Title 28 — Transportation

A. A driver of a vehicle who drives the vehicle on a public street or highway that is temporarily covered by a rise in water level, including groundwater or overflow of water, and that is barricaded because of flooding is liable for the expenses of any emergency response that is …

[Repealed or reserved.]

A. A vehicle used to transport any equine to a slaughtering establishment may have no more than one level or tier in the compartment containing the equine. B. The animal cargo space of vehicles used for the transportation of equines to slaughtering establishments must: 1. Be desi…

A. Unless a motor vehicle is parked or stopped pursuant to section 28-645, subsection A, paragraph 3 or section 28-851, a person may not operate a motor vehicle on a street or highway if the person does either of the following: 1. Physically holds or supports with any part of the…

A. A person shall not: 1. Drive or move and the owner shall not knowingly cause or permit to be driven or moved on a highway a vehicle or combination of vehicles that: (a) Is in an unsafe condition that endangers a person. (b) Does not contain those parts or is not at all times e…

At any time from sunset to sunrise and at any other time when there is not sufficient light to render clearly discernible persons and vehicles on the highway at a distance of five hundred feet ahead, a vehicle on a highway in this state shall display lighted lamps and illuminatin…

A. If a requirement is provided in this article as to the distance from which certain lamps and devices shall render objects visible or within which the lamps or devices shall be visible, the provisions apply during the times stated in section 28-922 with respect to a vehicle wit…

A. A motor vehicle other than a motorcycle, an all-terrain vehicle or a motor driven cycle shall be equipped with at least two head lamps with at least one on each side of the front of the motor vehicle. The head lamps shall comply with the requirements and limitations of this ar…

A. A motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer and pole trailer and any other vehicle that is being drawn at the end of a train of vehicles shall be equipped with at least one tail lamp mounted on the rear. When lighted as required by this article, each tail lamp shall emit a red light…

A. Except as provided in subsection B of this section, a new motor vehicle sold and operated on a highway, other than a truck tractor, shall carry on the rear, either as a part of the tail lamps or separately, either: 1. Two red reflectors that comply with this section. 2. If it …

A. A person shall not sell a new motor vehicle, including a motorcycle or motor driven cycle, in this state unless it is equipped with a stop lamp and every stop lamp on the vehicle meets the requirements of section 28-939. B. A person may not drive a vehicle on the highways unle…

The sections of this article, including sections 28-929 through 28-934, relating to clearance and marker lamps, reflectors and stoplights, apply as stated in those sections to vehicles of the type enumerated in the sections, namely passenger buses, trucks, truck tractors and cert…

In addition to other equipment required in this article, the following vehicles shall be equipped with the following equipment under the conditions stated in section 28-928: 1. On a bus or truck regardless of size, on the rear, two reflectors, one at each side, and two stoplights…

A. The director may adopt standards and specifications applicable to lighting equipment on and special warning devices to be carried by school buses consistent with and supplemental to this article. The standards and specifications may designate and permit the use of alternately …

A. Front clearance lamps and those marker lamps and reflectors mounted on the front or on the side near the front of a vehicle shall display or reflect an amber color. B. Rear clearance lamps and those marker lamps and reflectors mounted on the rear or on the sides near the rear …

A. Reflectors that are required by section 28-929 shall be mounted at a height of not less than twenty-four inches and not more than sixty inches above the ground on which the vehicle stands, except that if the highest part of the permanent structure of the vehicle is less than t…

A. A reflector on a vehicle referred to in section 28-929 shall be of such size and characteristics and so maintained as to be readily visible at nighttime from all distances within five hundred feet to fifty feet from the vehicle when directly in front of lawful upper beams of h…

If motor and other vehicles are operated in combination when lights are required, any lamp, except tail lamps, need not be lighted if the lamp would be obscured by another vehicle of the combination by reason of its location on a vehicle of the combination. This section does not …

A. If the load on a vehicle extends to the rear four feet or more beyond the bed or body of the vehicle, two red lights or two lanterns and reflectors, one on each side, plainly visible from a distance of at least five hundred feet to the sides and rear shall be displayed at the …

A. When a vehicle is lawfully parked on a street or highway during the hours between a half hour after sunset and a half hour before sunrise and if there is sufficient light to reveal a person or object within a distance of five hundred feet on the street or highway, lights need …

All vehicles, including animal-drawn vehicles and vehicles that are referred to in section 28-921, subsection C and that are not specifically required by this article to be equipped with lamps, shall be equipped at the times specified in section 28-922 with at least one lighted l…

A motor vehicle may be equipped with any of the following: 1. Not more than one spot lamp that when lighted is aimed and used on approaching another vehicle only so that no part of the high intensity portion of the beam is directed to the left of the prolongation of the extreme l…

A. A motor vehicle may be equipped and if required under this article shall be equipped with the following: 1. A stop lamp on the rear that emits a red or yellow light, that is actuated on application of the service or foot brake and that may be incorporated with a tail lamp. 2. …

A motor vehicle may be equipped with any of the following: 1. Not more than two side cowl or fender lamps that emit an amber or white light without glare. 2. Not more than one running board courtesy lamp on each side of the motor vehicle that emits a white or amber light without …

Except as otherwise provided in this article, the headlamps, the auxiliary driving lamp or the auxiliary passing lamp or combinations of the headlamps, driving lamp or passing lamp on a motor vehicle other than a motor driven cycle shall be arranged so that selection may be made …

If a motor vehicle is operated on a roadway or shoulder adjacent to a roadway during the times provided in section 28-922, the driver shall use a distribution of light or composite beam that is directed high enough and that has sufficient intensity to reveal persons and vehicles …

Head lamps that are arranged to provide a single distribution of light are permitted on motor vehicles manufactured and sold before January 1, 1951, and on neighborhood electric vehicles, in lieu of multiple beam road lighting equipment specified in this article, if the single di…

The head lamp or head lamps on a motor driven cycle may be of the single beam or multiple beam type and shall comply with requirements and limitations as follows: 1. A head lamp or head lamps on a motor driven cycle shall be of sufficient intensity to reveal a person or a vehicle…

A motor vehicle, except a commercial vehicle as defined in section 28-2231, may be operated under the conditions specified in section 28-922 when it is equipped with two lighted lamps that are on the front of the motor vehicle and that are capable of revealing persons and objects…

A. At all times provided in section 28-922, at least two lighted lamps shall be displayed, one on each side at the front of a motor vehicle other than a motorcycle or motor driven cycle, except when the vehicle is parked subject to the rules governing lights on parked vehicles. B…

A. A person shall direct a lighted lamp or illuminating device on a motor vehicle, other than a head lamp, spot lamp, auxiliary lamp or flashing front direction signal, that projects a beam of light of an intensity greater than three hundred candlepower so that no part of the bea…

A person shall not operate snow removal equipment on a highway unless the lamps on the equipment comply with and are lighted when and as required by applicable federal safety standards and specifications.

A. A person shall not have for sale, sell or offer for sale for use on or as a part of the equipment of a motor vehicle, trailer or semitrailer or shall not use on any such vehicle a reflector that is required by this article, head lamp, auxiliary driving lamp, rear lamp, signal …

A. The following brake equipment is required: 1. A motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle, all-terrain vehicle or motor driven cycle, if it is operated on a highway shall be equipped with brakes adequate to control the movement of and to stop and hold the vehicle, including two s…

A. The director may: 1. Require an inspection of the brake on an all-terrain vehicle or a motor driven cycle. 2. Disapprove a brake that does not comply with the performance ability standard provided in section 28-952 or that is not so designed or constructed to ensure reasonable…

A. A motor vehicle when operated on a highway shall be equipped with a horn that is in good working order and that is capable of emitting sound audible under normal conditions from a distance of at least two hundred feet. Any horn or other warning device shall not emit an unreaso…

A. A motor vehicle shall be equipped at all times with a muffler that is in good working order and that is in constant operation to prevent excessive or unusual noise. B. A person shall not use a muffler cutout, bypass or similar device on a motor vehicle on a highway. C. The eng…

A. A person shall not operate or as an owner allow the operation of a motorcycle in this state that is not equipped with the manufacturer's original muffler or other original noise reduction equipment or with a replacement muffler or replacement noise reduction equipment capable …

A. Section 28-955.01 does not apply to a racing motorcycle operated in a racing event or in a facility used for a racing event. B. For the purposes of this section, "racing motorcycle" means either: 1. A motorcycle that is intended by the manufacturer to be operated at a facility…

A. A commercial motor vehicle that operates in this state shall have an exhaust system that is detectable by a visual inspection and that meets all of the following: 1. Is free from a defect that adversely affects sound reduction. 2. Is equipped with either a muffler or other noi…

A motor vehicle that is constructed or loaded in a manner that obstructs the driver's view to the rear of the vehicle from the driver's position shall be equipped with two mirrors located in a manner to reflect to the driver a view of the highway for a distance of at least two hu…

A. The windshield on a motor vehicle shall be equipped with a device for cleaning rain, snow or other moisture from the windshield. The device shall be constructed in a manner to be controlled or operated by the driver of the vehicle. B. A windshield wiper on a motor vehicle shal…

A. The following vehicles shall be equipped with an adequate windshield: 1. A passenger vehicle, except a motorcycle, an all-terrain vehicle and a golf cart manufactured or modified before June 17, 1998. 2. A motor truck or truck tractor, except fire trucks, fire engines or other…

A. A solid rubber tire on a vehicle shall have rubber on its entire traction surface at least one inch thick above the edge of the flange of the entire periphery. B. A tire on a vehicle that is moved on a highway shall not have on its periphery any block, stud, flange, cleat, spi…

A. A person shall not operate a truck, trailer, semitrailer or bus on a highway unless the vehicle is equipped with rear fender splash guards that comply with the specifications provided in this section. B. The splash guards: 1. Shall be attached in a manner that prevents the spl…

A. A person shall not sell and the department shall not register a new motor vehicle as specified in this section unless the vehicle is equipped with safety glass wherever glass is used in doors, windows and windshields. B. This section applies to passenger motor vehicles, other …

A. This section does not apply to: 1. Front side wing vents and windows that have a substance or material in conjunction with glazing material that has a light transmission of thirty-three percent plus or minus three percent and a luminous reflectance of thirty-five percent plus …

A. Except as provided in subsection B of this section, a person shall not operate a motor truck, passenger bus or truck tractor on a highway outside the corporate limits of a city or town from a half hour after sunset to a half hour before sunrise unless the following equipment i…

A. Except as provided in subsection B of this section, if a motor truck, passenger bus, truck tractor, trailer, semitrailer or pole trailer is disabled on the traveled portion of a highway or the shoulder of a highway outside of a city or town at a time when lighted lamps are req…

A. A person operating a vehicle transporting an explosive on a highway shall comply at all times with the following provisions: 1. The vehicle shall be placarded in accordance with the placarding requirements specified in 49 Code of Federal Regulations part 172. 2. The vehicle sh…