§12005 — Title 10 Armed Forces | U.S. Code

Summary

The Army and Air Force secretaries decide how many reserve commissioned officers on active duty can serve at each rank, but those numbers cannot exceed the percentages set by law for each rank. The Navy Reserve has fixed limits for line officers: Captain 1.5%, Commander 7%, Lieutenant Commander 22%, Lieutenant 37%, and Lieutenant (junior grade) plus Ensign combined 32.5% of that group. The Marine Corps Reserve has fixed limits: Colonel 2%, Lieutenant colonel 8%, Major 16%, Captain 39%, and first and second lieutenants combined 35%. If there are fewer officers actually serving in a higher grade than allowed, the unused slots can be used to add officers in lower grades. An open spot in an Army or Air Force rank can be filled by appointing someone from a lower rank. Medical and dental officers are not counted in these limits. No Army or Air Force officer can be moved down in rank because the allowed numbers drop. Navy and Marine Reserve officers cannot be reduced in permanent rank for that reason either.

Title 10, §12005

Armed Forces — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)(1)Subject to paragraph (2), the authorized strength of the Army and the Air Force in reserve commissioned officers in an active status in each grade named in paragraph (2) is as prescribed by the Secretary of the Army or the Secretary of the Air Force, respectively. A vacancy in any grade may be filled by an authorized appointment in any lower grade.

(2)A strength prescribed by the Secretary concerned under paragraph (1) for a grade may not be higher than the percentage of the strength authorized for the Army or the Air Force, as the case may be, under section 12003 of this title that is specified for that grade as follows: GradeArmy percentageAir Force percentage Colonel21.8 Lieutenant colonel64.6 Major1314 Captain3532 First lieutenant and second lieutenant (when combined with the number authorized for general officer grades under section 12004 of this title)4447.6

(3)Medical officers and dental officers shall not be counted for the purposes of this subsection.

(b)(1)The authorized strengths of the Navy Reserve in line officers in an active status in the grades of captain, commander, lieutenant commander, and lieutenant, and in the grades of lieutenant (junior grade) and ensign combined, are the following percentages of the total authorized number of those officers: Captain1.5 percent Commander7 percent Lieutenant commander22 percent Lieutenant37 percent Lieutenant (junior grade) and ensign (when combined with the number authorized for flag officer grades under section 12004 of this title)32.5 percent.

(2)When the actual number of line officers in an active status in any grade is less than the number authorized by paragraph (1) for that grade, the difference may be applied to increase the number authorized by that paragraph for any lower grade or grades.

(c)(1)The authorized strengths of the Marine Corps Reserve in officers in an active status in the grades of colonel, lieutenant colonel, major, and captain, and in the grades of first lieutenant and second lieutenant combined, are the following percentages of the total authorized number of those officers: Colonel2 percent Lieutenant colonel8 percent Major16 percent Captain39 percent First lieutenant and second lieutenant (when combined with the number authorized for general officer grades under section 12004 of this title)35 percent.

(2)When the actual number of officers in an active status in any grade is less than the number authorized by paragraph (1) for that grade, the difference may be applied to increase the number authorized by that paragraph for any lower grade or grades.

(d)(1)An officer of the Army or Air Force may not be reduced in grade because of a reduction in the number of commissioned officers authorized for the officer’s grade under this section.

(2)An officer of the Navy Reserve or the Marine Corps Reserve may not be reduced in permanent grade because of a reduction in the number authorized by this section for his grade.

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in section 3219, 5457(b)–(d), 5458(b)–(d), and 8219 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–337, § 1662(a)(3).

Amendments

2006—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 109–163 substituted “Navy Reserve” for “Naval Reserve” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 109–163 substituted “Navy Reserve” for “Naval Reserve”. 2004—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 108–375 amended table generally, increasing percentages of authorized number of officers in grades other than colonel. 2000—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 106–398 added par. (3).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.

§12005 Strength in grade: commissioned officers in grades below brigadier general or rear admiral (lower half) in an active status