§2157 Additional export criterion and procedures

Summary

The United States can keep exporting source material, special nuclear material, production or use facilities, and sensitive nuclear technology to countries that do not have nuclear weapons only if those countries keep IAEA safeguards on all their peaceful nuclear activities that are under their control when the export happens. The President must try to get those countries to follow this rule. That rule applies to export requests filed after eighteen months from March 10, 1978, or when the first export would happen at least twenty-four months after March 10, 1978. There is an exception if the President says refusing the export would seriously harm U.S. nonproliferation goals or security. In that case a license can be issued, but exports of facilities or fuel for them cannot occur until the first such license is sent to Congress with a full explanation and given sixty days of continuous session for review and sent to the House and Senate foreign affairs committees. If Congress passes a concurrent resolution opposing the export in that 60-day period, the export is blocked. If Congress does not oppose it, the safeguard rule is relaxed for that country, but the first license after twelve months from the end of the 60-day review and the first license each year after must be sent to Congress for review. If Congress later disapproves during any review, exports are stopped under the earlier rules for the rest of that Congress unless the country meets the safeguards or the President says there has been significant progress or foreign policy reasons require reconsideration and Congress does not object.