Amendments
2003—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 108–121 inserted “, astronauts,” after “Forces”. 2002—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 107–134 inserted “and victims of certain terrorist attacks” before “on death”. 1986—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 99–514, § 701(e)(4)(A), amended par. (4) generally, substituting “alternative minimum tax” for “minimum tax for taxpayers other than corporations”. Subsec. (b)(2), (3). Pub. L. 99–514, § 141(b)(2), struck out par. (2) which read: “For limitation on tax where an individual chooses the benefits of income averaging, see
section 1301.” and redesignated former par. (3) as (2). 1982—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 97–248, § 201(d)(4), formerly § 201(c)(4), substituted “
section 55” for “
section 55 and
56”. 1980—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 96–222 substituted “
section 55 and
56” for “
section 55”. 1978—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 95–600, § 401(b)(2), redesignated par. (4) as (3). Former par. (3), relating to the alternative tax in the case of capital gains, was struck out. Subsec. (a)(4), (5). Pub. L. 95–600, §§ 401(b)(2), 421(e)(1), redesignated par. (5) as (4) and substituted “taxpayers other than corporations, see
section 55” for “preferences, see
section 56”. Former par. (4) redesignated (3). 1976—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94–455 redesignated pars. (2), (3), and (4), as (1), (2), (3), respectively, and struck out former par. (1) which referred to
section 632 for limitation on tax attributable to sales of oil or gas properties and par. (5) which referred to
section 1347 for limitation on tax attributable to claims against the U.S. involving acquisition of property. 1969—Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 91–172, § 301(b)(2), added par. (5). Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 91–172, § 803(d)(6), substituted “tax” for “surtax” in pars. (1) and (5). 1964—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 88–272 redesignated pars. (2), (3), (4), (7) and (8) as pars. (1) to (5), respectively, substituted “where an individual chooses the benefits of income averaging” for “with respect to compensation for longterm services” in par. (3), and struck out former pars. (1), (5) and (6) which referred to tax attributable to receipt of lump sum under annuity, endowment, or life insurance contract, to income from artistic work or inventions, and to back pay, respectively.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
of 2003 Amendment Pub. L. 108–121, title I, § 110(a)(4), Nov. 11, 2003, 117 Stat. 1342, provided that: “The
Amendments
made by this subsection [amending this section and
section 692 and
6013 of this title] shall apply with respect to any astronaut whose death occurs after December 31, 2002.”
Effective Date
of 2002 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 107–134 applicable to taxable years ending before, on, or after Sept. 11, 2001, with provisions relating to waiver of limitations, see
section 101(d) of Pub. L. 107–134, set out as a note under
section 692 of this title.
Effective Date
of 1986 AmendmentAmendment by
section 141(b)(2) of Pub. L. 99–514 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1986, see
section 151(a) of Pub. L. 99–514, set out as a note under
section 1 of this title. Amendment by
section 701(e)(4)(A) of Pub. L. 99–514 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1986, with certain exceptions and qualifications, see
section 701(f) of Pub. L. 99–514, set out as an
Effective Date
note under
section 55 of this title.
Effective Date
of 1982 Amendment Pub. L. 97–248, title II, § 201(e)(1), Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 421, provided that: “The
Amendments
made by this section [amending this section and
section 46, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 173, 174, 511, 616, 617, 897, 901, 936, 1016, 6015, 6362, 6654, and 7701 of this title] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1982.”
Effective Date
of 1980 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 96–222 effective, except as otherwise provided, as if it had been included in the provisions of the Revenue Act of 1978, Pub. L. 95–600, to which such amendment relates, see
section 201 of Pub. L. 96–222, set out as a note under
section 32 of this title.
Effective Date
of 1978 AmendmentAmendment by
section 401(b)(2) of Pub. L. 95–600 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1978, see
section 401(c) of Pub. L. 95–600, set out as a note under
section 3 of this title. Pub. L. 95–600, title IV, § 421(g), Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2877, provided that: “The
Amendments
made by this section [enacting
section 55 of this title and amending this section and
section 57, 58, 443, 511, 666, 871, 877, 904, 6015, 6362, and 6654 of this title] shall apply to taxable years beginning after
December 31, 1978, except that the amendment made by paragraph (1) of subsection (b) [amending
section 57 of this title] shall apply to sales and exchanges made after
July 26, 1978, in taxable years ending after such date.”
Effective Date
of 1969 Amendment Pub. L. 91–172, title III, § 301(c), Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 586, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, § 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that: “The
Amendments
made by this section [enacting sections
56 to
58 of this title and amending this section and
section 12, 46, 51, 443, 453, 511, 901, 1373, 1375, 6015, and 6654 of this title] shall apply to taxable years ending after
December 31, 1969. In the case of a taxable year beginning in 1969 and ending in 1970, the tax imposed by
section 56 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] (as added by subsection (a)) shall be an amount equal to the tax imposed by such section (determined without regard to this sentence) multiplied by a fraction— “(1) the numerator of which is the number of days in the taxable year occurring after
December 31, 1969, and “(2) the denominator of which is the number of days in the entire taxable year.” Amendment by
section 803(d)(6) of Pub. L. 91–172 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1970, see
section 803(f) of Pub. L. 91–172, set out as a note under
section 1 of this title.
Effective Date
of 1964 Amendment Pub. L. 88–272, title II, § 232(g), Feb. 26, 1964, 78 Stat. 112, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, § 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that: “(1) General rule.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the
Amendments
made by this section [enacting sections
1301 to
1305, amending this section and
section 4, 72, 144, 402, 403, 6511, and omitting former sections
1301 to
1307 of this title] shall apply with respect to taxable years beginning after
December 31, 1963. “(2) Income from an employment.—If, in a taxable year beginning after
December 31, 1963, an individual or partnership receives or accrues compensation from an employment (as defined by
section 1301(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] as in effect immediately before the enactment of this Act [Feb. 26, 1964] and the employment began before
February 6, 1963, the tax attributable to such compensation may, at the election of the taxpayer, be computed under the provisions of
section 1301 and
1307 of such Code as in effect immediately before the enactment of this Act. If a taxpayer so elects (at such time and in such manner as the Secretary of the Treasury or his delegate by
Regulations
prescribes), he may not choose for such taxable year the benefits provided by part I of subchapter Q of chapter 1 of such Code (relating to income averaging) as amended by this Act and (if he elects to have subsection (e) of such
section 1307 apply)
section 170(b)(5) of such Code as amended by this Act shall not apply to charitable contributions paid in such taxable year.” Applicability of Certain
Amendments
by Pub. L. 99–514 in Relation to Treaty Obligations of United StatesFor applicability of amendment by
section 701(e)(4)(A) of Pub. L. 99–514 notwithstanding any treaty obligation of the United States in effect on Oct. 22, 1986, see
section 1012(aa)(2) of Pub. L. 100–647, set out as a note under
section 861 of this title.