Title 42The Public Health and WelfareRelease 119-73

§7571 Establishment of standards

Title 42 › Chapter CHAPTER 85— - AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - EMISSION STANDARDS FOR MOVING SOURCES › Part Part B— - Aircraft Emission Standards › § 7571

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

Within 90 days after December 31, 1970, the Administrator must start a study of air pollution from aircraft. The study must check how aircraft emissions affect air quality across the country and whether technology can control them. The Administrator must propose emission rules as needed for any class of aircraft engines that he believes can cause pollution that might threaten public health or welfare. He must consult with the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration, avoid changes that would greatly raise noise or hurt safety, hold public hearings (ideally where aircraft emissions hit hardest), and issue final rules within 90 days after proposing them. Rules can be changed later. Any rule must wait to take effect for the time the Administrator decides is needed, after talking with the Secretary of Transportation, to allow the needed technology to be developed and to consider compliance costs. The President may reject any aircraft rule that was in effect on August 7, 1977, or proposed later, but only after notice and a public hearing and after the Secretary of Transportation finds the rule would create a hazard to aircraft safety and gives a reasonably specific statement of why.

Full Legal Text

Title 42, §7571

The Public Health and Welfare — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)(1)Within 90 days after December 31, 1970, the Administrator shall commence a study and investigation of emissions of air pollutants from aircraft in order to determine—
(A)the extent to which such emissions affect air quality in air quality control regions throughout the United States, and
(B)the technological feasibility of controlling such emissions.
(2)(A)The Administrator shall, from time to time, issue proposed emission standards applicable to the emission of any air pollutant from any class or classes of aircraft engines which in his judgment causes, or contributes to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare.
(B)(i)The Administrator shall consult with the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration on aircraft engine emission standards.
(ii)The Administrator shall not change the aircraft engine emission standards if such change would significantly increase noise and adversely affect safety.
(3)The Administrator shall hold public hearings with respect to such proposed standards. Such hearings shall, to the extent practicable, be held in air quality control regions which are most seriously affected by aircraft emissions. Within 90 days after the issuance of such proposed regulations, he shall issue such regulations with such modifications as he deems appropriate. Such regulations may be revised from time to time.
(b)Any regulation prescribed under this section (and any revision thereof) shall take effect after such period as the Administrator finds necessary (after consultation with the Secretary of Transportation) to permit the development and application of the requisite technology, giving appropriate consideration to the cost of compliance within such period.
(c)Any regulations in effect under this section on August 7, 1977, or proposed or promulgated thereafter, or amendments thereto, with respect to aircraft shall not apply if disapproved by the President, after notice and opportunity for public hearing, on the basis of a finding by the Secretary of Transportation that any such regulation would create a hazard to aircraft safety. Any such finding shall include a reasonably specific statement of the basis upon which the finding was made.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1857f–9 of this title.

Amendments

1996—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 104–264 designated existing provisions as subpar. (A) and added subpar. (B). 1977—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 95–95, § 401(f), substituted “The Administrator shall, from time to time, issue proposed emission standards applicable to the emission of any air pollutant from any class or classes of aircraft engines which in his judgment causes, or contributes to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare” for “Within 180 days after commencing such study and investigation, the Administrator shall publish a report of such study and investigation and shall issue proposed emission standards applicable to emissions of any air pollutant from any class or classes of aircraft or aircraft engines which in his judgment cause or contribute to or are likely to cause or contribute to air pollution which endangers the public health or welfare”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 95–95, § 225, substituted “Any

Regulations

in effect under this section on August 7, 1977, or proposed or promulgated thereafter, or

Amendments

thereto, with respect to aircraft shall not apply if disapproved by the President, after notice and opportunity for public hearing, on the basis of a finding by the Secretary of Transportation that any such regulation would create a hazard to aircraft safety” for “Any

Regulations

under this section, or

Amendments

thereto, with respect to aircraft, shall be prescribed only after consultation with the Secretary of Transportation in order to assure appropriate consideration for aircraft safety” and inserted provision that findings include a reasonably specific statement of the basis upon which the finding was made.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 1996 AmendmentExcept as otherwise specifically provided, amendment by Pub. L. 104–264 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 1996, and not to be construed as affecting funds made available for a fiscal year ending before Oct. 1, 1996, see section 3 of Pub. L. 104–264, set out as a note under section 106 of Title 49, Transportation.

Effective Date

of 1977 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 95–95 effective Aug. 7, 1977, except as otherwise expressly provided, see section 406(d) of Pub. L. 95–95, set out as a note under section 7401 of this title. Modification or Rescission of Rules,

Regulations

, Orders, Determinations, Contracts, Certifications, Authorizations, Delegations, and Other ActionsAll rules,

Regulations

, orders, determinations, contracts, certifications, authorizations, delegations, or other actions duly issued, made, or taken by or pursuant to act
July 14, 1955, the Clean Air Act, as in effect immediately prior to the date of enactment of Pub. L. 95–95 [Aug. 7, 1977] to continue in full force and effect until modified or rescinded in accordance with act
July 14, 1955, as amended by Pub. L. 95–95 [this chapter], see section 406(b) of Pub. L. 95–95, set out as an

Effective Date

of 1977 Amendment note under section 7401 of this title. Study and Investigation of Uninstalled Aircraft Engines Pub. L. 101–549, title II, § 233, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2529, provided that: “(a) Study.—The Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency and the Secretary of Transportation, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, shall commence a study and investigation of the testing of uninstalled aircraft engines in enclosed test cells that shall address at a minimum the following issues and such other issues as they shall deem appropriate—“(1) whether technologies exist to control some or all emissions of oxides of nitrogen from test cells; “(2) the effectiveness of such technologies; “(3) the cost of implementing such technologies; “(4) whether such technologies affect the safety, design, structure, operation, or performance of aircraft engines; “(5) whether such technologies impair the effectiveness and accuracy of aircraft engine safety design, and performance tests conducted in test cells; and “(6) the impact of not controlling such oxides of nitrogen in the applicable nonattainment areas and on other sources, stationary and mobile, on oxides of nitrogen in such areas. “(b) Report, Authority To Regulate.—Not later than 24 months after enactment of the Clean Air Act

Amendments

of 1990 [Nov. 15, 1990], the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency and the Secretary of Transportation shall submit to Congress a report of the study conducted under this section. Following the completion of such study, any of the States may adopt or enforce any standard for emissions of oxides of nitrogen from test cells only after issuing a public notice stating whether such standards are in accordance with the findings of the study.”

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

42 U.S.C. § 7571

Title 42The Public Health and Welfare

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73