§4952 Purposes

Codification The text of section 2412 of this title, which was transferred to this section by Pub. L. 116–283, § 1872(a)(3), was based on Pub. L. 98–525, title XII, § 1241(a)(1), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2605; Pub. L. 99–145, title IX, § 919(a), Nov. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 692. Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title XVII, § 1701(b)(24), (m)(2)(A), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2135, 2144, amended Pub. L. 116–283, § 1872(a)(5), which had originally transferred section 2413 of this title to this section and made an amendment in the text. After amendment by Pub. L. 117–81, section 1872(a)(5) of Pub. L. 116–283 instead transferred section 2413 to section 4954 of this title and consequently amended the text of that section.

2025—Par. (3). Pub. L. 119–60 added par. (3). 2021—Pub. L. 117–81, § 1701(m)(3), which directed amendment of section “1872(a)(B)” of Pub. L. 116–283, was executed as if it had referred to section “1872(a)(1)(B)” of Pub. L. 116–283, which enacted this section, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Pub. L. 116–283, § 1872(a)(3), as amended by Pub. L. 117–81, § 1701(m)(1)(B), transferred the text of section 2412 of this title to this section.

of 2021 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 117–81 applicable as if included in the enactment of title XVIII of Pub. L. 116–283 as enacted, see section 1701(a)(2) of Pub. L. 117–81, set out in a note preceding section 3001 of this title and

note below.

Section and amendment by Pub. L. 116–283 effective Jan. 1, 2022, with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law, see section 1801(d) of Pub. L. 116–283, set out as an

of 2021 Amendment note preceding section 3001 of this title.