No Wipers Needed? NHTSA Eases Rules for Steering-Wheel-Free Autonomous Cars
Published Date: 3/16/2026
Proposed Rule
Summary
NHTSA is updating rules for windshield defrosting, defogging, wiping, and washing to better fit self-driving cars that don’t have steering wheels or pedals. These cars won’t have to follow old rules meant for human drivers, cutting costs and unnecessary requirements without hurting safety. The changes kick in about six months after the final rule, and manufacturers can still add these features if they want.
Analyzed Economic Effects
3 provisions identified: 2 benefits, 1 costs, 0 mixed.
Continued Manufacturer Safety Obligations
Even if ADS-only vehicles are excepted from FMVSS Nos. 103 and 104, manufacturers would still be responsible for ensuring ADS-equipped vehicles are free of unreasonable safety risks. NHTSA states that failing to monitor ADS sensor performance or to clear sensor obstructions could constitute a vehicle safety defect, and manufacturers would be expected to provide means for safe occupant egress.
ADS-Only Vehicles Excepted From Windshield Rules
NHTSA proposes to except vehicles equipped with Automated Driving Systems (ADS) that do not have manually operated driving controls from FMVSS No. 103 (defrosting/defogging) and FMVSS No. 104 (wiping/washing). The exception would apply to such vehicles if the final rule is adopted, with vehicles manufactured 180 days after publication of the final rule following the change.
Update to Industry Test Standards
NHTSA proposes to update incorporation by reference to newer SAE test standards: SAE J902 (2025) for defrosting/demisting, SAE J903 (2024) for windshield wipers, and SAE J942 (1999) for windshield washers. NHTSA says the updates will harmonize FMVSS Nos. 103 and 104 with current industry practices and requests comment on the changes.
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Key Dates
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