Protect and Serve Act of 2025
Sponsored By: Representative Rutherford
Introduced
Summary
Would create a new federal crime for attacking law enforcement officers. It would let federal prosecutors pursue cases in specific interstate, weapon-related, federal-property, or federal-officer situations, but only after written certification from the Attorney General or a designee.
Show full summary
- Law enforcement officers: Creates a federal offense for willfully causing serious bodily injury to a person because they are a law enforcement officer, or attempting to do so. Penalties would include up to 10 years in prison, and any term of years or life if death results or the offense involves kidnapping or an attempted killing.
- Scope of federal reach: Applies when the conduct occurs during travel across State or national borders or uses interstate commerce, when a firearm or weapon that traveled in interstate commerce is employed, when it happens on federal property, or when the victim is a Federal law enforcement officer.
- Federal prosecutorial check: Bars U.S. prosecution unless the Attorney General or a designee issues a written certification that a State requested federal jurisdiction or that federal prosecution is in the public interest and necessary to secure substantial justice. That certification must consider the State verdict or sentence, planning and premeditation, intended outcome, disregard for human life and collateral harm, and the public safety benefit of federal prosecution.
Adds definitions for “law enforcement officer” and “State,” and updates the chapter table to list the new section.
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
1 provisions identified: 1 benefits, 0 costs, 0 mixed.
New federal crime for attacking officers
If enacted, this would make it a federal crime to willfully injure someone because they are a law enforcement officer, or to try to do so. The penalty would be up to 10 years in prison, a fine, or both. If death results, or if the attack includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, or an attempt to kill, the penalty could be any term of years or life, plus fines. Federal charges would only proceed with a written sign-off by the Attorney General or a designee, unless a State asks for federal help; the decision would weigh state outcomes, planning, intended harm, danger to others, and public safety. The case would also need a federal link, like interstate travel or commerce, use of a weapon that crossed state lines, conduct on federal property, or a federal officer as the victim; “law enforcement officer” would include officers who investigate crimes or run jails.
Sponsors & CoSponsors
Sponsor
Rutherford
FL • R
Cosponsors
Rep. Gottheimer, Josh [D-NJ-5]
NJ • D
Sponsored 2/25/2025
Stauber
MN • R
Sponsored 2/25/2025
Rep. Golden, Jared F. [D-ME-2]
ME • D
Sponsored 2/25/2025
Hern (OK)
OK • R
Sponsored 2/25/2025
Fitzgerald
WI • R
Sponsored 2/25/2025
Rep. Smith, Christopher H. [R-NJ-4]
NJ • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Moore (NC)
NC • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Bean (FL)
FL • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
McDowell
NC • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Amodei (NV)
NV • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Rep. Gooden, Lance [R-TX-5]
TX • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Rep. Valadao, David G. [R-CA-22]
CA • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Rep. Deluzio, Christopher R. [D-PA-17]
PA • D
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Rep. Foxx, Virginia [R-NC-5]
NC • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Rep. Ezell, Mike [R-MS-4]
MS • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Franklin, Scott
FL • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Rep. Bacon, Don [R-NE-2]
NE • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Pfluger
TX • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
LaLota
NY • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Rep. Rogers, Mike D. [R-AL-3]
AL • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Hudson
NC • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Obernolte
CA • R
Sponsored 3/10/2025
Rep. Harrigan, Pat [R-NC-10]
NC • R
Sponsored 3/14/2025
Barr
KY • R
Sponsored 3/14/2025
Craig
MN • D
Sponsored 3/14/2025
Rep. Nunn, Zachary [R-IA-3]
IA • R
Sponsored 3/14/2025
Rep. Fitzpatrick, Brian K. [R-PA-1]
PA • R
Sponsored 3/14/2025
Rep. Diaz-Balart, Mario [R-FL-26]
FL • R
Sponsored 3/14/2025
LaHood
IL • R
Sponsored 3/14/2025
Rep. Finstad, Brad [R-MN-1]
MN • R
Sponsored 3/14/2025
Davis (NC)
NC • D
Sponsored 3/14/2025
Rep. Murphy, Gregory F. [R-NC-3]
NC • R
Sponsored 3/14/2025
Edwards
NC • R
Sponsored 3/14/2025
Rep. Lawler, Michael [R-NY-17]
NY • R
Sponsored 3/14/2025
Costa
CA • D
Sponsored 3/24/2025
Harris (NC)
NC • R
Sponsored 3/24/2025
Sessions
TX • R
Sponsored 3/24/2025
Rep. Guthrie, Brett [R-KY-2]
KY • R
Sponsored 3/24/2025
Rep. Gimenez, Carlos A. [R-FL-28]
FL • R
Sponsored 3/24/2025
Nehls
TX • R
Sponsored 3/24/2025
Balderson
OH • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Rep. Fischbach, Michelle [R-MN-7]
MN • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Rep. Meuser, Daniel [R-PA-9]
PA • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Rep. Miller, Max L. [R-OH-7]
OH • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Kiley (CA)
CA • I
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Rep. Calvert, Ken [R-CA-41]
CA • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Rep. Fry, Russell [R-SC-7]
SC • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Rep. Smith, Adrian [R-NE-3]
NE • R
Sponsored 4/7/2025
Rep. Gillen, Laura [D-NY-4]
NY • D
Sponsored 4/7/2025
Rep. Stefanik, Elise M. [R-NY-21]
NY • R
Sponsored 4/17/2025
Tiffany
WI • R
Sponsored 4/17/2025
Rep. Carey, Mike [R-OH-15]
OH • R
Sponsored 4/17/2025
Rep. Panetta, Jimmy [D-CA-19]
CA • D
Sponsored 4/17/2025
Rep. Boyle, Brendan F. [D-PA-2]
PA • D
Sponsored 4/28/2025
Sherrill
NJ • D
Sponsored 4/28/2025
Van Drew
NJ • R
Sponsored 4/28/2025
Rep. Bice, Stephanie I. [R-OK-5]
OK • R
Sponsored 4/28/2025
Hunt
TX • R
Sponsored 5/7/2025
Kean
NJ • R
Sponsored 5/8/2025
Rep. Harder, Josh [D-CA-9]
CA • D
Sponsored 5/13/2025
Gonzales, Tony
TX • R
Sponsored 5/13/2025
Rep. Perez, Marie Gluesenkamp [D-WA-3]
WA • D
Sponsored 5/19/2025
Rep. Vindman, Eugene Simon [D-VA-7]
VA • D
Sponsored 5/19/2025
Bresnahan
PA • R
Sponsored 5/19/2025
Rep. Tenney, Claudia [R-NY-24]
NY • R
Sponsored 5/19/2025
Kustoff
TN • R
Sponsored 6/5/2025
Rep. Williams, Roger [R-TX-25]
TX • R
Sponsored 6/5/2025
Rep. Rulli, Michael A. [R-OH-6]
OH • R
Sponsored 6/5/2025
Ciscomani
AZ • R
Sponsored 6/9/2025
Rep. Wagner, Ann [R-MO-2]
MO • R
Sponsored 6/9/2025
Van Duyne
TX • R
Sponsored 6/9/2025
Rep. Landsman, Greg [D-OH-1]
OH • D
Sponsored 6/9/2025
Rep. Garbarino, Andrew R. [R-NY-2]
NY • R
Sponsored 6/12/2025
Rep. Hinson, Ashley [R-IA-2]
IA • R
Sponsored 6/12/2025
Bost
IL • R
Sponsored 6/12/2025
Rep. Pappas, Chris [D-NH-1]
NH • D
Sponsored 6/12/2025
Norman
SC • R
Sponsored 6/12/2025
Rep. Newhouse, Dan [R-WA-4]
WA • R
Sponsored 6/12/2025
Rep. Kiggans, Jennifer A. [R-VA-2]
VA • R
Sponsored 6/24/2025
Rep. Malliotakis, Nicole [R-NY-11]
NY • R
Sponsored 6/24/2025
Schmidt
KS • R
Sponsored 6/24/2025
Rep. Letlow, Julia [R-LA-5]
LA • R
Sponsored 7/23/2025
Rep. Harris, Andy [R-MD-1]
MD • R
Sponsored 7/23/2025
Rep. Moran, Nathaniel [R-TX-1]
TX • R
Sponsored 7/23/2025
Turner (OH)
OH • R
Sponsored 8/5/2025
Rep. Walberg, Tim [R-MI-5]
MI • R
Sponsored 8/5/2025
Rep. Van Orden, Derrick [R-WI-3]
WI • R
Sponsored 9/15/2025
Rep. Davids, Sharice [D-KS-3]
KS • D
Sponsored 9/15/2025
Lee (FL)
FL • R
Sponsored 9/15/2025
Rep. Houlahan, Chrissy [D-PA-6]
PA • D
Sponsored 9/15/2025
Rep. McDonald Rivet, Kristen [D-MI-8]
MI • D
Sponsored 9/15/2025
Rep. Hamadeh, Abraham J. [R-AZ-8]
AZ • R
Sponsored 10/17/2025
Rep. Patronis, Jimmy [R-FL-1]
FL • R
Sponsored 10/17/2025
Evans (CO)
CO • R
Sponsored 12/15/2025
Fedorchak
ND • R
Sponsored 1/8/2026
Kelly (PA)
PA • R
Sponsored 2/10/2026
Rep. Correa, J. Luis [D-CA-46]
CA • D
Sponsored 2/10/2026
DesJarlais
TN • R
Sponsored 2/10/2026
Rep. Burchett, Tim [R-TN-2]
TN • R
Sponsored 2/10/2026
Cole
OK • R
Sponsored 2/10/2026
Rep. Tran, Derek [D-CA-45]
CA • D
Sponsored 2/10/2026
Rep. Mackenzie, Ryan [R-PA-7]
PA • R
Sponsored 2/10/2026
Rep. Fleischmann, Charles J. "Chuck" [R-TN-3]
TN • R
Sponsored 2/24/2026
Latta
OH • R
Sponsored 2/24/2026
Babin
TX • R
Sponsored 2/24/2026
Rep. Kim, Young [R-CA-40]
CA • R
Sponsored 4/14/2026
Rep. James, John [R-MI-10]
MI • R
Sponsored 4/14/2026
Rep. Fallon, Pat [R-TX-4]
TX • R
Sponsored 4/14/2026
Rep. Kaptur, Marcy [D-OH-9]
OH • D
Sponsored 4/14/2026
Rep. McCormick, Richard [R-GA-7]
GA • R
Sponsored 4/28/2026
Gray
CA • D
Sponsored 5/13/2026
Roll Call Votes
No roll call votes available for this bill.
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