Title 35PatentsRelease 119-73

§134 Appeal to the Patent Trial and Appeal Board

Title 35 › Part PART II— - PATENTABILITY OF INVENTIONS AND GRANT OF PATENTS › Chapter CHAPTER 12— - EXAMINATION OF APPLICATION › § 134

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

After paying the appeal fee once, twice-rejected patent applicants or reexamination patent owners after a final rejection can appeal to the Patent Trial and Appeal Board.

Full Legal Text

Title 35, §134

Patents — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)An applicant for a patent, any of whose claims has been twice rejected, may appeal from the decision of the primary examiner to the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, having once paid the fee for such appeal.
(b)A patent owner in a reexamination may appeal from the final rejection of any claim by the primary examiner to the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, having once paid the fee for such appeal.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Historical and Revision Notes

Based on Title 35, U.S.C., 1946 ed., § 57 (R.S. 4909 amended (1) Mar. 2, 1927, ch. 273, § 5, 44 Stat. 1335, 1336, (2) Aug. 5, 1939, ch. 451, § 2, 53 Stat. 1212). Reference to reissues is omitted in view of the general provision in section 251. Minor changes in language are made.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2011—Pub. L. 112–29, § 3(j)(3), amended section catchline generally. Prior to amendment, section catchline read as follows: “Appeal to the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences”. Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–29, § 3(j)(1), substituted “Patent Trial and Appeal Board” for “Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 112–29, § 7(b)(1), substituted “a reexamination” for “any reexamination proceeding”. Pub. L. 112–29, § 3(j)(1), substituted “Patent Trial and Appeal Board” for “Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 112–29, § 7(b)(2), struck out subsec. (c). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “A third-party requester in an inter partes proceeding may appeal to the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences from the final decision of the primary examiner favorable to the patentability of any original or proposed amended or new claim of a patent, having once paid the fee for such appeal.” 2002—Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 107–273, § 13202(b)(1), substituted “primary examiner” for “administrative patent judge”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–273, § 13202(b)(1), substituted “primary examiner” for “administrative patent judge”. Pub. L. 107–273, § 13106(b), struck out at end “The third-party requester may not appeal the decision of the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences.” 1999—Pub. L. 106–113 reenacted section catchline without change and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “An applicant for a patent, any of whose claims has been twice rejected, may appeal from the decision of the primary examiner to the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences, having once paid the fee for such appeal.” 1984—Pub. L. 98–622 substituted “Patent Appeals and Interferences” for “Appeals” in section catchline and text.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 2011 AmendmentAmendment by section 3(j)(1), (3) of Pub. L. 112–29 effective upon the expiration of the 18-month period beginning on Sept. 16, 2011, and applicable to certain applications for patent and any patents issuing thereon, see section 3(n) of Pub. L. 112–29, set out as an

Effective Date

of 2011 Amendment;

Savings Provision

s note under section 100 of this title. Amendment by section 7(b) of Pub. L. 112–29 effective upon the expiration of the 1-year period beginning on Sept. 16, 2011, and applicable to proceedings commenced on or after that

Effective Date

, with certain exceptions, see section 7(e) of Pub. L. 112–29, set out as a note under section 6 of this title.

Effective Date

of 2002 Amendment Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title III, § 13106(d), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1901, provided that: “The

Amendments

made by this section [amending this section and section 141 and 315 of this title] apply with respect to any reexamination proceeding commenced on or after the date of enactment of this Act [Nov. 2, 2002].”

Effective Date

of 1999 Amendment Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title III, § 13202(d), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1902, provided that: “The

Amendments

made by section 4605(b), (c), and (e) of the Intellectual Property and Communications Omnibus Reform Act, as enacted by section 1000(a)(9) of Public Law 106–113 [amending this section and section 141 and 145 of this title], shall apply to any reexamination filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office on or after the date of enactment of Public Law 106–113 [Nov. 29, 1999].” Amendment by Pub. L. 106–113 effective Nov. 29, 1999, and applicable to any patent issuing from an original application filed in the United States on or after that date, see section 1000(a)(9) [title IV, § 4608(a)] of Pub. L. 106–113, set out as a note under section 41 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1984 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 98–622 effective three months after Nov. 8, 1984, see section 207 of Pub. L. 98–622, set out as a note under section 41 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

35 U.S.C. § 134

Title 35Patents

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73