# Virginia SB323: Plastic firearms or receivers, etc., transfer, etc., prohibited; penalties. Virginia SB323, Plastic firearms or receivers, etc., transfer, etc., prohibited; penalties., is a 2026 Regular Session Senate bill sponsored by Adam P. Ebbin (Democratic); status signed, last action 2026-04-10 (Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0532)); PRIA reads it as touching household money (as of 2026-10-12). - Canonical: https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-SB323-2026 - As of: 2026-10-12 - Plain-text twin of the page above; the HTML and this file carry the same facts. ## Facts - Bill: Virginia SB323 - State: Virginia - Session: 2026 Regular Session - Title: Plastic firearms or receivers, etc., transfer, etc., prohibited; penalties. - Status: signed - Chamber: Senate - Introduced: 2026-01-13 - Last action: 2026-04-10, Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0532) - Sponsor: Adam P. Ebbin (Democratic) - Cosponsors: 0 - Touches household money: yes - Roll calls: 12 (273 yes, 166 no in all) - Economic provisions PRIA read: 4 ## Summary Manufacture, importation, sale, transfer, or possession of plastic firearms and unfinished frames or receivers and unserialized firearms prohibited; penalties. Creates a Class 5 felony for any person who knowingly manufactures or assembles, imports, purchases, sells, transfers, or possesses any firearm that, after removal of all parts other than a major component, as defined in the bill, is not detectable as a firearm when subjected to inspection by the types of detection devices, including X-ray machines, commonly used at airports, government buildings, schools, correctional facilities, and other locations for security screening. The bill updates language regarding the types of detection devices that are used at such locations for detecting plastic firearms. Under current law, it is unlawful to manufacture, import, sell, transfer, or possess any plastic firearm and a violation is punishable as a Class 5 felony.The bill also creates a Class 1 misdemeanor, which is punishable as a Class 4 felony for a second or subsequent offense, for any person to knowingly possess a firearm or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver that is not imprinted with a valid serial number or to knowingly import, purchase, sell, offer for sale, or transfer ownership of any completed or unfinished frame or receiver, unless the completed or unfinished frame or receiver (i) is deemed to be a firearm pursuant to federal law and (ii) is imprinted with a valid serial number. The bill also creates a Class 1 misdemeanor, which is punishable as a Class 4 felony for a second or subsequent offense, for any person to manufacture or assemble, cause to be manufactured or assembled, import, purchase, sell, offer for sale, or transfer ownership of any firearm that is not imprinted with a valid serial number. The provisions of the bill prohibiting unfinished frames or receivers and unserialized firearms have a delayed effective date of January 1, 2027; however, the provisions of the bill prohibiting the knowing possession of a firearm or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver that is not imprinted with a valid serial number have a delayed effective date of July 1, 2027. This bill is identical to HB 40. ## Bill overview: provisions PRIA read - Gun owners face serial number requirements: cost, medium. Beginning January 1, 2027, firearms must have valid serial numbers to be made, assembled, imported, bought, sold, or transferred. The ban also covers arranging production and offering firearms for sale. Knowingly importing, buying, selling, offering for sale, or transferring completed or unfinished… - Unlicensed gun makers face transfer limits: cost, medium. Beginning January 1, 2027, people without a federal firearm-making license generally cannot sell or transfer guns they made without that license. This also covers guns they knowingly arranged for an unlicensed person to make, or know another unlicensed person made. Other legal authorization and lis… - Felony penalties for undetectable gun activity: cost, low. Virginia bans knowingly making, assembling, arranging production of, importing, buying, selling, offering for sale, transferring, or possessing plastic or undetectable firearms. A plastic firearm has less than 3.7 ounces of detectable metal in specified parts and fails to show its shape accurately… - Gun licensees can serialize with records: mixed, low. Beginning January 1, 2027, authorized federal firearm licensees can add serial numbers to firearms, frames, and receivers. Each number starts with the licensee's first three and last five license digits, then a hyphen and a unique identifier. Licensees cannot reuse a number on another item they ser… ## Sponsors and cosponsors - Sponsor: Adam P. Ebbin (Democratic), Senate ## Roll call votes | Date | Chamber | Motion | Result | Yes | No | Other | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2026-03-14 | Senate | Conference report agreed to by Senate | pass | 21 | 18 | | | 2026-03-14 | House | Conference report agreed to by House | pass | 62 | 35 | | | 2026-02-23 | Senate | Senate acceded to request | pass | 35 | 3 | | | 2026-02-18 | Senate | House substitute rejected by Senate | fail | 0 | 39 | | | 2026-02-16 | House | Passed House with substitute | pass | 62 | 35 | | | 2026-02-13 | House | Reported from Public Safety with substitute | pass | 13 | 7 | | | 2026-02-09 | Senate | Read third time and passed Senate | pass | 21 | 19 | | | 2026-02-06 | Senate | Engrossed by Senate (Voice Vote) | pass | 0 | 0 | | | 2026-02-05 | Senate | Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 1st reading) | pass | 40 | 0 | | | 2026-02-05 | Senate | Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote) | pass | 0 | 0 | | | 2026-02-04 | Senate | Reported from Finance and Appropriations | pass | 10 | 5 | | | 2026-01-26 | Senate | Reported from Courts of Justice and rereferred to Finance and Appropriations | pass | 9 | 5 | | ## Actions (44) - 2026-04-10: Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0532) (Governor) - 2026-04-10: Approved by Governor-Chapter532 (Effective -see bill) (Governor) - 2026-04-01: Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB323) (Senate) - 2026-03-31: Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 13, 2026 (Governor) - 2026-03-31: Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 31, 2026 (Senate) - 2026-03-31: Signed by Speaker (House) - 2026-03-30: Bill text as passed Senate and House (SB323ER) (Senate) - 2026-03-30: Enrolled (Senate) - 2026-03-30: Signed by President (Senate) - 2026-03-14: Conference report agreed to by Senate (21-Y 18-N 0-A) (Senate) - 2026-03-14: Conference report agreed to by House (62-Y 35-N 0-A) (House) - 2026-03-14: Conference Report released - 2026-02-24: House Conferees: Simon, McPike, Phillips (House) - 2026-02-24: Conferees appointed by House (House) - 2026-02-23: Senate acceded to request (35-Y 3-N 0-A) (Senate) - 2026-02-23: Senate Conferees: Surovell, Jones, Obenshain (Senate) - 2026-02-23: Conferees appointed by Senate (Senate) - 2026-02-19: House requested conference committee (House) - 2026-02-19: House insisted on substitute (House) - 2026-02-18: House substitute rejected by Senate (Senate) - 2026-02-17: Fiscal Impact statement From VCSC (2/17/2026 9:51 am) (Senate) - 2026-02-16: Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB323) (Senate) - 2026-02-16: Passed House with substitute (62-Y 35-N 0-A) (House) - 2026-02-16: Engrossed by House - committee substitute (House) - 2026-02-16: committee substitute agreed to (House) - 2026-02-16: Read third time (House) - 2026-02-15: Read second time (House) - 2026-02-13: Committee substitute printed 26108019D-H1 (House) - 2026-02-13: Reported from Public Safety with substitute (13-Y 7-N) (House) - 2026-02-12: Referred to Committee on Public Safety (House) - 2026-02-12: Read first time (House) - 2026-02-12: Placed on Calendar (House) - 2026-02-09: Read third time and passed Senate (21-Y 19-N 0-A) (Senate) - 2026-02-06: Engrossed by Senate (Voice Vote) (Senate) - 2026-02-06: Read second time (Senate) - 2026-02-05: Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote) (Senate) - 2026-02-05: Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 1st reading) (40-Y 0-N 0-A) (Senate) - 2026-02-05: Rules suspended (Senate) - 2026-02-04: Reported from Finance and Appropriations (10-Y 5-N) (Senate) - 2026-01-26: Reported from Courts of Justice and rereferred to Finance and Appropriations (9-Y 5-N) (Senate) - 2026-01-20: Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB323) (Senate) - 2026-01-20: Fiscal Impact statement From VCSC (1/20/2026 2:04 pm) (Senate) - 2026-01-13: Referred to Committee for Courts of Justice (Senate) - 2026-01-13: Prefiled and ordered printed; Offered 01-14-2026 26100243D (Senate) ## Bill text - Chaptered, 2026-04-10: [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1218334.HTML), [PDF](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1218333.PDF) - Enrolled, 2026-03-30: [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1214603.HTML), [PDF](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1214602.PDF) - Conference Report, 2026-03-14: [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1211471.HTML) - Substitute, 2026-02-13: [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1148760.HTML), [PDF](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1148759.PDF) - Introduced, 2026-01-13: [HTML](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1089621.HTML), [PDF](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1089620.PDF) ## Related bills - HB5: Employment; paid sick leave, civil penalties. (signed) - SB199: Employment; paid sick leave, civil penalties. (signed) - HB95: Va. Residential Landlord and Tenant Act; landlord remedies, noncompliance with rental agreement. (signed) - HB1393: Electric utilities; pilot program for energy assistance and weatherization for certain individuals. (signed) - HB834: Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act; fire or casualty damage, termination by landlord. (signed) - HB675: Protection of employees; coercion or threat based on immigration status, civil penalty. (signed) ## Sources - [Chaptered (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1218334.HTML) - [Chaptered (PDF)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1218333.PDF) - [Enrolled (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1214603.HTML) - [Enrolled (PDF)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1214602.PDF) - [Conference Report (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1211471.HTML) - [Substitute (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1148760.HTML) - [Substitute (PDF)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1148759.PDF) - [Introduced (HTML)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1089621.HTML) - [Introduced (PDF)](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1089620.PDF) ## Related - [HB5: Employment; paid sick leave, civil penalties.](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-HB5-2026) - [SB199: Employment; paid sick leave, civil penalties.](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-SB199-2026) - [HB95: Va. Residential Landlord and Tenant Act; landlord remedies, noncompliance with…](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-HB95-2026) - [HB1393: Electric utilities; pilot program for energy assistance and weatherization for…](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-HB1393-2026) - [HB834: Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act; fire or casualty damage, terminat…](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-HB834-2026) - [HB675: Protection of employees; coercion or threat based on immigration status, civil…](https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-HB675-2026) - [Virginia bills](https://policyrisk.com/states/virginia/bills) - [Virginia state hub](https://policyrisk.com/states/virginia) - [All state legislation](https://policyrisk.com/state-bills) Source: PRIA, https://policyrisk.com/state-bill/VA-SB323-2026 (as of 2026-10-12).