Title 28Judiciary and Judicial ProcedureRelease 119-73

§89 Florida

Title 28 › Part PART I— - ORGANIZATION OF COURTS › Chapter CHAPTER 5— - DISTRICT COURTS › § 89

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

Divide Florida into three judicial districts called the Northern, Middle, and Southern Districts. The Northern District covers the northern counties (for example Alachua and Leon) and holds court at Gainesville, Marianna, Panama City, Pensacola, and Tallahassee. The Middle District covers central and northeast counties (for example Duval and Hillsborough) and holds court at Fernandina, Fort Myers, Jacksonville, Live Oak, Ocala, Orlando, Saint Petersburg, and Tampa. The Southern District covers southeast counties (for example Dade and Broward) and holds court at Fort Lauderdale, Fort Pierce, Key West, Miami, and West Palm Beach.

Full Legal Text

Title 28, §89

Judiciary and Judicial Procedure — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

Florida is divided into three judicial districts to be known as the Northern, Middle, and Southern Districts of Florida. Northern District (a) The Northern District comprises the counties of Alachua, Bay, Calhoun, Dixie, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gilchrist, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Lafayette, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Madison, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Court for the Northern District shall be held at Gainesville, Marianna, Panama City, Pensacola, and Tallahassee. Middle District (b) The Middle District comprises the counties of Baker, Bradford, Brevard, Charlotte, Citrus, Clay, Collier, Columbia, De Soto, Duval, Flagler, Glades, Hamilton, Hardee, Hendry, Hernando, Hillsborough, Lake, Lee, Manatee, Marion, Nassau, Orange, Osceola, Pasco, Pinellas, Polk, Putnam, St. Johns, Sarasota, Seminole, Sumter, Suwannee, Union, and Volusia. Court for the Middle District shall be held at Fernandina, Fort Myers, Jacksonville, Live Oak, Ocala, Orlando, Saint Petersburg, and Tampa. Southern District (c) The Southern District comprises the counties of Broward, Dade, Highlands, Indian River, Martin, Monroe, Okeechobee, Palm Beach, and St. Lucie. Court for the Southern District shall be held at Fort Lauderdale, Fort Pierce, Key West, Miami, and West Palm Beach.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Historical and Revision Notes

Based on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 149 (Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 76, 36 Stat. 1108; June 15, 1933, ch. 77, 48 Stat. 147; Aug. 25, 1937, ch. 763, § 1, 50 Stat. 800). A provision requiring rooms and accommodations to be furnished at Orlando without cost to the United States was omitted as obsolete, upon advice of the Director of the Administrative Office for the United States Courts that Federal accommodations are now available in Orlando. A provision requiring court to be open at all times was omitted as covered by section 452 of this title. A provision that no deputy clerk or deputy marshal should be appointed at Fort Pierce, was omitted as incongruous with other sections of this title. See section 541 [see 561], 542 [see 561], and 751 of this title. The provision respecting court accommodations at Fort Pierce and Panama City was omitted as covered by section 142 of this title. Changes in arrangement and phraseology were made.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1988—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–702, § 1021(a)(1), added Collier, Glades, and Hendry to the counties comprising the Middle District. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–702, § 1021(a)(2), struck out Collier, Glades, and Hendry from the counties comprising the Southern District. 1978—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95–408, § 4(a)(1), added Madison to the counties comprising the Northern District. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 95–408, § 4(a)(2), struck out Madison from the counties comprising the Middle District. 1970—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 91–272 provided for holding court at Fort Lauderdale. 1962—Pub. L. 87–562 struck out provisions which authorized court for the Northern District to be held at Live Oak, and for the Southern District at Fernandina, Fort Myers, Jacksonville, Ocala, Orlando, and Tampa, and removed the counties of Baker, Bradford, Brevard, Charlotte, Citrus, Clay, Columbia, De Soto, Duval, Flagler, Hamilton, Hardee, Hernando, Hillsborough, Lake, Lee, Madison, Manatee, Marion, Nassau, Orange, Osceola, Pasco, Pinellas, Polk, Putnam, Saint Johns, Sarasota, Seminole, Sumter, Suwannee, Union, and Volusia from the Southern District and created the Middle District to comprise such counties. 1961—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 87–36 provided for holding court at Live Oak. 1952—Subsec. (b). Act July 17, 1952, provided for holding court at Fort Myers and West Palm Beach.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 1988 Amendment Pub. L. 100–702, title X, § 1021(b), (c), Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4672, provided that: “(b)

Effective Date

.—(1) The

Amendments

made by this section [amending this section] shall take effect 90 days after the date of enactment of this title [Nov. 19, 1988]. “(2) The

Amendments

made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to any action commenced in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida, or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, on or after the

Effective Date

of this title [probably should be

Effective Date

of this section], and shall not affect any action pending in either such court on such

Effective Date

. “(c) Juries.—The

Amendments

made by this section [amending this section] shall not affect the composition, or preclude the service, of any grand or petit jury summoned, empaneled, or actually serving on the

Effective Date

of this title [probably should be

Effective Date

of this section].”

Effective Date

of 1978 Amendment;

Savings Provision

Pub. L. 95–408, § 5, Oct. 2, 1978, 92 Stat. 885, provided that: “(a) The

Amendments

made by this Act [amending this section and section 93, 97, 98, 104, 112, 114, and 133 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 81 of this title] shall take effect 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 2, 1978]. “(b) Nothing in this Act shall affect the composition or preclude the service of any grand or petit juror summoned, empaneled, or actually serving in any judicial district on the

Effective Date

of this Act.”

Effective Date

of 1962 Amendment Pub. L. 87–562, § 5,
July 30, 1962, 76 Stat. 248, provided that: “This Act [amending this section and section 133 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 142 of this title] shall become effective ninety days after the date of enactment [
July 30, 1962].” District Judges, United States Attorneys, and United States Marshals Designations; Tenure; Appointments Pub. L. 87–562, § 2,
July 30, 1962, 76 Stat. 248, provided that: “(a) The district judge appointed
September 26, 1950, the district judge appointed
August 13, 1955, and the district judge appointed
March 8, 1961, all for the Southern District of Florida, shall hereafter be designated as district judges for the Middle District of Florida. “(b) The district judge for the Northern and Southern Districts of Florida shall hereafter be designated as the district judge for the Northern, Middle, and Southern Districts of Florida. “(c) Nothing in this Act [amending this section and section 133 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 142 of this title] shall in any manner affect the tenure of office of the United States Attorney and the United States Marshal for the Northern District of Florida who are in office at the time of the enactment of this Act [
July 30, 1962], and who shall be during the remainder of their present terms of office the United States Attorney and Marshal for such district as constituted by this Act. “(d) Nothing in this Act [amending this section and section 133 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 142 of this title] shall in any manner affect the tenure of office of the United States Attorney and the United States Marshal for the Southern District of Florida who are in office at the time of the enactment of this Act [
July 30, 1962], and who shall be during the remainder of their present terms of office the United States Attorney and Marshal for the Middle District of Florida as constituted by this Act. “(e) The President is authorized to appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, a United States Attorney and a United States Marshal for the Southern District of Florida.” Elimination of District Judgeship for Northern, Middle, and Southern Districts of FloridaDistrict judgeship for northern, middle, and southern districts changed to district judgeship for middle district only, see section 2(b) of Pub. L. 89–372, set out as a note under section 133 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

28 U.S.C. § 89

Title 28Judiciary and Judicial Procedure

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73