 (Governor) - 2025-03-11: Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 11, 2025 (House) - 2025-03-10: Signed by President (Senate) - 2025-03-07: Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB2094) (House) - 2025-03-07: Bill text as passed House and Senate (HB2094ER) (House) - 2025-03-07: Enrolled (House) - 2025-03-07: Signed by Speaker (House) - 2025-02-20: Senate substitute agreed to by House (52-Y 46-N) (House) - 2025-02-19: Passed Senate with substitute (21-Y 19-N) (Senate) - 2025-02-19: Engrossed by Senate - committee substitute (Senate) - 2025-02-19: General Laws and Technology Substitute agreed to (Senate) - 2025-02-19: Read third time (Senate) - 2025-02-19: Reading of substitute waived (Senate) - 2025-02-18: Passed by for the day (Senate) - 2025-02-17: Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB2094) (House) - 2025-02-17: Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 2nd reading) (39-Y 0-N) (Senate) - 2025-02-17: Passed by for the day (Senate) - 2025-02-17: Rules suspended (Senate) - 2025-02-14: Reported from Finance and Appropriations (9-Y 4-N) (Senate) - 2025-02-12: Reported from General Laws and Technology with substitute and rereferred to Finance and Appropriations (9-Y 3-N 3-A) (Senate) - 2025-02-12: Committee substitute printed 25107123D-S1 (Senate) - 2025-02-06: Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB2094) (House) - 2025-02-05: Referred to Committee on General Laws and Technology (Senate) - 2025-02-05: Constitutional reading dispensed (on 1st reading) (Senate) - 2025-02-04: Read third time and passed House (51-Y 47-N) (House) - 2025-02-03: Printed as engrossed 25106626D-EH2 (House) - 2025-02-03: Engrossed by House - committee substitute as amended (House) - 2025-02-03: Delegate Maldonado Amendments agreed to (House) - 2025-02-03: Appropriations Substitute agreed to (House) - 2025-02-03: Communications, Technology and Innovation Substitute rejected (House) - 2025-02-03: Read second time (House) - 2025-02-03: Passed by temporarily (House) - 2025-02-03: Read second time (House) - 2025-02-02: Read first time (House) - 2025-01-31: Committee substitute printed 25106626D-H2 (House) - 2025-01-31: Reported from Appropriations with substitute (12-Y 10-N) (House) - 2025-01-27: Committee substitute printed 25105027D-H1 (House) - 2025-01-27: Reported from Communications, Technology and Innovation with substitute and referred to Appropriations (12-Y 10-N) (House) - 2025-01-27: Subcommittee recommends reporting with substitute and referring to Appropriations (6-Y 4-N) (House) - 2025-01-27: Assigned Approps sub: General Government and Capital Outlay (House) - 2025-01-23: Assigned CT & I sub: Communications (House) - 2025-01-22: Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB2094) (House) - 2025-01-07: Referred to Committee on Communications, Technology and Innovation (House) - 2025-01-07: Prefiled and ordered printed; Offered 01-13-2025 25104439D (House) ## Bill text - Veto Explanation, 2025-03-24: [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1073258.HTML) - Enrolled, 2025-03-07: [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1066934.HTML), [PDF](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1066933.PDF) - Substitute, 2025-02-13: [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1049962.HTML), [PDF](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1049961.PDF) - Substitute, 2025-02-12: [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1049387.HTML), [PDF](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1049386.PDF) - Amendment, 2025-02-03: [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1038641.HTML), [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1038644.HTML) - Engrossed, 2025-02-03: [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1038813.HTML), [PDF](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1038812.PDF) - Substitute, 2025-01-31: [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1037813.HTML), [PDF](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1037812.PDF) - Substitute, 2025-01-27: [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1029822.HTML), [PDF](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1029821.PDF) - Introduced, 2025-01-07: [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1015123.HTML), [PDF](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1015122.PDF) ## Related bills - HR671: Commending JR's Auto Care. (adopted) - SB941: Robbery; use of air or gas operated weapon, etc., penalty. (failed) - HB1746: Public safety officer; definition. (failed) - HB1600: Budget Bill. (failed) - SB1449: Data centers; site assessment for high energy use facility. (failed) - HB1609: Essential health benefits benchmark plan; Commission to consider coverage for infertility treatment. (to governor) ## Sources - [Veto Explanation (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1073258.HTML) - [Enrolled (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1066934.HTML) - [Enrolled (PDF)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1066933.PDF) - [Substitute (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1049962.HTML) - [Substitute (PDF)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1049961.PDF) - [Substitute (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1049387.HTML) - [Substitute (PDF)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1049386.PDF) - [Amendment (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1038641.HTML) - [Amendment (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1038644.HTML) - [Engrossed (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1038813.HTML) - [Engrossed (PDF)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1038812.PDF) - [Substitute (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1037813.HTML) - [Substitute (PDF)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1037812.PDF) - [Substitute (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1029822.HTML) - [Substitute (PDF)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1029821.PDF) - [Introduced (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1015123.HTML) - [Introduced (PDF)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1015122.PDF) ## Related - [HR671: Commending JR's Auto Care.](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-HR671-2025) - [SB941: Robbery; use of air or gas operated weapon, etc., penalty.](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-SB941-2025) - [HB1746: Public safety officer; definition.](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-HB1746-2025) - [HB1600: Budget Bill.](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-HB1600-2025) - [SB1449: Data centers; site assessment for high energy use facility.](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-SB1449-2025) - [HB1609: Essential health benefits benchmark plan; Commission to consider coverage for i…](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-HB1609-2025) - [Virginia bills](https://policyrisk.com/states/virginia/bills) - [Virginia state hub](https://policyrisk.com/states/virginia) - [All state legislation](https://policyrisk.com/state-bills) Source: PRIA, https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-HB2094-2025 (as of 2026-10-17).