Title 7AgricultureRelease 119-73

§12c Disciplinary actions

Title 7 › Chapter CHAPTER 1— - COMMODITY EXCHANGES › § 12c

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

Exchanges can suspend, expel, deny access to, or otherwise discipline their members. If an exchange does not act, the Commission can do so. Any action must follow the exchange’s own rules. When an exchange starts such a proceeding, it must give written notice to the Commission and to the person within 30 days that explains the reasons in the form the Commission requires. The exchange must publish its findings and the penalty, but it must not release the supporting evidence except to the person involved and to the Commission. The Commission may review any exchange decision like these, and may also review other exchange actions if someone affected asks. After review the Commission can confirm, change, cancel, or send the decision back for more work based on whether it follows the law’s policies. The Commission can pause an exchange action while it reviews it. The Commission must also make rules that require each registered entity to publish a list of major rule violations, and may bar anyone found to have committed a major violation from serving on a governing board or disciplinary committee for a period the Commission decides.

Full Legal Text

Title 7, §12c

Agriculture — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)(1)Any exchange or the Commission if the exchange fails to act, may suspend, expel, or otherwise discipline any person who is a member of that exchange, or deny any person access to the exchange. Any such action shall be taken solely in accordance with the rules of that exchange.
(2)Any suspension, expulsion, disciplinary, or access denial procedure established by an exchange rule shall provide for written notice to the Commission and to the person who is suspended, expelled, or disciplined, or denied access, within thirty days, which includes the reasons for the exchange action in the form and manner the Commission prescribes. An exchange shall make public its findings and the reasons for the exchange action in any such proceeding, including the action taken or the penalty imposed, but shall not disclose the evidence therefor, except to the person who is suspended, expelled, or disciplined, or denied access, and to the Commission.
(b)The Commission may, in its discretion and in accordance with such standards and procedures as it deems appropriate, review any decision by an exchange whereby a person is suspended, expelled, otherwise disciplined, or denied access to the exchange. In addition, the Commission may, in its discretion and upon application of any person who is adversely affected by any other exchange action, review such action.
(c)The Commission may affirm, modify, set aside, or remand any exchange decision it reviews pursuant to subsection (b), after a determination on the record whether the action of the exchange was in accordance with the policies of this chapter. Subject to judicial review, any order of the Commission entered pursuant to subsection (b) shall govern the exchange in its further treatment of the matter.
(d)The Commission, in its discretion, may order a stay of any action taken pursuant to subsection (a) pending review thereof.
(e)(1)The Commission shall issue regulations requiring each registered entity to establish and make available to the public a schedule of major violations of any rule within the disciplinary jurisdiction of such registered entity.
(2)The regulations issued by the Commission pursuant to this subsection shall prohibit, for a period of time to be determined by the Commission, any individual who is found to have committed any major violation from service on the governing board of any registered entity or registered futures association, or on any disciplinary committee thereof.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2000—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 106–554 substituted “registered entity” for “contract market” wherever appearing. 1992—Pub. L. 102–546 redesignated pars. (1) to (4) as subsecs. (a) to (d), respectively, in subsec. (a) redesignated subpars. (A) and (B) as pars. (1) and (2), respectively, in subsec. (c) substituted references to subsection (b) for references to paragraph (2), in subsec. (d) substituted reference to subsection (a) for reference to paragraph (1), and added subsec. (e). 1978—Par. (1)(B). Pub. L. 95–405 substituted “An exchange shall make public its findings and the reasons for the exchange action in any such proceeding, including the action taken or the penalty imposed, but shall not disclose the evidence therefor, except to the person who is suspended, expelled, or disciplined or denied access, and to the Commission” for “Otherwise the notice and reasons shall be kept confidential”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 1978 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 95–405 effective Oct. 1, 1978, see section 28 of Pub. L. 95–405, set out as a note under section 2 of this title.

Effective Date

For

Effective Date

of section, see section 418 of Pub. L. 93–463, set out as an

Effective Date

of 1968 Amendment note under section 2 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

7 U.S.C. § 12c

Title 7Agriculture

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73