Protecting America’s Agricultural Land from Foreign Harm Act of 2025
Sponsored By: Representative Strong, Dale W. [R-AL-5]
Introduced
Summary
Blocks entities tied to China, Russia, Iran, and North Korea from buying or leasing U.S. agricultural land. The bill would also limit those entities' access to USDA programs and expand reporting, public data, and enforcement under the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act.
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
4 provisions identified: 2 benefits, 1 costs, 1 mixed.
Foreign adversaries blocked from farm land and USDA aid
If enacted, entities tied to Iran, North Korea, China, or Russia would be banned from buying or leasing U.S. farm and ranch land, public or private. The President could use emergency economic powers to enforce this, with strong penalties for knowing violations. Current covered owners would not be forced to sell, and non‑covered buyers could still buy or lease. Covered owners or lessees would also be barred from most USDA programs, with exceptions for food inspection, food safety, health and labor safety, and certain Farm Service Agency tasks. Anyone claiming U.S. citizenship or a green card to use an excluded program would need to show proof.
Tougher penalties and liens for AFIDA violations
If enacted, when USDA issues an AFIDA penalty, a lien would be placed on the farm or ranch land until the penalty is paid. This could make it harder to sell or refinance that land. The penalty formula would change so fines could be less than 15% or more than 30%, replacing the current 25% reference.
Stronger reporting and public data on foreign farm land
If enacted, more deals would need AFIDA reports, including any lease and security interests. Ranch land would count as agricultural land for reporting. Some companies whose stock trades mainly on exchanges in Iran, North Korea, China, or Russia would count as foreign persons. USDA would post data online within 30 days of each filing, showing prices, updated values, and owners with at least 1% interest. Owners, lenders, and lessees could face added reporting work, while the public would get more timely data.
New federal reports on foreign farm ownership
If enacted, the Director of National Intelligence would report within one year and then every two years on foreign influence in U.S. agriculture and investor motives. The Agriculture Secretary would report within one year and then every two years on risks and benefits in rural areas, misreporting, monitoring steps, and state and local roles, and would protect personal data. GAO would review AFIDA operations and report within one year on staffing, resources, enforcement gaps, and needed changes.
Sponsors & CoSponsors
Sponsor
Strong, Dale W. [R-AL-5]
AL • R
Cosponsors
Thompson (CA)
CA • D
Sponsored 2/18/2025
Rep. Nunn, Zachary [R-IA-3]
IA • R
Sponsored 2/18/2025
Rep. Moolenaar, John R. [R-MI-2]
MI • R
Sponsored 2/18/2025
Rep. Lawler, Michael [R-NY-17]
NY • R
Sponsored 2/18/2025
Rep. Donalds, Byron [R-FL-19]
FL • R
Sponsored 2/18/2025
Rep. Higgins, Clay [R-LA-3]
LA • R
Sponsored 2/18/2025
Rep. Moore, Barry [R-AL-1]
AL • R
Sponsored 2/18/2025
Franklin, Scott
FL • R
Sponsored 2/18/2025
Rep. Rogers, Mike D. [R-AL-3]
AL • R
Sponsored 2/18/2025
Rep. Arrington, Jodey C. [R-TX-19]
TX • R
Sponsored 2/18/2025
McGuire
VA • R
Sponsored 2/18/2025
Aderholt
AL • R
Sponsored 2/18/2025
Rep. Luna, Anna Paulina [R-FL-13]
FL • R
Sponsored 4/7/2025
Rep. Goodlander, Maggie [D-NH-2]
NH • D
Sponsored 8/8/2025
Kean
NJ • R
Sponsored 9/2/2025
Rep. Harshbarger, Diana [R-TN-1]
TN • R
Sponsored 10/17/2025
Rep. Vindman, Eugene Simon [D-VA-7]
VA • D
Sponsored 10/21/2025
Roll Call Votes
No roll call votes available for this bill.
View on Congress.gov