United States Reciprocal Trade Act
Sponsored By: Representative Moore (WV)
Introduced
Summary
Impose reciprocal tariffs on imports that match a foreign country's duty or the effective cost of its non‑tariff barriers. This bill would give the President a toolkit to negotiate lower foreign tariffs or to set U.S. duty rates to push trading partners toward fairer access for U.S. exporters.
Show full summary
- U.S. producers, farmers, and workers: Would aim to open foreign markets by forcing reductions in foreign tariffs and non‑tariff barriers or by matching those barriers with U.S. duties, improving competitive opportunities for exporters.
- Presidential authority and congressional check: Would let the President either negotiate agreements to lower foreign barriers or impose matching duties. It would require at least 30 days public notice before raising duties, allow Congress to pass a disapproval resolution with a two‑thirds threshold, and expires after 3 years unless extended.
- Rules, advice, and scope: Would direct the United States Trade Representative, with Treasury and Commerce input, to calculate effective rates from non‑tariff barriers. The bill lists factors for choosing rates and defines nontariff barriers broadly to include sanitary rules, technical rules, procurement, IP, digital barriers, and state‑backed anticompetitive conduct.
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
2 provisions identified: 0 benefits, 0 costs, 2 mixed.
Reciprocal tariffs on imports
If enacted, the President would be able to raise U.S. tariffs on a specific imported good to match a foreign country's tariff. The President could instead set a duty equal to the effective cost of foreign non-tariff barriers. The President could try to negotiate reductions instead of imposing duties. The President could later increase U.S. duties to match further foreign increases. The President must end a U.S. increase when the foreign measure stops or if it is not in the U.S. economic or public interest.
Oversight, rules, and time limit
If enacted, Congress could cancel a Presidential tariff action with a named disapproval resolution. A disapproval resolution would need a two-thirds vote of Members to take effect. The President would have to consult Ways and Means and Finance committees before negotiating. The President would publish a notice at least 30 days before raising a duty and allow public comment. USTR must report to Congress before finalizing any agreement. The law would define terms like "nontariff barrier" and set factors the President must weigh. The President's power to start new duties would end three years after enactment, with one possible three-year extension if requested.
Sponsors & CoSponsors
Sponsor
Moore (WV)
WV • R
Cosponsors
Greene (GA)
GA • R
Sponsored 1/24/2025
Collins
GA • R
Sponsored 1/24/2025
McDowell
NC • R
Sponsored 1/24/2025
Hamadeh (AZ)
AZ • R
Sponsored 1/24/2025
Loudermilk
GA • R
Sponsored 1/24/2025
Jack
GA • R
Sponsored 1/24/2025
Begich
AK • R
Sponsored 1/24/2025
Rulli
OH • R
Sponsored 1/24/2025
Haridopolos
FL • R
Sponsored 2/10/2025
Harrigan
NC • R
Sponsored 6/4/2025
Roll Call Votes
No roll call votes available for this bill.
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