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S2191119th CongressWALLET

AMMO Act

Sponsored By: Senator Warren, Elizabeth [D-MA]

Introduced

Summary

Federal licensing and background checks for ammunition would create a single federal framework governing ammunition sales, transfers, recordkeeping, bulk-sale limits, and penalties. It extends many rules now used for firearms to ammunition and adds specific reporting and compliance duties.

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

3 provisions identified: 1 benefits, 2 costs, 0 mixed.

New rules, records, and fines for sellers

This bill would treat ammunition dealers like firearms dealers for licensing and fees. Licensees would have to check photo IDs, collect a signed Attorney General form, send a copy to the Attorney General within 30 days, and keep records for two years. Stores must post a government sign about limits or face a $10,000 civil penalty per violation. Knowing violations can bring large fines, suspensions, or license revocation. These rules would start 120 days after enactment.

NICS checks and $150M upgrade

This bill would require sellers to check the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) before most ammo sales to unlicensed buyers. It would let NICS send a unique approval ID for each check. The bill would also authorize up to $150 million to upgrade and maintain NICS. These changes would begin 120 days after enactment.

Limits and straw‑purchase rules for buyers

This bill would make it illegal to buy more than 100 rounds of .50 caliber or more than 1,000 rounds of other calibers in any five‑day period from a licensed seller. Buyers would have to sign a written certification and show valid ID. The straw‑purchase rules that now apply to firearms would also apply to ammunition. These changes would take effect 120 days after enactment.

Sponsors & CoSponsors

Sponsor

Warren, Elizabeth [D-MA]

MA • D

Cosponsors

  • Sen. Blumenthal, Richard [D-CT]

    CT • D

    Sponsored 6/26/2025

  • Sen. Hirono, Mazie K. [D-HI]

    HI • D

    Sponsored 6/26/2025

  • Sen. Kim, Andy [D-NJ]

    NJ • D

    Sponsored 10/8/2025

Roll Call Votes

No roll call votes available for this bill.

View on Congress.gov
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