Title 18, Property

(a) In all cases of forcible entry and detainer and unlawful detainer, when the defendant disputes the plaintiff's right of possession, it shall be lawful for the defendant to introduce before the court or the jury trying the main issue in the action evidence showing the damage h…

(a) Neither the judgment to be rendered by the court in matters brought pursuant to the provisions of this subchapter nor anything in this subchapter shall bar or preclude the party injured from bringing any cause of action for trespass or ejectment, or any other action, against …

(a) Under this subchapter, any persons having any interest in and desiring a division of land held in joint tenancy, in common, as assigned or unassigned dower, as assigned or unassigned curtesy, or in coparceny, absolutely or subject to the life estate of another, or otherwise, …

(a) Every person having an interest as is specified in § 18-60-401, whether in possession or otherwise, and every person entitled to dower or curtesy in the premises, if it has not been admeasured, shall be made a party to the petition. (b) In cases in which one (1) or more of th…

(a) The statutory guardian of an infant or of an individual with mental illness may file or unite in the petition in the names of, and in conjunction with, the infant or person of unsound mind. (b) (1) If the petition is filed against infants or individuals with mental illness, t…

(a) It shall be lawful for the circuit court of the proper county, for any of the purposes intended by § 18-60-401, and before or after any proceedings by virtue thereof, to appoint a guardian for any minor, whether the minor resides in or out of this state. The guardian, for all…

Parties interested may be constructively summoned as provided by Rule 4 of the Arkansas Rules of Civil Procedure.

Any person having an interest in the premises sought to be divided or sold, whether the interest is present or future, vested or contingent, though not made a party in the petition may appear and, on showing his or her interest by affidavit to the satisfaction of the court, be ma…

Upon a petition by all interested in the property being filed, or upon a summons being served upon all who have an interest in the property, and who have not united in the petition ten (10) days before commencement of the term, the court may make an order for the division accordi…

If any person summoned, as provided in §§ 18-60-401, 18-60-405, and 18-60-409, desires to contest the rights of the petitioners or the statements in the petition, he or she shall do so by a written answer, and the questions of law and fact thereupon arising shall be tried and det…

If any of the parties duly notified by personal service or publication shall not appear and plead within the time allowed by the court for that purpose, the default shall be entered. The petitioners shall, nevertheless, make out their case by the exhibition to the court of the ev…

(a) The court shall ascertain, from the evidence in case of default or from the confession by answer of the parties, if they appear, and shall declare the rights, titles, and interests of all the parties to the proceedings, petitioners as well as defendants, so far as they shall …

No partition or sale of land, tenements, or hereditaments devised by any last will and testament shall be made, under the provisions of this act, contrary to the intention of any testator as expressed in his or her last will and testament.

(a) (1) Whenever any judgment of partition shall be rendered, the court may, by rule or order, appoint not fewer than three (3) nor more than five (5) commissioners who are residents of the county in which the premises to be divided is situated to make the partition so adjudged, …

(a) (1) The commissioners shall immediately proceed to make partition, according to the judgment of the court, unless it shall appear to them, or a majority of them, that partition of the premises cannot be made without great prejudice to the owners.(2) In such a case they shall …

(a) Upon a report of the divisions by the commissioners appointed for that purpose being returned, the court may confirm or set aside the report or remand it to the commissioners for correction. (b) Upon good cause shown by either party, on the report being made and returned to t…

On the confirmation of the report of the division of lands, the commissioners, or some commissioner appointed for the purpose, shall make a deed or deeds of partition, conveying to each party the land allotted to him or her in severalty, which shall be approved by the court and r…

The costs of the division shall be apportioned among the parties in the ratio of their interests, and the costs arising from any contest of fact or law shall be paid by the party adjudged to be in the wrong.

(a) (1) In all suits in any of the courts of this state for partition of lands when a judgment is rendered for partition in kind, or a sale and a partition of the proceeds, the court rendering the judgment or decree shall allow a reasonable fee to the attorney bringing the suit.(…

(a) If the commissioners appointed under this subchapter report to the court that all or part of the land or tenements of which partition had been directed are so situated that partition cannot be made without great prejudice to the owners of the land or tenements, the court may,…

(a) (1) No commissioner nor any person for his or her benefit shall purchase or be directly or indirectly interested in the purchase of any of the premises sold.(2) No guardian of any minor or person of unsound mind party to the proceedings shall purchase or be interested in the …

(a) After completing the sale, the commissioners shall report their proceedings to the court, on their oath, with a description of the different parcels of the land sold, the name of the purchaser, and the price bid by him or her, and the report shall be filed in the court. (b) I…

The proceeds of every sale, after deducting the costs and expenses of the proceedings, shall be divided among the parties whose rights and interests shall have been sold, in proportion to their respective rights in the premises, and shall be paid to them, their guardians, or lega…

The court may order a sale without the appointment of commissioners if the court determines from the evidence presented that there is no necessity for the appointment of commissioners.

(a) When town or city lots, or land outside of a town or city, but having upon it a building of more value than the land, shall be held by, or in trust, for coparceners, joint tenants, or tenants in common, some of whom are infants or persons of unsound mind, the circuit court, o…

(a) The land of an incompetent person held jointly or otherwise, by survivorship, entirety, tenancy in common, joint tenancy, or howsoever held, with another or others, though not necessary for the payments of debts or maintenance, may be sold by order of the probate division of …

Any person claiming to own land that is wild or improved or land that is in the actual possession of himself or herself, or those claiming under him or her, may have his or her title to the land confirmed and quieted by proceeding in the manner provided in this subchapter.

(a) A claimant shall file in the office of the clerk of the circuit court of the county in which the land is situated a petition describing the land and stating facts which show a prima facie right and title to the land in himself or herself and that there is no adverse occupant …

(a) (1) Upon the filing of the petition, the clerk of the court shall publish a notice of the filing of the petition on the same day of each week, for four (4) weeks in some newspaper published in the county, if there is one, and if not, then in some newspaper having a circulatio…

If any person is summoned to appear in the cause, his or her rights shall be adjudicated according to the principles of equity.

(a) After proof of publication of the notice as stated in § 18-60-503 has been filed, the court shall require the petitioner to prove all the allegations of the petition. (b) Proof may be by depositions or by testimony ore tenus at the bar of the court.

(1) If the petitioner cannot show a perfect claim of title to any particular tract or tracts of land, it shall be held to constitute a prima facie title if the petitioner shall show that:(1) The petitioner and those under whom he or she claims, have had color of title to the land…

If the petitioner alleges that his or her title papers or the record thereof has been lost or destroyed, the court shall have the power to require new title papers to be executed if the party required to execute them shall have been duly summoned in the cause.

(a) If the court is satisfied as to the truth of the facts set out in the petition, it shall render a decree establishing and quieting the petitioner's title against all persons except as provided in subsection (b) of this section. (b) The decree in the cause shall not bar or aff…

A certified copy of any decree confirming title to real estate shall be entitled to record in the books kept for the record of deeds in the county in which the decree was granted.

The costs of the proceedings shall be adjudged against the petitioner if there is no other party to the proceedings, and otherwise the costs shall be adjudged according to the principles of equity.

The purchasers, or the heirs and legal representatives of purchasers, of lands at sheriff's sales or those made by the county clerks, or by the Commissioner of State Lands, or from levee or drainage improvement districts, who have acquired title by purchase at the sale held by th…

(a) The petition for confirmation shall be filed with the clerk of the circuit court of the county at least twenty (20) days prior to the first day of the term of court at which application is to be made. (b) The petitioner, if he or she is acquainted with the lands, shall file w…

(a) (1) When land is not made redeemable by any law of this state applicable to the sale, or, if redeemable, at any time after the expiration of the time allowed for the redemption, at all sales which have been or may be made, the purchaser, the heirs and legal representative of …

If the deed or deeds are in proper legal form and properly executed, if there is proof showing payment, settlement, or release of the taxes, and if the evidence shows that no one is in possession adverse to the petitioner, then in case no one has appeared to show cause against th…

(1) In case any person or persons claiming title to the land opposed the confirmation of sale, then the court shall try the validity of the sale and the court shall:(1) Confirm the sale if the sale was valid; or(2) Annul the sale if the sale has been made contrary to law. (1) Con…

(a) (1) On the trial of the cause, the petitioner shall exhibit to the court proof that taxes owed on the lands were either paid, settled, or released and, in the case of lands acquired from levee and drainage improvement districts:(A) All delinquent taxes that have been paid, se…

(a) There should be no confirmation of the sale of any lands that are in actual possession of any person claiming title adverse to the petitioner, nor shall there be any confirmation of the sale of lands unless the petitioner or his or her grantor or those under whom he or she cl…

(a) (1) The judgment or decree of the court confirming the sale shall operate as a complete bar against any and all persons who may thereafter claim the land in consequence of informality or illegality in the proceedings.(2) The title to the land shall be considered as confirmed …

In case any purchaser or purchasers contemplated in any of the provisions of this subchapter, or his, her, or their heirs or assigns, shall not deem it necessary to use the remedy conferred by this subchapter to confirm the title thereto, then the sale shall have the same effect …

(a) When no opposition is made to the confirmation of the sale, the costs attending the proceedings shall be paid by the party praying for confirmation. (b) Where opposition is made, the costs shall be borne by the party against whom judgment is rendered.