Title 19Customs DutiesRelease 119-73

§1612 Seizure; summary sale

Title 19 › Chapter CHAPTER 4— - TARIFF ACT OF 1930 › Subtitle SUBTITLE III— - ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS › Part Part V— - Enforcement Provisions › § 1612

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

Customs must quickly sell at auction any seized vessel, vehicle, aircraft, goods, or baggage that will spoil, waste, lose a lot of value, or cost more to store than it's worth if it is covered by section 1607 and was not released on bond. If it is not covered by section 1607, Customs sends a report to the U.S. attorney, who can ask a court for an immediate sale. The court may order the sale and the money is held by the court until the case ends and is available to people with valid claims. If storage costs are disproportionate, Customs may destroy or otherwise dispose of the property under Treasury rules. Customs officers are not personally liable for doing this.

Full Legal Text

Title 19, §1612

Customs Duties — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Whenever it appears to the Customs Service that any vessel, vehicle, aircraft, merchandise, or baggage seized under the customs laws is liable to perish or to waste or to be greatly reduced in value by keeping, or that the expense of keeping the same is disproportionate to the value thereof, and such vessel, vehicle, aircraft, merchandise, or baggage is subject to section 1607 of this title, and such vessel, vehicle, aircraft, merchandise, or baggage has not been delivered under bond, the Customs Service shall proceed forthwith to advertise and sell the same at auction under regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury. If such vessel, vehicle, aircraft, merchandise, or baggage is not subject to section 1607 of this title, the Customs Service shall forthwith transmit its report of the seizure to the United States attorney, who shall petition the court to order an immediate sale of such vessel, vehicle, aircraft, merchandise, or baggage, and if the ends of justice require it the court shall order such immediate sale, the proceeds thereof to be deposited with the court to await the final determination of the condemnation proceedings. Whether such sale be made by the Customs Service or by order of the court, the proceeds thereof shall be held subject to claims of parties in interest to the same extent as the vessel, vehicle, aircraft, merchandise, or baggage so sold would have been subject to such claim.
(b)If the Customs Service determines that the expense of keeping the vessel, vehicle, aircraft, merchandise, or baggage is disproportionate to the value thereof, the Customs Service may promptly order the destruction or other appropriate disposition of such property under regulations prescribed by the Secretary. No customs officer shall be liable for the destruction or other disposition of property made pursuant to this section.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in act Sept. 21, 1922, ch. 356, title IV, § 612, 42 Stat. 986. That section was superseded by section 612 of act June 17, 1930, comprising this section, and repealed by section 651(a)(1) of the 1930 act. Provisions concerning the sale of property liable to perish or waste, etc., were contained in R.S. § 3080, prior to repeal by act Sept. 21, 1922, ch. 356, title IV, § 642, 42 Stat. 989.

Amendments

1993—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–182, § 667(1), substituted “the Customs Service” for “the appropriate customs officer” after “Whenever it appears to”, for “such officer” after “delivered under bond,”, for “such officer” before “shall forthwith transmit” and for “the customs officer” after “Whether such sale be made by” and substituted “its report of the seizure” for “the appraiser’s return and his report of the seizure”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–182, § 667(2), amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (b) read as follows: “If the expense of keeping the vessel, vehicle, aircraft, merchandise, or baggage is disproportionate to the value thereof, and such value is less than $1,000, such officer may proceed forthwith to order destruction or other appropriate disposition of such property, under

Regulations

prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury.” 1988—Pub. L. 100–690 reenacted section substantially without change. 1984—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–573 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted reference to aircraft in six places and substituted “the value thereof, and such vessel” for “the value thereof, and the value of such vessel”, “is subject to section 1607 of this title” for “as determined under section 1606 of this title, does not exceed $10,000”, “If such vessel” for “If such value of such vessel”, and “baggage is not subject to section 1607 of this title,” for “baggage exceeds $10,000”, and added subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–473 amended section in manner substantially identical to amendment by Pub. L. 98–573, but did not add a subsec. (b) or provisions similar thereto. 1978—Pub. L. 95–410 substituted “$10,000” for “$2,500” wherever appearing. 1970—Pub. L. 91–271 substituted references to appropriate customs officer or such officer for references to collector wherever appearing therein, and struck out references to appraiser and appraiser’s return of value. 1954—Act Sept. 1, 1954, substituted “$2,500” for “$1,000” wherever appearing.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Act June 25, 1948, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, substituted “United States attorney” for “United States district attorney”. See section 541 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, and Historical and Revision Note thereunder.

Effective Date

of 1984 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 98–573 effective Oct. 15, 1984, see section 214(e) of Pub. L. 98–573, set out as a note under section 1304 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1970 AmendmentFor

Effective Date

of amendment by Pub. L. 91–271, see section 203 of Pub. L. 91–271, set out as a note under section 1500 of this title.

Transfer of Functions

For

Transfer of Functions

, personnel, assets, and liabilities of the United States Customs Service of the Department of the Treasury, including functions of the Secretary of the Treasury relating thereto, to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see section 203(1), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6. For establishment of U.S. Customs and Border Protection in the Department of Homeland Security, treated as if included in Pub. L. 107–296 as of Nov. 25, 2002, see section 211 of Title 6, as amended generally by Pub. L. 114–125, and section 802(b) of Pub. L. 114–125, set out as a note under section 211 of Title 6.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

19 U.S.C. § 1612

Title 19Customs Duties

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73