Title 21Food and DrugsRelease 119-73

§387p Preservation of State and local authority

Title 21 › Chapter CHAPTER 9— - FEDERAL FOOD, DRUG, AND COSMETIC ACT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IX— - TOBACCO PRODUCTS › § 387p

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

Federal, state, local, and tribal governments can make and enforce tobacco rules that are stricter or add to the federal rules. But states and their local governments cannot make rules that differ from or add to federal requirements about the product itself — things like product standards, premarket review, adulteration, misbranding, labeling, registration, manufacturing practices, or claims that a product is lower risk. Rules about sale, distribution, possession, reporting to the State, exposure, access, advertising and promotion, use by people of any age, or fire safety are still allowed. Information a company gives to a State that is legally exempt from public release must be treated as a trade secret and kept confidential by the State. Also, nothing here changes who can be sued under state product liability laws.

Full Legal Text

Title 21, §387p

Food and Drugs — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)(1)Except as provided in paragraph (2)(A), nothing in this subchapter, or rules promulgated under this subchapter, shall be construed to limit the authority of a Federal agency (including the Armed Forces), a State or political subdivision of a State, or the government of an Indian tribe to enact, adopt, promulgate, and enforce any law, rule, regulation, or other measure with respect to tobacco products that is in addition to, or more stringent than, requirements established under this subchapter, including a law, rule, regulation, or other measure relating to or prohibiting the sale, distribution, possession, exposure to, access to, advertising and promotion of, or use of tobacco products by individuals of any age, information reporting to the State, or measures relating to fire safety standards for tobacco products. No provision of this subchapter shall limit or otherwise affect any State, tribal, or local taxation of tobacco products.
(2)(A)No State or political subdivision of a State may establish or continue in effect with respect to a tobacco product any requirement which is different from, or in addition to, any requirement under the provisions of this subchapter relating to tobacco product standards, premarket review, adulteration, misbranding, labeling, registration, good manufacturing standards, or modified risk tobacco products.
(B)Subparagraph (A) does not apply to requirements relating to the sale, distribution, possession, information reporting to the State, exposure to, access to, the advertising and promotion of, or use of, tobacco products by individuals of any age, or relating to fire safety standards for tobacco products. Information disclosed to a State under subparagraph (A) that is exempt from disclosure under section 552(b)(4) of title 5 shall be treated as a trade secret and confidential information by the State.
(b)No provision of this subchapter relating to a tobacco product shall be construed to modify or otherwise affect any action or the liability of any person under the product liability law of any State.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

21 U.S.C. § 387p

Title 21Food and Drugs

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73