Title 23HighwaysRelease 119-73

§161 Operation of motor vehicles by intoxicated minors

Title 23 › Chapter CHAPTER 1— - FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAYS › § 161

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

The Secretary will hold back federal highway money from any State that does not have a law treating a person under the age of 21 with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.02 percent or greater while driving as driving while intoxicated or under the influence of alcohol. On October 1, 1999, and on October 1 of each year through fiscal year 2011, the Secretary must withhold 10 percent of the amounts to be paid to a State under paragraphs (1), (3), and (4) of section 104(b). On October 1, 2011, and each October 1 after that, the Secretary must withhold 8 percent of the amounts to be paid under paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 104(b) if the State still lacks the law. Money held back on or before September 30, 2000 stays available until the end of the third fiscal year after the year it was meant for. Money held back after that date is not available for the State. If a State adopts and enforces the required law before the withheld funds expire, the Secretary will give the remaining available withheld funds to the State on the first day the State meets the rule. Funds given to the State then can be spent until the end of the third fiscal year after they were given. If the State still does not meet the rule when the availability period ends, the withheld funds lapse.

Full Legal Text

Title 23, §161

Highways — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)(1)The Secretary shall withhold 10 percent (including any amounts withheld under paragraph (1)) of the amount required to be apportioned to any State under each of paragraphs (1), (3), and (4) of section 104(b) 11 See References in Text note below. on October 1, 1999, and on October 1 of each fiscal year thereafter through fiscal year 2011, if the State does not meet the requirement of paragraph (3) on that date.
(2)The Secretary shall withhold an amount equal to 8 percent of the amount required to be apportioned to any State under each of paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 104(b) on October 1, 2011, and on October 1 of each fiscal year thereafter, if the State does not meet the requirement of paragraph (3) on that date.
(3)A State meets the requirement of this paragraph if the State has enacted and is enforcing a law that considers an individual under the age of 21 who has a blood alcohol concentration of 0.02 percent or greater while operating a motor vehicle in the State to be driving while intoxicated or driving under the influence of alcohol.
(b)(1)(A)Any funds withheld under subsection (a) from apportionment to any State on or before September 30, 2000, shall remain available until the end of the third fiscal year following the fiscal year for which the funds are authorized to be appropriated.
(B)No funds withheld under this section from apportionment to any State after September 30, 2000, shall be available for apportionment to the State.
(2)If, before the last day of the period for which funds withheld under subsection (a) from apportionment are to remain available for apportionment to a State under paragraph (1), the State meets the requirement of subsection (a)(3), the Secretary shall, on the first day on which the State meets the requirement, apportion to the State the funds withheld under subsection (a) that remain available for apportionment to the State.
(3)Any funds apportioned pursuant to paragraph (2) shall remain available for expenditure until the end of the third fiscal year following the fiscal year in which the funds are so apportioned. Sums not obligated at the end of that period shall lapse.
(4)If, at the end of the period for which funds withheld under subsection (a) from apportionment are available for apportionment to a State under paragraph (1), the State does not meet the requirement of subsection (a)(3), the funds shall lapse.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

References in Text

section 104, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was amended generally by Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, § 1105(a), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 427.

Amendments

2012—Subsec. (a)(1), (2). Pub. L. 112–141 redesignated par. (2) as (1), substituted “Prior to fiscal year 2012” for “Thereafter” in par. heading, inserted “through fiscal year 2011” after “each fiscal year thereafter” in text, added par. (2), and struck out former par. (1). Prior to amendment, text of par. (1) read as follows: “The Secretary shall withhold 5 percent of the amount required to be apportioned to any State under each of paragraphs (1), (3), and (4) of section 104(b) on October 1, 1998, if the State does not meet the requirement of paragraph (3) on that date.” 1998—Subsec. (a)(1), (2). Pub. L. 105–178 substituted “paragraphs (1), (3), and (4) of section 104(b)” for “paragraphs (1), (3), and (5)(B) of section 104(b)”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 2012 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 112–141 effective Oct. 1, 2012, see section 3(a) of Pub. L. 112–141, set out as an Effective and Termination Dates of 2012 Amendment note under section 101 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

23 U.S.C. § 161

Title 23Highways

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73