Title 16ConservationRelease 119-73

§6543 Watershed Condition Framework

Title 16 › Chapter CHAPTER 84— - HEALTHY FOREST RESTORATION › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER III— - WATERSHED FORESTRY ASSISTANCE › § 6543

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

Create and run a Watershed Condition Framework for National Forest System land. The Framework must check and rate watersheds using signs like water quality and amount, fish and other aquatic life, stream and wetland plants, roads and trails, soil condition, groundwater-dependent ecosystems, and land issues such as fire risk, invasive species, and insects and disease, plus other important factors the Secretary picks. The Secretary must pick up to 5 priority watersheds in each National Forest and up to 2 in each national grassland. For each priority watershed the Secretary must make a protection and restoration action plan that lists the main problems, the essential projects to fix them, a schedule, likely partners and funding sources, and a monitoring and evaluation program. The Secretary must set priorities, carry out the plans, and watch whether the work improves watershed health. The Secretary must work with nearby non-Federal landowners and with State, Tribal, and local governments. The Secretary must also keep the public involved on an ongoing basis. If a Forest Supervisor finds a wildfire has badly harmed a watershed and Burned Area Emergency Response Team emergency work is not enough, the Secretary can name that watershed a priority without using the usual selection steps. "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture acting through the Chief of the Forest Service.

Full Legal Text

Title 16, §6543

Conservation — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)The Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the Chief of the Forest Service (referred to in this section as the “Secretary”), may establish and maintain a Watershed Condition Framework for National Forest System land—
(1)to evaluate and classify the condition of watersheds, taking into consideration—
(A)water quality and quantity;
(B)aquatic habitat and biota;
(C)riparian and wetland vegetation;
(D)the presence of roads and trails;
(E)soil type and condition;
(F)groundwater-dependent ecosystems;
(G)relevant terrestrial indicators, such as fire regime, risk of catastrophic fire, forest and rangeland vegetation, invasive species, and insects and disease; and
(H)other significant factors, as determined by the Secretary;
(2)to identify for protection and restoration up to 5 priority watersheds in each National Forest, and up to 2 priority watersheds in each national grassland, taking into consideration the impact of the condition of the watershed condition on—
(A)wildfire behavior;
(B)flood risk;
(C)fish and wildlife;
(D)drinking water supplies;
(E)irrigation water supplies;
(F)forest-dependent communities; and
(G)other significant impacts, as determined by the Secretary;
(3)to develop a watershed protection and restoration action plan for each priority watershed that—
(A)takes into account existing restoration activities being implemented in the watershed; and
(B)includes, at a minimum—
(i)the major stressors responsible for the impaired condition of the watershed;
(ii)a set of essential projects that, once completed, will address the identified stressors and improve watershed conditions;
(iii)a proposed implementation schedule;
(iv)potential partners and funding sources; and
(v)a monitoring and evaluation program;
(4)to prioritize protection and restoration activities for each watershed restoration action plan;
(5)to implement each watershed protection and restoration action plan; and
(6)to monitor the effectiveness of protection and restoration actions and indicators of watershed health.
(b)In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary shall—
(1)coordinate with interested non-Federal landowners and State, Tribal, and local governments within the relevant watershed; and
(2)provide for an active and ongoing public engagement process.
(c)Notwithstanding paragraph (2) of subsection (a), the Secretary may identify a watershed as a priority for rehabilitation in the Watershed Condition Framework without using the process described in that subsection if a Forest Supervisor determines that—
(1)a wildfire has significantly diminished the condition of the watershed; and
(2)the emergency stabilization activities of the Burned Area Emergency Response Team are insufficient to return the watershed to proper function.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

16 U.S.C. § 6543

Title 16Conservation

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73