Title 28Judiciary and Judicial ProcedureRelease 119-73

§1691 Seal and teste of process

Title 28 › Part PART V— - PROCEDURE › Chapter CHAPTER 113— - PROCESS › § 1691

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Full Legal Text

Title 28, §1691

Judiciary and Judicial Procedure — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

All writs and process issuing from a court of the United States shall be under the seal of the court and signed by the clerk thereof.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Historical and Revision Notes

Based on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 721 (R.S. § 911; Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 291, 36 Stat. 1167). Provisions as to teste of process issuing from the district courts were omitted as superseded by Rule 4 (b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Provision for teste of the Chief Justice of writs and process was omitted as unnecessary. A provision requiring the United States to bear the expense of providing seals was omitted as unnecessary and obsolete. Changes were made in phraseology.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Immunity From Seizure Under Judicial Process of Cultural Objects Imported for Temporary Exhibition or DisplayPresidential determination of cultural significance of objects and exhibition or display thereof in the national interest, see section 2459 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

28 U.S.C. § 1691

Title 28Judiciary and Judicial Procedure

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73