Title 22 — Foreign Relations and IntercourseRelease 119-73

§7651 Findings

Title 22 › Chapter CHAPTER 83— - UNITED STATES LEADERSHIP AGAINST HIV/AIDS, TUBERCULOSIS, AND MALARIA › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER III— - BILATERAL EFFORTS › Part Part B— - Assistance for Women, Children, and Families › § 7651

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

Congress finds these facts about mother-to-child HIV transmission. About 2,000 children worldwide get HIV from their mothers every day. Transmission can happen during pregnancy, labor and delivery, or through breastfeeding. Over 90 percent of these cases are in developing countries with little public health care. Certain antiretroviral drugs can cut mother-to-child transmission by nearly 50 percent, and if they were available everywhere they could prevent up to 400,000 infections a year. At a U.N. meeting in June 2001, the United States agreed to reduce infant infections by 20 percent by 2005 and by 50 percent by 2010. U.S. agencies like USAID and the CDC already support prevention programs and can expand them with foreign governments and other groups. Preventing mother-to-child transmission can also help start broader care and treatment for infected mothers, fathers, and family members. HIV/AIDS has left about 13,200,000 children under 15 as orphans and that number may double by 2010. About 10,300,000 people aged 15–24 live with HIV/AIDS, and half of new infections are in this age group.

Full Legal Text

Title 22, §7651

Foreign Relations and Intercourse — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

Congress makes the following findings:

(1)Approximately 2,000 children around the world are infected each day with HIV through mother-to-child transmission. Transmission can occur during pregnancy, labor, and delivery or through breast feeding. Over 90 percent of these cases are in developing nations with little or no access to public health facilities.

(2)Mother-to-child transmission is largely preventable with the proper application of pharmaceuticals, therapies, and other public health interventions.

(3)Certain antiretroviral drugs reduce mother-to-child transmission by nearly 50 percent. Universal availability of this drug could prevent up to 400,000 infections per year and dramatically reduce the number of AIDS-related deaths.

(4)At the United Nations Special Session on HIV/AIDS in June 2001, the United States committed to the specific goals with respect to the prevention of mother-to-child transmission, including the goals of reducing the proportion of infants infected with HIV by 20 percent by the year 2005 and by 50 percent by the year 2010, as specified in the Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS adopted by the United Nations General Assembly at the Special Session.

(5)Several United States Government agencies including the United States Agency for International Development and the Centers for Disease Control are already supporting programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission in resource-poor nations and have the capacity to expand these programs rapidly by working closely with foreign governments and nongovernmental organizations.

(6)Efforts to prevent mother-to-child transmission can provide the basis for a broader response that includes care and treatment of mothers, fathers, and other family members who are infected with HIV or living with AIDS.

(7)HIV/AIDS has devastated the lives of countless children and families across the globe. Since the epidemic began, an estimated 13,200,000 children under the age of 15 have been orphaned by AIDS, that is they have lost their mother or both parents to the disease. The Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) estimates that this number will double by the year 2010.

(8)HIV/AIDS also targets young people between the ages of 15 to 24, particularly young women, many of whom carry the burden of caring for family members living with HIV/AIDS. An estimated 10,300,000 young people are now living with HIV/AIDS. One-half of all new infections are occurring among this age group.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

22 U.S.C. § 7651

Title 22 — Foreign Relations and Intercourse

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73