All Roll Calls
Yes: 233 • No: 185
HR2189119th CongressWALLET
Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act
Sponsored By: Representative Fitzgerald
Passed House
Summary
Creates a federal definition and tax framework for less-than-lethal projectile devices. It sets rules to classify these tools, requires agency decisions within 90 days on submitted devices, and opens tax and regulatory exemptions.
Show full summary
- Law enforcement: Gives agencies a clear statutory category for de-escalation tools and a path to modernize equipment. The Attorney General must decide whether a submitted device fits the definition within 90 days.
- Manufacturers and owners: Adds tax exemptions for qualifying less-than-lethal devices and their shells or cartridges under Section 4182. It also broadens National Firearms Act exemptions to cover these devices and applies to articles sold after enactment.
- Transparency and oversight: Requires the Treasury Secretary to publish an annual public list of covered devices and a separate list for devices whose projectiles exceed 500 feet per second. Both lists must be updated yearly and reported to the House Ways and Means Committee and the Senate Finance Committee.
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
3 provisions identified: 2 benefits, 0 costs, 1 mixed.
Lower taxes on less‑lethal devices
If enacted, qualifying less‑than‑lethal projectile devices and their shells would be exempt from the federal excise tax. The tax change would apply to items sold after enactment. Treasury would have 90 days to decide a maker’s or importer’s tax‑classification request. Requests sent in the first 180 days after enactment would count as received at day 180. Each year, Treasury would post two public lists: devices that qualify and devices excluded only because they exceed 500 feet per second.
Easier federal rules for less‑lethal devices
If enacted, qualifying less‑than‑lethal devices would be explicitly exempt under the National Firearms Act. Owners, makers, and sellers of these devices would avoid NFA registration and transfer requirements for them. This would reduce legal uncertainty and some related costs.
Clear rules and timelines for less‑lethal devices
If enacted, the bill would set a federal definition for “less‑than‑lethal projectile device.” A device would need to meet three rules, including not firing over 500 feet per second and not using common gun ammo or pistol‑grip‑style magazines. The Attorney General would have 90 days to decide if a submitted device meets the definition. The bill would also add these devices to a federal firearms definition, which could bring some devices under existing gun‑law rules. Makers and police would get faster answers, but some devices could face added compliance steps.
Sponsors & CoSponsors
Sponsor
Fitzgerald
WI • R
Cosponsors
Rep. Correa, J. Luis [D-CA-46]
CA • D
Sponsored 3/18/2025
Stauber
MN • R
Sponsored 3/21/2025
Crockett
TX • D
Sponsored 3/21/2025
Nehls
TX • R
Sponsored 3/26/2025
Rep. Veasey, Marc A. [D-TX-33]
TX • D
Sponsored 3/26/2025
Davis (NC)
NC • D
Sponsored 3/27/2025
Rep. Cline, Ben [R-VA-6]
VA • R
Sponsored 3/27/2025
Rep. Biggs, Andy [R-AZ-5]
AZ • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Rutherford
FL • R
Sponsored 4/1/2025
Rep. Perez, Marie Gluesenkamp [D-WA-3]
WA • D
Sponsored 4/7/2025
Rep. Boebert, Lauren [R-CO-4]
CO • R
Sponsored 4/7/2025
Hunt
TX • R
Sponsored 4/7/2025
Hageman
WY • R
Sponsored 4/9/2025
Rep. Guest, Michael [R-MS-3]
MS • R
Sponsored 4/9/2025
Rep. Moore, Barry [R-AL-1]
AL • R
Sponsored 4/14/2025
LaLota
NY • R
Sponsored 4/14/2025
Rep. Schweikert, David [R-AZ-1]
AZ • R
Sponsored 4/17/2025
Rep. Carey, Mike [R-OH-15]
OH • R
Sponsored 4/17/2025
Rep. Grothman, Glenn [R-WI-6]
WI • R
Sponsored 4/17/2025
Jackson (IL)
IL • D
Sponsored 4/24/2025
Rep. Baumgartner, Michael [R-WA-5]
WA • R
Sponsored 4/24/2025
Rep. Harrigan, Pat [R-NC-10]
NC • R
Sponsored 4/29/2025
Rep. Johnson, Julie [D-TX-32]
TX • D
Sponsored 4/30/2025
Rep. Gill, Brandon [R-TX-26]
TX • R
Sponsored 4/30/2025
Rep. Fry, Russell [R-SC-7]
SC • R
Sponsored 5/6/2025
Onder
MO • R
Sponsored 5/13/2025
Evans (CO)
CO • R
Sponsored 5/13/2025
Tiffany
WI • R
Sponsored 5/14/2025
Van Drew
NJ • R
Sponsored 5/14/2025
Rep. Ezell, Mike [R-MS-4]
MS • R
Sponsored 5/14/2025
Rep. Higgins, Clay [R-LA-3]
LA • R
Sponsored 5/15/2025
Crane
AZ • R
Sponsored 5/15/2025
Rep. Fallon, Pat [R-TX-4]
TX • R
Sponsored 5/19/2025
LaMalfa
CA • R
Sponsored 5/19/2025
Edwards
NC • R
Sponsored 5/20/2025
Rep. Zinke, Ryan K. [R-MT-1]
MT • R
Sponsored 5/23/2025
Lee (FL)
FL • R
Sponsored 5/29/2025
Rep. Issa, Darrell [R-CA-48]
CA • R
Sponsored 5/29/2025
Cuellar
TX • D
Sponsored 6/2/2025
Rep. Hinson, Ashley [R-IA-2]
IA • R
Sponsored 6/2/2025
Maloy
UT • R
Sponsored 6/2/2025
Rep. Yakym, Rudy [R-IN-2]
IN • R
Sponsored 6/4/2025
Rep. Burlison, Eric [R-MO-7]
MO • R
Sponsored 6/4/2025
Rep. Hamadeh, Abraham J. [R-AZ-8]
AZ • R
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Finstad, Brad [R-MN-1]
MN • R
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Burchett, Tim [R-TN-2]
TN • R
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Tenney, Claudia [R-NY-24]
NY • R
Sponsored 6/12/2025
Rep. Vasquez, Gabe [D-NM-2]
NM • D
Sponsored 6/23/2025
Rep. Mann, Tracey [R-KS-1]
KS • R
Sponsored 6/23/2025
Rep. Boyle, Brendan F. [D-PA-2]
PA • D
Sponsored 6/23/2025
Ciscomani
AZ • R
Sponsored 6/23/2025
Rep. Fischbach, Michelle [R-MN-7]
MN • R
Sponsored 7/2/2025
Knott
NC • R
Sponsored 7/22/2025
Rep. Moran, Nathaniel [R-TX-1]
TX • R
Sponsored 7/23/2025
Rep. Gooden, Lance [R-TX-5]
TX • R
Sponsored 7/23/2025
Rep. Miller-Meeks, Mariannette [R-IA-1]
IA • R
Sponsored 8/8/2025
Thompson (MS)
MS • D
Sponsored 9/2/2025
Rep. Bergman, Jack [R-MI-1]
MI • R
Sponsored 9/2/2025
Rep. Begich, Nicholas J. [R-AK-At Large]
AK • R
Sponsored 9/2/2025
Rep. Miller, Mary E. [R-IL-15]
IL • R
Sponsored 9/2/2025
Rep. Kim, Young [R-CA-40]
CA • R
Sponsored 9/2/2025
McDowell
NC • R
Sponsored 9/2/2025
Bishop
GA • D
Sponsored 9/8/2025
Rep. Gottheimer, Josh [D-NJ-5]
NJ • D
Sponsored 9/10/2025
Rep. Mackenzie, Ryan [R-PA-7]
PA • R
Sponsored 9/15/2025
McGuire
VA • R
Sponsored 9/15/2025
Kean
NJ • R
Sponsored 9/16/2025
Stutzman
IN • R
Sponsored 9/16/2025
Rep. Beatty, Joyce [D-OH-3]
OH • D
Sponsored 9/17/2025
Rep. Scholten, Hillary J. [D-MI-3]
MI • D
Sponsored 9/17/2025
Schmidt
KS • R
Sponsored 9/17/2025
Rep. Vindman, Eugene Simon [D-VA-7]
VA • D
Sponsored 9/18/2025
Rep. Calvert, Ken [R-CA-41]
CA • R
Sponsored 9/18/2025
Rep. Stevens, Haley M. [D-MI-11]
MI • D
Sponsored 9/30/2025
Rep. Malliotakis, Nicole [R-NY-11]
NY • R
Sponsored 9/30/2025
Van Duyne
TX • R
Sponsored 10/6/2025
Rep. Miller, Carol D. [R-WV-1]
WV • R
Sponsored 10/6/2025
Rep. Gillen, Laura [D-NY-4]
NY • D
Sponsored 10/10/2025
Simpson
ID • R
Sponsored 10/17/2025
Rep. Kennedy, Mike [R-UT-3]
UT • R
Sponsored 10/17/2025
Rep. Larson, John B. [D-CT-1]
CT • D
Sponsored 10/24/2025
Rep. Carter, Troy A. [D-LA-2]
LA • D
Sponsored 10/24/2025
Wittman
VA • R
Sponsored 10/24/2025
Rep. Fleischmann, Charles J. "Chuck" [R-TN-3]
TN • R
Sponsored 10/24/2025
Kustoff
TN • R
Sponsored 10/24/2025
Hern (OK)
OK • R
Sponsored 10/28/2025
Rep. Thanedar, Shri [D-MI-13]
MI • D
Sponsored 10/31/2025
Langworthy
NY • R
Sponsored 10/31/2025
Rep. Houchin, Erin [R-IN-9]
IN • R
Sponsored 10/31/2025
Rep. Miller, Max L. [R-OH-7]
OH • R
Sponsored 11/7/2025
Rep. Steube, W. Gregory [R-FL-17]
FL • R
Sponsored 11/17/2025
Gray
CA • D
Sponsored 12/15/2025
Rep. Van Orden, Derrick [R-WI-3]
WI • R
Sponsored 12/23/2025
Rep. Clarke, Yvette D. [D-NY-9]
NY • D
Sponsored 1/14/2026
Moore (NC)
NC • R
Sponsored 1/15/2026
Roll Call Votes
house vote • 2/12/2026
On Passage
Yes: 233 • No: 185