Title 31Money and FinanceRelease 119-73

§1111 Improving economy and efficiency

Title 31 › Subtitle SUBTITLE II— - THE BUDGET PROCESS › Chapter CHAPTER 11— - THE BUDGET AND FISCAL, BUDGET, AND PROGRAM INFORMATION › § 1111

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

The President must study each agency and can send Congress recommendations about changes to how agencies are organized and work, their budgets, which duties go to which parts, and how services are grouped. The President must also create better plans to organize, coordinate, and manage the executive branch.

Full Legal Text

Title 31, §1111

Money and Finance — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

To improve economy and efficiency in the United States Government, the President shall—
(1)make a study of each agency to decide, and may send Congress recommendations, on changes that should be made in—
(A)the organization, activities, and business methods of agencies;
(B)agency appropriations;
(C)the assignment of particular activities to particular services; and
(D)regrouping of services; and
(2)evaluate and develop improved plans for the organization, coordination, and management of the executive branch of the Government.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 111131:18.June 10, 1921, ch. 18, § 209, 42 Stat. 22; Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1939, eff. July 1, 1939, § 1, 53 Stat. 1423; Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1970, eff. July 1, 1970, § 102(a), 84 Stat. 2085. 31:18a.Sept. 12, 1950, ch. 946, § 104, 64 Stat. 834; Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1970, eff. July 1, 1970, § 102(a), 84 Stat. 2085. In the section, before clause (1), the words “To improve economy and efficiency in the United States Government” are substituted for “(with a view of securing greater economy and efficiency in the conduct of the public service)” in 31:18 and “with a view to efficient and economical service” in 31:18a to eliminate unnecessary words. The word “President” is substituted for “Office of Management and Budget, when directed by the President” in 31:18 and “President, through the Director of the Office of Management and Budget” in 31:18a because section 101 and 102(a) of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1970 (eff. July 1, 1970, 84 Stat. 2085) designated the Bureau of the Budget as the Office of Management and Budget and transferred all functions of the Bureau to the President. In clause (1), the words “existing” and “detailed” are omitted as surplus.

Executive Documents

Regulatory Reductions For provisions requiring executive departments and agencies to undertake to eliminate not less than 50 percent of its civilian internal management

Regulations

not required by law, see Ex. Ord. No. 12861, Sept. 11, 1993, 58 F.R. 48255, set out as a note under section 601 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

31 U.S.C. § 1111

Title 31Money and Finance

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73