§2106 — Title 26 Internal Revenue Code | U.S. Code

Summary

Figure the taxable estate for a person who was not a U.S. citizen and lived outside the U.S. by taking the value of the part of their property that was in the United States when they died and subtracting certain allowed deductions. Some deductions are taken in proportion to how much of the total estate was in the U.S. These include many of the ordinary estate deductions listed in sections 2053 and 2054. Gifts or promises that count more like a bequest are treated under the rules for charitable and similar gifts instead of the regular deduction rules. Full deductions are allowed for certain gifts to the U.S., state or local governments, qualifying domestic charities, and some trusts or fraternal groups when the gifts must be used in the United States for religious, charitable, scientific, literary, educational, or animal/child-welfare purposes and meet the limits in section 501(c)(3). Other rules apply about powers of appointment (section 2041), taxes paid from gifts, limits so you can’t deduct more than the property’s value, valuation timing (section 2032), marital deductions (section 2056), and state death taxes (section 2058). The executor must report the value of the part of the estate outside the U.S. on the return under section 6018, or the proportional and charitable deductions above cannot be taken.

Title 26, §2106

Internal Revenue Code — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)For purposes of the tax imposed by section 2101, the value of the taxable estate of every decedent nonresident not a citizen of the United States shall be determined by deducting from the value of that part of his gross estate which at the time of his death is situated in the United States—

(1)That proportion of the deductions specified in section 2053 and 2054 (other than the deductions described in the following sentence) which the value of such part bears to the value of his entire gross estate, wherever situated. Any deduction allowable under section 2053 in the case of a claim against the estate which was founded on a promise or agreement but was not contracted for an adequate and full consideration in money or money’s worth shall be allowable under this paragraph to the extent that it would be allowable as a deduction under paragraph (2) if such promise or agreement constituted a bequest.

(2)(A)The amount of all bequests, legacies, devises, or transfers (including the interest which falls into any such bequest, legacy, devise, or transfer as a result of an irrevocable disclaimer of a bequest, legacy, devise, transfer, or power, if the disclaimer is made before the date prescribed for the filing of the estate tax return)—

(i)to or for the use of the United States, any State, any political subdivision thereof, or the District of Columbia, for exclusively public purposes;

(ii)to or for the use of any domestic corporation organized and operated exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, literary, or educational purposes, including the encouragement of art and the prevention of cruelty to children or animals, no part of the net earnings of which inures to the benefit of any private stockholder or individual, which is not disqualified for tax exemption under section 501(c)(3) by reason of attempting to influence legislation, and which does not participate in, or intervene in (including the publishing or distributing of statements), any political campaign on behalf of (or in opposition to) any candidate for public office; or

(iii)to a trustee or trustees, or a fraternal society, order, or association operating under the lodge system, but only if such contributions or gifts are to be used within the United States by such trustee or trustees, or by such fraternal society, order, or association, exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, literary, or educational purposes, or for the prevention of cruelty to children or animals, such trust, fraternal society, order, or association would not be disqualified for tax exemption under section 501(c)(3) by reason of attempting to influence legislation, and such trustee or trustees, or such fraternal society, order, or association, does not participate in, or intervene in (including the publishing or distributing of statements), any political campaign on behalf of (or in opposition to) any candidate for public office;

(B)Property includible in the decedent’s gross estate under section 2041 (relating to powers of appointment) received by a donee described in this paragraph shall, for purposes of this paragraph, be considered a bequest of such decedent.

(C)If the tax imposed by section 2101, or any estate, succession, legacy, or inheritance taxes, are, either by the terms of the will, by the law of the jurisdiction under which the estate is administered, or by the law of the jurisdiction imposing the particular tax, payable in whole or in part out of the bequests, legacies, or devises otherwise deductible under this paragraph, then the amount deductible under this paragraph shall be the amount of such bequests, legacies, or devises reduced by the amount of such taxes.

(D)The amount of the deduction under this paragraph for any transfer shall not exceed the value of the transferred property required to be included in the gross estate.

(E)The provisions of section 2055(e) shall be applied in the determination of the amount allowable as a deduction under this paragraph.

(F)(i)For option as to time for valuation for purposes of deduction under this section, see section 2032.

(ii)For exemption of certain bequests for the benefit of the United States and for rules of construction for certain bequests, see section 2055(g).

(iii)For treatment of gifts and bequests to or for the use of Indian tribal governments (or their subdivisions), see section 7871.

(3)The amount which would be deductible with respect to property situated in the United States at the time of the decedent’s death under the principles of section 2056.

(4)The amount which bears the same ratio to the State death taxes as the value of the property, as determined for purposes of this chapter, upon which State death taxes were paid and which is included in the gross estate under section 2103 bears to the value of the total gross estate under section 2103. For purposes of this paragraph, the term “State death taxes” means the taxes described in section 2058(a).

(b)No deduction shall be allowed under paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (a) in the case of a nonresident not a citizen of the United States unless the executor includes in the return required to be filed under section 6018 the value at the time of his death of that part of the gross estate of such nonresident not situated in the United States.

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 115–141 inserted “section” before “2058(a).” 2014—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 113–295 substituted “2058(a)” for “section 2011(a)”. 2001—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 107–16 added par. (4). 1989—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 101–239 struck out “allowed where spouse is citizen” after “deduction” in heading. 1988—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 100–647 added par. (3). 1987—Subsec. (a)(2)(A)(ii), (iii). Pub. L. 100–203 inserted “(or in opposition to)” after “on behalf of”. 1986—Subsec. (a)(2)(F)(ii). Pub. L. 99–514 substituted “section 2055(g)” for “section 2055(f)”. 1983—Subsec. (a)(2)(F). Pub. L. 97–473 substituted “(i)” and “(ii)” for “(1)” and “(2)”, respectively, and added cl. (iii). 1976—Subsec. (a)(2)(A)(i). Pub. L. 94–455, § 1902(a)(12)(A), struck out “Territory” after “any State”. Subsec. (a)(2)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 94–455, § 1307(d)(1)(B)(iii), substituted “which is not disqualified for tax exemption under section 501(c)(3) by reason of attempting to influence legislation” for “no substantial part of the activities of which is carrying on propaganda, or otherwise attempting, to influence legislation” after “stockholder or individual”. Subsec. (a)(2)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 94–455, § 1307(d)(1)(C), substituted “such trust, fraternal society, order, or association would not be disqualified for tax exemption under section 501(c)(3) by reason of attempting to influence legislation” for “no substantial part of the activities of such trustee or trustees, or of such fraternal society, order, or association, is carrying on propaganda, or otherwise attempting, to influence legislation” after “children or animals”. Subsec. (a)(2)(F). Pub. L. 94–455, § 1902(a)(5)(A), substituted “Cross references” for “Other cross references” after “(F)”, in cl. (1) “purposes of deduction under this section” for “purpose of deduction under this paragraph” after “valuation for”, in cl. (2) provision for exemption of certain bequests for benefit of United States and for rules of

Construction

for certain bequests, for provisions of cls. (2) to (11) relating to bequests to; Library of Congress, Post Office Department, Office of Naval Records and Library, National Park Service, Department of State, Department of Justice, payment of tax on bequests of United States obligations, Naval Academy, Naval Academy Museum, and National Archives Trust Fund Board, respectively. Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 94–455, § 2001(c)(1)(F), struck out par. (3) relating to specific exemption in case of decedents nonresidents not citizens. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 94–455, § 1902(a)(5)(B), struck out subsec. (c) relating to treatment of United States bonds in determining gross estate of a decedent who was not engaged in business in the United States at the time of his death. 1969—Subsec. (a)(2)(A)(ii), (iii). Pub. L. 91–172, § 201(d)(4)(B), inserted non-participation and non-intervention in political campaigns as an additional qualification. Subsec. (a)(2)(E). Pub. L. 91–172, § 201(d)(2), substituted substantive provisions for simple reference to section 503 and 681 of this title in which such substantive provisions were formerly set out. 1966—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 89–809 substituted “$30,000” for “$2,000” as size of exemption in subpar. (A) and “$30,000” for “$2,000” as item (i) in formula set out in subpar. (B). 1960—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 86–779 designated existing provisions as subpar. (A) and added subpar. (B). 1958—Subsec. (a)(2)(E). Pub. L. 85–866 substituted “503” for “504”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 2014 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 113–295 effective Dec. 19, 2014, subject to a

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, see section 221(b) of Pub. L. 113–295, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Effective Date

of 2001 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 107–16 applicable to estates of decedents dying, and generation-skipping transfers, after Dec. 31, 2004, see section 532(d) of Pub. L. 107–16, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1989 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 101–239 effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provision of the Technical and Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1988, Pub. L. 100–647, to which such amendment relates, see section 7817 of Pub. L. 101–239, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1988 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–647 applicable to estates of decedents dying after Nov. 10, 1988, see section 5033(d)(1) of Pub. L. 100–647, set out as a note under section 2056 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–203 applicable with respect to activities after Dec. 22, 1987, see section 10711(c) of Pub. L. 100–203, set out as a note under section 170 of this title.

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of 1986 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 99–514 applicable to transfers and contributions made after Dec. 31, 1986, see section 1422(e) of Pub. L. 99–514, set out as a note under section 2055 of this title.

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of 1983 AmendmentFor

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of amendment by Pub. L. 97–473, see section 204(3) of Pub. L. 97–473, set out as an

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note under section 7871 of this title.

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of 1976 AmendmentAmendment by section 1902(a)(5), (12)(A) of Pub. L. 94–455 applicable in the case of estates of decedents dying after Oct. 4, 1976, see section 1902(c)(1) of Pub. L. 94–455, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title. Amendment by section 2001(c)(1)(F) of Pub. L. 94–455 applicable to estates of decedents dying after Dec. 31, 1976, see section 2001(d)(1) of Pub. L. 94–455, set out as a note under section 2001 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1969 AmendmentAmendment by section 201(d)(2) of Pub. L. 91–172 applicable in the case of decedents dying after Dec. 31, 1969, with specified exceptions, see section 201(g)(4) of Pub. L. 91–172, set out as a note under section 170 of this title. Amendment by section 201(d)(4)(B) of Pub. L. 91–172 applicable to gifts and transfers made after Dec. 31, 1969, see section 201(g)(4) of Pub. L. 91–172, set out as a note under section 170 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1966 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 89–809 applicable with respect to estates of decedents dying after Nov. 13, 1966, see section 108(i) of Pub. L. 89–809, set out as a note under section 2101 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1960 Amendment Pub. L. 86–779, § 4(e)(2), Sept. 14, 1960, 74 Stat. 1000, provided that: “The

Amendments

made by subsections (b) and (c) [enacting section 2209 of this title and amending this section] shall apply with respect to estates of decedents dying after the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 14, 1960].” Application of

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by section 5033 of Pub. L. 100–647 to Estates of, or Gifts by, Noncitizen and Nonresident IndividualsFor provisions directing that in the case of the estate of, or gift by, an individual who was not a citizen or resident of the United States but was a resident of a foreign country with which the United States has a tax treaty with respect to estate, inheritance, or gift taxes, the

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made by section 5033 of Pub. L. 100–647 shall not apply to the extent such

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would be inconsistent with the provisions of such treaty relating to estate, inheritance, or gift tax marital deductions, but that in the case of the estate of an individual dying before the date 3 years after Dec. 19, 1989, or a gift by an individual before the date 3 years after Dec. 19, 1989, the requirement of the preceding provision that the individual not be a citizen or resident of the United States shall not apply, see section 7815(d)(14) of Pub. L. 101–239, set out as a note under section 2056 of this title.

§2106 Taxable estate

Summary

Title 26, §2106

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