§601 — Title 10 Armed Forces | U.S. Code

Summary

The President can pick specific jobs that must be filled by generals or admirals (or their lieutenant/vice ranks). The President may put any officer above the rank of colonel (or above captain in the Navy) into one of those jobs, but the officer must be appointed to that higher grade by the President and confirmed by the Senate. Normally the higher grade ends when the assignment ends, but the officer keeps the grade while serving in the job; while being moved from one such job to another (from the day the first job ends until the day before the next starts); while hospitalized (up to 180 days); while waiting for new orders after being relieved (up to 60 days unless placed in another covered job); and while waiting to retire (up to 60 days, or up to 90 days if the officer is retiring after at least one year of continuous deployment outside the United States to a combat zone or in support of a contingency operation). Getting a temporary higher grade does not cancel an officer’s permanent rank. Officers serving temporarily above their permanent rank must be considered for permanent promotion as if they were in their permanent grade. When an officer is first recommended for three- or four-star rank, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs must give the Secretary of Defense an evaluation of the officer’s joint-duty performance, and the Secretary must pass that evaluation and any vacancy qualifications to the President. Before a service Secretary recommends someone for an initial three- or four-star job, the Secretary must consider all officers judged among the best qualified.

Title 10, §601

Armed Forces — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)The President may designate positions of importance and responsibility to carry the grade of general or admiral or lieutenant general or vice admiral. The President may assign to any such position an officer of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, or Space Force who is serving on active duty in any grade above colonel or, in the case of an officer of the Navy, any grade above captain. An officer assigned to any such position has the grade specified for that position if he is appointed to that grade by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Except as provided in subsection (b), the appointment of an officer to a grade under this section for service in a position of importance and responsibility ends on the date of the termination of the assignment of the officer to that position.

(b)An officer who is appointed to the grade of general, admiral, lieutenant general, or vice admiral for service in a position designated under subsection (a) or by law to carry that grade shall continue to hold that grade—

(1)while serving in that position;

(2)while under orders transferring him to another position designated under subsection (a) or by law to carry one of those grades, beginning on the day his assignment to the first position is terminated and ending on the day before the day on which he assumes the second position;

(3)while hospitalized, beginning on the day of the hospitalization and ending on the day he is discharged from the hospital, but not for more than 180 days;

(4)at the discretion of the Secretary of Defense, while the officer is awaiting orders after being relieved from the position designated under subsection (a) or by law to carry one of those grades, but not for more than 60 days beginning on the day the officer is relieved from the position, unless, during such period, the officer is placed under orders to another position designated under subsection (a) or by law to carry one of those grades, in which case paragraph (2) will also apply to the officer; and

(5)while awaiting retirement, beginning on the day he is relieved from the position designated under subsection (a) or by law to carry one of those grades and ending on the day before his retirement, but—

(A)subject to subparagraph (B), not for more than 60 days; and

(B)with respect to an officer awaiting retirement following not less than one year of consecutive deployment outside of the United States to a combat zone (as defined in section 112(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) or in support of a contingency operation, not for more than 90 days.

(c)(1)An appointment of an officer under subsection (a) does not vacate the permanent grade held by the officer.

(2)An officer serving in a grade above major general or rear admiral who holds the permanent grade of brigadier general or rear admiral (lower half) shall be considered for promotion to the permanent grade of major general or rear admiral, as appropriate, as if he were serving in his permanent grade.

(d)(1)When an officer is recommended to the President for an initial appointment to the grade of lieutenant general or vice admiral, or for an initial appointment to the grade of general or admiral, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff shall submit to the Secretary of Defense the Chairman’s evaluation of the performance of that officer as a member of the Joint Staff and in other joint duty assignments. The Secretary of Defense shall submit the Chairman’s evaluation to the President at the same time the recommendation for the appointment is submitted to the President.

(2)Whenever a vacancy occurs in a position within the Department of Defense that the President has designated as a position of importance and responsibility to carry the grade of general or admiral or lieutenant general or vice admiral or in an office that is designated by law to carry such a grade, the Secretary of Defense shall inform the President of the qualifications needed by an officer serving in that position or office to carry out effectively the duties and responsibilities of that position or office.

(e)Prior to making a recommendation to the Secretary of Defense for the nomination of an officer for appointment to a position of importance and responsibility under this section, which appointment would result in the initial appointment of the officer concerned in the grade of lieutenant general or general in the Army, Air Force, Marine Corps, or Space Force or vice admiral or admiral in the Navy, the Secretary concerned shall consider all officers determined to be among the best qualified for such position.

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

References in Text

section 112 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b)(5)(B), is classified to section 112 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

Amendments

2023—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 118–31 substituted “Marine Corps, or Space Force or” for “or Marine Corps,” and struck out “or the commensurate grades in the Space Force,” after “in the Navy,”. 2022—Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 117–263 substituted “retirement, but—” and subpars. (A) and (B) for “retirement, but not for more than 60 days.” 2021—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 116–283, § 924(b)(3)(C), substituted “Marine Corps, or Space Force” for “or Marine Corps”. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 116–283, § 551(b)(1), added subsec. (e). 2008—Subsec. (b)(4), (5). Pub. L. 110–181 added par. (4) and redesignated former par. (4) as (5). 1996—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–106, § 403(c)(1), in introductory provisions substituted “designated under subsection (a) or by law” for “of importance and responsibility designated”. Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 104–106, § 403(c)(2), struck out “of importance and responsibility” after “position”. Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 104–106, § 403(c)(3), substituted “designated under subsection (a) or by law” for “designating”. Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 104–106, § 403(c)(4), inserted “under subsection (a) or by law” after “designated”. 1991—Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 102–190 substituted “60 days” for “90 days”. 1986—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 99–433 added subsec. (d). 1985—Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 99–145 substituted “rear admiral (lower half)” for “commodore”. 1984—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–525 amended subsec. (b) generally, which prior to amendment had provided that if the assignment of an officer who was serving in a position designated to carry the grade of general, admiral, lieutenant general, or vice admiral was terminated (1) by the assignment of such officer to another position designated to carry one of those grades, such officers would hold, during the period beginning on the day of that termination and ending on the day before the day on which he assumed the other position, the grade that he had held on the day before the termination; (2) by the hospitalization of such officer, such officer would hold, during the period beginning on the day of that termination and ending on the day he was discharged from the hospital, but not for more than 180 days, the grade that he had held on the day before the termination; or (3) by the retirement of such officer, such officer would hold, during the period beginning on the day of that termination and ending on the day before his retirement, but not for more than 90 days, the grade that he had held on the day before the termination. 1981—Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 97–86 substituted “commodore” for “commodore admiral”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 1991 Amendment Pub. L. 102–190, div. A, title V, § 502(b), Dec. 5, 1991, 105 Stat. 1355, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first month that begins more than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 5, 1991].”

Effective Date

of 1981 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 97–86 effective Sept. 15, 1981, see section 405(f) of Pub. L. 97–86, set out as a note under section 101 of this title.

Effective Date

Section effective Sept. 15, 1981, but the authority to prescribe

Regulations

under this chapter effective on Dec. 12, 1980, see section 701 of Pub. L. 96–513, set out as an

Effective Date

of 1980 Amendment note under section 101 of this title. Transition Provisions Under Defense Officer Personnel Management ActFor provisions relating to temporary appointments of officers serving in grades above major general or rear admiral, see section 623 of Pub. L. 96–513, set out as a note under section 611 of this title.

§601 Positions of importance and responsibility: generals and lieutenant generals; admirals and vice admirals

Summary

Title 10, §601

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Amendments

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Effective Date

Effective Date

Regulations

Effective Date

Citations & Metadata