Title 12Banks and BankingRelease 119-73

§1960 Safe harbor with respect to keep open directives

Title 12 › Chapter CHAPTER 21— - FINANCIAL RECORDKEEPING › § 1960

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

If a federal law enforcement agency tells FinCEN it plans to send a written request asking a bank or similar financial firm to keep a customer’s account or transaction open, or if a state, tribal, or local agency sends that request with FinCEN’s agreement, the bank may keep the account or transaction open under the request’s limits and schedule without being held legally responsible under this law. Also, no federal or state agency may punish the bank just for following that request. Financial institution — an entity covered by section 1953(b) of this title. Law enforcement may check that the request is valid. The bank must still file any required reports, including suspicious activity reports. The protection does not cover actions taken before the request was made or after the request’s end date. Every request must include an end date. The agency that sends the request must give FinCEN a copy and tell FinCEN within 2 business days whether the bank followed the request.

Full Legal Text

Title 12, §1960

Banks and Banking — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)In this section, the term “financial institution” means an entity to which section 1953(b) of this title applies.
(b)With respect to a customer account or customer transaction of a financial institution, if a Federal law enforcement agency, after notifying FinCEN of the intent to submit a written request to the financial institution that the financial institution keep that account or transaction open (referred to in this section as a “keep open request”), or if a State, Tribal, or local law enforcement agency with the concurrence of FinCEN submits a keep open request—
(1)the financial institution shall not be liable under this chapter for maintaining that account or transaction consistent with the parameters and timing of the request; and
(2)no Federal or State department or agency may take any adverse supervisory action under this chapter with respect to the financial institution solely for maintaining that account or transaction consistent with the parameters of the request.
(c)Nothing in this section may be construed—
(1)to prevent a Federal or State department or agency from verifying the validity of a keep open request submitted under subsection (b) with the law enforcement agency submitting that request;
(2)to relieve a financial institution from complying with any reporting requirements, including the reporting of suspicious transactions under section 5318(g) of title 31; or
(3)to extend the safe harbor described in subsection (b) to any actions taken by the financial institution—
(A)before the date of the keep open request to maintain a customer account; or
(B)after the termination date stated in the keep open request.
(d)For the purposes of this section, any keep open request submitted under subsection (b) shall include a termination date after which that request shall no longer apply.
(e)Any Federal, State, Tribal, or local law enforcement agency that submits to a financial institution a keep open request shall, not later than 2 business days after the date on which the request is submitted to the financial institution—
(1)submit to FinCEN a copy of the request; and
(2)alert FinCEN as to whether the financial institution has implemented the request.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

12 U.S.C. § 1960

Title 12Banks and Banking

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73