Title 35 — Title 35

The recording in the proper office of any conveyance of property or other instrument which may be legally admitted to record operates as a notice of the contents of such conveyance or instrument without any acknowledgment or probate thereof as required by law. History: (Code 1852…

Indebtedness. Purchasers of real property against which there are recorded mortgages, vendor’s liens, judgments, and other liens shall be protected in assuming that the record owner of such liens is the owner of the indebtedness secured by the same and in dealing with such record…

Conveyances of property, real or personal, or any interest therein, whether absolute or on condition, which are acknowledged or proved according to law and recorded may be received in evidence in any court without further proof; and, if it appears to the court that the original c…

It shall be lawful to record certified copies of deeds, mortgages, maps, and other papers affecting the title to property in any probate office in this state in which the same should have been recorded when such mortgages, deeds, maps, or other papers have heretofore been or may …

(a) Any deed, mortgage or other conveyance of property which purports on its face to have been executed in the name of any corporation by any person as its president, vice-president, or secretary, or by any one or more of said persons, shall, when attested by one or more witnesse…

All conveyances admitted to record on proof must be attested by two witnesses, and the proof or acknowledgment must comply substantially with the foregoing forms or the conveyances lose the privileges conferred by section 35-4-65. History: (Code 1852, §1261; Code 1867, §1550; Cod…

Affidavits heretofore recorded or that may hereafter be recorded showing the relationship of parties or other persons to conveyances of lands, the relationship of any parties to any conveyances with other parties whose names are shown in the chain of title to lands, whether or no…

When one joint tenant dies before the severance, his interest does not survive to the other joint tenants but descends and vests as if his interest had been severed and ascertained; provided, that in the event it is stated in the instrument creating such tenancy that such tenancy…

In any litigation over any of the lands referred to and described in any of such affidavits, in any court in the state of Alabama or in any proceedings in any such court involving the title to such lands, wherein the facts recited in such affidavits may be material, the said affi…

The affidavits referred to in Sections 35-4-69 and 35-4-70 shall be filed by the probate judge of the county where offered for filing and by him recorded and indexed in deed records as conveyances of lands are recorded and indexed, and he shall receive the same compensation there…

When a validly executed instrument, not properly acknowledged and recorded, has for 10 years been of record in the office of the judge of probate, the original or a duly certified transcript thereof shall have the same force and effect as evidence as such original or transcript w…

Judge Not Liable for Good Faith Error; False Recitation a Misdemeanor. (a) No deed, contract, or other conveyance of land or any interest therein, whether legal or equitable, shall be accepted for record by the probate judge unless it contains a recitation of the marital status o…

Judge Not Liable for Good Faith Error. (a) No instrument, other than a will, purporting to create or transfer any interest in land shall be accepted for record by a probate judge if such instrument describes the land in which such interest is to be created or transferred by refer…

Abandoned. (a) Where any contract or extension thereof for the sale of any interest in land fails to state the time within which, or the circumstances under which, a deed is to be delivered, the time for the delivery of the deed shall be a reasonable time after the date on which …

(a) No option to purchase any interest in land, other than an option limited in favor of a lessee and exercisable at a time not later than the end of the term of a lease or any extension or renewal thereof, or an option to repurchase reserved by the grantor in a deed, shall be va…

Where a future estate is limited to “heirs,” “issue,” or “children,” posthumous children are entitled to take the estate in the same manner as if born before the death of the parent. Any future estate depending upon the death of a person without heirs, issue, or children is defea…

Instruments essential to the title of real property and which are not kept in a public office, as a record, pursuant to law, belong to the person in whom for the time being such title may be vested and pass with the title. History: (Code 1923, §6963; Code 1940, T. 47, §21.)

(a) All conveyances of real property, deeds, mortgages, deeds of trust, or instruments in the nature of mortgages to secure any debts are inoperative and void as to purchasers for a valuable consideration, mortgagees, and judgment creditors without notice, unless the same have be…

All wills and conveyances, creating estates in lands in remainder or reversion or upon a condition, after an estate for life or lives, are inoperative and void as against the creditors of the tenant for life or lives in possession after a possession of five years by such tenant, …

Except as may be otherwise provided by Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, all conveyances, mortgages, and other instruments executed hereafter for the purpose of transferring standing timber or trees, or cutting rights with respect thereto, or an interest therein, whether …

Personal property conveyed in consideration of marriage, when the possession remains with the husband or the husband and wife, must be taken as the property of the husband, in favor of purchasers without notice and creditors, unless such conveyance is recorded in the county of th…

Property on Condition, Etc. All loans in writing, wills, or conveyances creating estates in personal property, on condition, in reversion or remainder, or in which the use is separated from the right, other than the conveyances hereinabove in this division specified and other tha…

All loans of personal property, not in writing, vest an absolute estate in the person in possession under such loan, as to purchasers and creditors of such person, after three years from the commencement of such loan, unless within that time the lender commences a civil action, i…

All conveyances of personal property in favor of minor children, except by will, where the custody, control, and visible possession thereof is suffered to remain by the donor with the father or mother of such children, vest an absolute estate in such father or mother so in posses…

Parol gifts of personal property are inoperative until the custody, control, management, and use of the property passes from the donor to the donee and is possessed by such donee or his agent; when the donee is a minor living with his parents, or either of them, the possession of…

Such a conditional sales contract, when the execution thereof has been acknowledged or proved before an officer having authority to take and certify the acknowledgment of conveyances and when such contract has been duly recorded, must be received in evidence without other proof o…

This chapter may be cited as the Alabama Uniform Statutory Rule Against Perpetuities. History: (Act 2011-532, p. 880, §1.)

(a) A nonvested property interest is invalid unless: (1) when the interest is created, it is certain to vest or terminate no later than 21 years after the death of an individual then alive; or (2) the interest either vests or terminates within 100 years after its creation. (b) A …

(a) Except as provided in subsections (b), (c), and (d) and in Section 35-4A-5, the time of creation of a nonvested property interest or a power of appointment is determined under general principles of property law. (b) For purposes of this chapter, if there is a person who alone…

Upon the petition of an interested person, a circuit court shall reform a disposition in the manner that most closely approximates the transferor’s manifested plan of distribution and is within the 100 years allowed by Section 35-4A-2(a)(2), (b)(2), or (c)(2) or the 360 years all…

Section 35-4A-2, the statutory rule against perpetuities, does not apply to: (1) a nonvested property interest or a power of appointment arising out of a nondonative transfer, except a nonvested property interest or a power of appointment arising out of (i) a premarital or postma…

This chapter applies to a nonvested property interest or a power of appointment that is created on or after January 1, 2012. For purposes of this section, a nonvested property interest or a power of appointment created by the exercise of a power of appointment is created when the…

This chapter shall be applied and construed to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law with respect to the subject of this chapter among states enacting it. History: (Act 2011-532, p. 880, §1.)

This chapter supersedes the rule of the common law known as the rule against perpetuities. History: (Act 2011-532, p. 880, §1.)

This chapter may be cited as the “Alabama Uniform Transfers to Minors Act.” History: (Acts 1986, No. 86-453, p. 819, §24.)

Transfer; Control of Custodial Property. (a) Custodial property is created and a transfer is made whenever: (1) An uncertificated security or a certificated security in registered form is either: a. Registered in the name of the transferor, an adult other than the transferor, or …

Custodianship. A transfer may be made only for one minor, and only one person may be the custodian. All custodial property held under this chapter by the same custodian for the benefit of the same minor constitutes a single custodianship. History: (Acts 1986, No. 86-453, p. 819, …

as to Property Transferred; Provisions of Chapter Incorporated in Transfer; Transfer Does Not Authorize Settlement or Release of Claims. (a) The validity of a transfer made in a manner prescribed in this chapter is not affected by: (1) Failure of the transferor to comply with sec…

(a) A custodian shall: (1) Take control of custodial property; (2) Register or record title to custodial property if appropriate; and (3) Collect, hold, manage, invest, and reinvest custodial property. (b) In dealing with custodial property, a custodian shall observe the standard…

as to Property. (a) A custodian, acting in a custodial capacity, has all the rights, powers, and authority over custodial property that unmarried adult owners have over their own property, but a custodian may exercise those rights, powers, and authority in that capacity only. (b)…

Minor. (a) A custodian may deliver or pay to the minor or expend for the minor’s benefit so much of the custodial property as the custodian considers advisable for the use and benefit of the minor, without court order and without regard to (1) the duty or ability of the custodian…

(a) A custodian is entitled to reimbursement from custodial property for reasonable expenses incurred in the performance of the custodian’s duties. (b) Except for one who is a transferor under Section 35-5A-5, a custodian has a noncumulative election during each calendar year to …

Custodian. A third person in good faith and without court order may act on the instructions of or otherwise deal with any person purporting to make a transfer or purporting to act in the capacity of a custodian and, in the absence of knowledge, is not responsible for determining:…

Minor. (a) A claim based on (1) a contract entered into by a custodian acting in a custodial capacity, (2) an obligation arising from the ownership or control of custodial property, or (3) a tort committed during the custodianship, may be asserted against the custodial property b…

Designation of Successor Custodian. (a) A person nominated under section 35-5A-4 or designated under section 35-5A- 10 as custodian may decline to serve by delivering a valid disclaimer to the person who made the nomination or to the transferor or the transferor’s legal represent…

As used in this chapter, the following terms shall have the following meanings, respectively, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise: (1) ADULT. An individual who has attained the age of 21 years. (2) BENEFIT PLAN. An employer’s plan for the benefit of an employee or part…

(a) A minor who has attained the age of 14 years, the minor’s guardian of the person or legal representative, an adult member of the minor’s family, a transferor, or a transferor’s legal representative may petition the court (1) for an accounting by the custodian or the custodian…

Majority or Upon Minor’s Death. The custodian shall transfer in an appropriate manner the custodial property to the minor or to the minor’s estate upon the earlier of: (1) The minor’s attainment of 21 years of age with respect to custodial property transferred under section 35-5A…

This chapter applies to a transfer within the scope of section 35-5A-3 made after October 1, 1986, if: (1) The transfer purports to have been made under the Alabama Uniform Gifts to Minors Act; or (2) The instrument by which the transfer purports to have been made uses in substan…

1986; Property Held in Custodianship Which Terminated Between July 22, 1975, and October 1, 1986, When Minor Attained Age 19. (a) Any transfer of custodial property as now defined in this chapter made before October 1, 1986, is validated notwithstanding that there was no specific…