Judicial Relief Clarification Act of 2025
Sponsored By: Senator Sen. Grassley, Chuck [R-IA]
Introduced
Summary
Limits federal courts from ordering relief for non-parties and narrows administrative review. It bars courts from issuing orders that restrain enforcement against or compel action for someone who is not a party unless that person is represented by a party acting in a representative role under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
Show full summary
- Non-parties and third parties: Courts may not grant relief that benefits or binds a non-party unless a party represents them in a representative capacity.
- Federal and state officials and agencies: Judges can issue temporary restraining orders to restrain enforcement of or compel action with respect to statutes, regulations, orders, executive actions, or similar authority by the United States or any state, its agencies, or officers acting in an official capacity.
- Challenges to agency action: Judicial review under the Administrative Procedure Act is limited to a "person" before the court, and the bill removes language that allowed courts to "set aside" agency actions.
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
2 provisions identified: 0 benefits, 1 costs, 1 mixed.
Limits court orders for non-parties
If enacted, this bill would stop federal courts from issuing orders that help people or groups not named in a case. It would add a rule saying relief can go only to persons or parties "before the court." It would create a new law that bars courts from restraining enforcement against, or forcing action for, non-parties unless a party formally represents them under court rules. The rule would apply in U.S. courts and in district courts in Guam, the Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands, and would take effect upon enactment.
New appeals for temporary restraining orders
If enacted, this bill would allow appeals of certain temporary restraining orders before final judgment. It would let courts of appeals review TROs that try to stop or force action about a law, rule, or official action by the U.S. or a State, its agency, or officers. The change would apply to TROs issued under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure or any other authority. It would take effect upon enactment.
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Sponsors & CoSponsors
Sponsor
Sen. Grassley, Chuck [R-IA]
IA • R
Cosponsors
James Justice
WV • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Sen. Kennedy, John [R-LA]
LA • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Sen. Barrasso, John [R-WY]
WY • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Sen. Blackburn, Marsha [R-TN]
TN • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Katie Britt
AL • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Sen. Budd, Ted [R-NC]
NC • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Sen. Cornyn, John [R-TX]
TX • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Kevin Cramer
ND • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Sen. Cruz, Ted [R-TX]
TX • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Steve Daines
MT • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Sen. Graham, Lindsey [R-SC]
SC • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Bill Hagerty
TN • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Cynthia Lummis
WY • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Sen. Marshall, Roger [R-KS]
KS • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Sen. Moody, Ashley [R-FL]
FL • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Sen. Moreno, Bernie [R-OH]
OH • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Eric Schmitt
MO • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Sen. Tillis, Thomas [R-NC]
NC • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Tommy Tuberville
AL • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Sen. Cassidy, Bill [R-LA]
LA • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Sen. Lee, Mike [R-UT]
UT • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Sen. Ernst, Joni [R-IA]
IA • R
Sponsored 4/2/2025
Sen. Banks, Jim [R-IN]
IN • R
Sponsored 4/2/2025
Sen. Husted, Jon [R-OH]
OH • R
Sponsored 4/3/2025
Sen. Sheehy, Tim [R-MT]
MT • R
Sponsored 4/4/2025
Sen. Lankford, James [R-OK]
OK • R
Sponsored 4/4/2025
Cindy Hyde-Smith
MS • R
Sponsored 4/7/2025
Deb Fischer
NE • R
Sponsored 4/10/2025
Dan Sullivan
AK • R
Sponsored 5/6/2025
Roll Call Votes
No roll call votes available for this bill.
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