Title 10A

(a) When a merger becomes effective: (1) the surviving organization continues or, in the case of a surviving organization created pursuant to the merger, comes into existence; (2) each constituent organization that merges into the surviving organization ceases to exist as a separ…

(a) If a partner of a converting or constituent limited partnership will have personal liability with respect to a converted or surviving organization, approval and amendment of a plan of conversion or plan of merger are ineffective without that partner’s consent to the plan. (b)…

(a) A conversion or merger under this article does not discharge any liability under Sections 10A-9A-4.04 and 10A-9A-6.07 of a person that was a general partner in or dissociated as a general partner from a converting or constituent limited partnership, but: (1) the provisions of…

(a) An act of a person that immediately before a conversion or merger became effective was a general partner in a converting or constituent limited partnership binds the converted or surviving organization after the conversion or merger becomes effective, if: (1) before the conve…

This article is not exclusive. This article does not preclude an entity from being converted or merged under law other than this chapter. (Act 2016-379, §1.)

(a) Beginning January 1, 2017, this chapter governs all limited partnerships and all foreign limited partnerships. (b) With respect to a limited partnership formed before January 1, 2010, the following rules apply except as the partners otherwise elect in the manner provided in t…

If any provision of this chapter or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of this chapter which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provision…

This chapter modifies, limits, or supersedes the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 7001 et seq., but this chapter does not modify, limit, or supersede Section 101(c) of that act or authorize electronic delivery of any of the noti…

This chapter takes effect January 1, 2017. (Act 2016-379, §1.)

Effective January 1, 2017, the following parts of the Code of Alabama 1975 are repealed: Sections 10A-9-1.01 to 10A-9-12.08, inclusive, as amended and in effect immediately before the effective date of this act. (Act 2016-379, §1.)

This chapter does not affect an action commenced, proceeding brought, or right accrued before this chapter takes effect. (Act 2016-379, §1.)

For purposes of income taxation, other than under Chapter 14A of Title 40, a domestic or foreign limited partnership or limited liability limited partnership shall be treated as a partnership unless it is classified otherwise for federal income tax purposes, in which case it shal…

This chapter and the provisions of Chapter 1 to the extent applicable to real estate investment trusts may be cited as the “Alabama Real Estate Investment Trust Law.” (Acts 1995, No. 95-628, p. 1317, §1; §10-13-1; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §308.)

As used in this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires, the following words shall have the meanings respectively ascribed to them: (1) REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST. An unincorporated trust or association in which property is acquired, held, managed, administered, controll…

A real estate investment trust is a permitted form of unincorporated trust or association, and may conduct business in the state in accordance with this chapter and with Chapter 1. (Acts 1995, No. 95-628, p. 1317, §3; §10-13-3; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §308…

(a) This chapter does not limit present law as it applies to the creation of or doing business in the state by: (1) A common-law trust. (2) A business trust. (3) A Massachusetts trust. (b) To the extent any provision of this chapter is contrary to or inconsistent with 26 U.S.C. S…

A real estate investment trust may not do business in the state until it complies with this chapter and, in the case of a foreign real estate investment trust, with Article 7 of Chapter 1. (Acts 1995, No. 95-628, p. 1317, §5; §10-13-5; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 9…

(a) A real estate investment trust organized under this chapter shall file its declaration of trust in the same manner as the certificate of formation of an Alabama domestic filing entity and shall be subject in all respects to the provisions of Article 4 of Chapter 1, governing …

(a) A real estate investment trust may provide by its declaration of trust any of the following: (1) That any specified class of shares is preferred over another class as to its distributive share of the assets on voluntary or involuntary liquidation of the real estate investment…

Unless the declaration of trust provides otherwise, the shareholders of a real estate investment trust may remove any trustee with or without cause by the affirmative vote of a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast for the election of trustees. (Acts 1995, No. 95-628, p. …

A real estate investment trust has the power to: (1) Unless the declaration of trust provides otherwise, have perpetual existence unaffected by any rule against perpetuities. (2) Sue, be sued, complain, and defend in all courts. (3) Transact its business, carry on its operations,…

(a) A real estate investment trust shall hold, either directly or through other entities, assets of such character, in such percentages, and for such uses as permitted by Sections 856 to 860, inclusive, of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended from time to time. (b) Except as pro…

(a) Each year, a real estate investment trust doing business in this state shall prepare an annual report of its operations. The report shall include a balance sheet, an income statement, and a surplus statement. (b) The financial statements in the annual report shall be certifie…

A shareholder has the same right to inspect the records of the real estate investment trust as a shareholder of a corporation under the Alabama Business Corporation Law. (Acts 1995, No. 95-628, p. 1317, §12; §10-13-12; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §308; Act 201…

(a) A real estate investment trust shall pay the filing fees required under Section 10A-1-4.31. (b) In computing fees under this section, a real estate investment trust shall treat its declaration of trust in the same manner as a certificate of formation. (Acts 1995, No. 95-628, …

(a) Except as provided in subsection (c) of Section 10A-10-1.06 or subdivision (7) of subsection (a) of Section 10A-10-1.07, a declaration of trust may be amended only as provided in this section. (b) The board of trustees of a real estate investment trust proposing an amendment …

(a) For purposes of this section, the following words shall have the respective meanings ascribed to them: (1) ALABAMA REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST. A real estate investment trust organized in compliance with the provisions of this chapter. (2) BUSINESS TRUST. a. An entity descri…

(a) A real estate investment trust may terminate its existence by voluntary dissolution and wind up its business and affairs in the manner and on the grounds provided in the Alabama Business Corporation Law. (b) A real estate investment trust may curtail or cease its trust activi…

The liability of a real estate investment trust extends to as much of the trust estate, including the whole, as necessary to discharge the liability. (Acts 1995, No. 95-628, p. 1317, §17; §10-13-17; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §308.)

No holder of the shares of, or beneficial interest in, a real estate investment trust shall be personally liable for any liabilities, duties or obligations of, or claims against, the real estate investment trust, whether arising before or after the holder became the owner or hold…

(a) Subject to the provisions of subsection (b), a trustee of a real estate investment trust is not personally liable for the obligations of the real estate investment trust. (b) If a trustee otherwise would be liable, the provisions of this subsection do not relieve the trustee …

In an action against a real estate investment trust doing business in the state, process shall be served on any officer or resident agent of the real estate investment trust or by any method permitted under Section 10A-1-5.31, 10A-1-5.35, or 10A-1-5.36, and any notice or demand p…

(a) A real estate investment trust shall be subject to the tax imposed by Section 40-18-31, provided, that for purposes of Section 40-18-33, the “net income” of a real estate investment trust shall mean “real estate investment trust taxable income” as defined in 26 U.S.C. Section…

A domestic or foreign corporation or any “qualified REIT subsidiary” of the domestic or foreign corporation as defined in 26 U.S.C. Section 856(i), otherwise in compliance with the provisions of Chapters 1 and 2, that elects to be treated as a real estate investment trust under 2…

Distributions made from ordinary income by a real estate investment trust are income. All other distributions made by the trust, including distributions from capital gains, depreciation, or depletion, whether in the form of cash or an option to take new stock or cash or an option…

This chapter and the provisions of (A) Chapter 1 and (B) Chapter 2 or Chapter 2A, as applicable, to the extent applicable to employee cooperative associations may be cited as the Alabama Employee Cooperative Corporations Law. (Act 97-949, p. 524, §1; §10-14-1; amended and renumbe…

As used in this chapter, the following words shall have the following meanings: (1) COLLECTIVE RESERVE ACCOUNT. An internal capital account that represents the portion of the net book value of the corporation attributable to the cooperative. (2) EMPLOYEE COOPERATIVE. A corporatio…

Any corporation governed by the Alabama Business Corporation Law may elect to be governed as an employee cooperative under this chapter, by so stating in its certificate of formation or certificate of amendment filed in accordance with the Alabama Business Corporation Law. (Act 9…

An employee cooperative may revoke its election under this chapter by a vote of two-thirds of the members and through articles of amendment filed in accordance with the Alabama Business Corporation Law. (Act 97-949, p. 524, §4; §10-14-4; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p.…

An employee cooperative may include the word “cooperative” or “co-op” in its corporate name, provided, however, that the name shall not include the words “electric” or “power”. (Act 97-949, p. 524, §5; §10-14-5; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §312.)

(a) The governing documents shall establish qualifications and the method of acceptance and termination of members. No person may be accepted as a member unless employed by the employee cooperative on a full-time or part-time basis. In order to qualify for membership, part-time e…

(a) The bylaws of an employee cooperative shall provide for the election, terms, classification, if any, and removal of directors and officers. (b) Nonmembers may serve as directors or officers of an employee cooperative but at no time shall the number of nonmember directors or o…

(a) No capital stock other than membership shares shall be given voting power in an employee cooperative, except as otherwise provided in this chapter. (b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the power to amend or repeal bylaws of an employee cooperative shall be vested i…

(a) The net earnings or losses of an employee cooperative shall be apportioned and distributed at such times and in such manner as the governing documents specify. Net earnings declared as patronage allocations with respect to a period of time, and paid or credited to members, sh…

(a) Any employee cooperative may establish through its governing documents a system of internal capital accounts, to reflect the book value and to determine the redemption price of membership shares, capital stock, and written notices of allocation. (b) The governing documents of…

(a) An internal capital account cooperative is a worker cooperative whose entire net book value is reflected in internal capital accounts, one for each member, and a collective reserve account, and in which no persons other than members own capital stock. In an internal capital a…