All prescription drug outlets, manufacturers, repackagers, and wholesalers shall investigate any suspect product, as defined in the DQSA and any federal regulations implementing the DQSA, and shall use documentation and reporting procedures relating to the investigation in accordance with the DQSA and any federal regulations implementing the DQSA.
Source: L. 2021: Entire section added, (SB 21-094), ch. 314, p. 1937, � 20, effective September 1.
12-280-138. Patient counseling - pharmacists required to perform - patient may decline - rules. (1) (a) Except in the circumstances described in subsection (2) of this section, a pharmacist shall provide patient counseling on new medication therapy and, based on the pharmacist's professional judgment and due diligence, may provide patient counseling for any other prescription. If the pharmacist is unable to provide patient counseling orally due to language barriers, the pharmacist may use alternate means to provide the patient counseling.
(b) (I) Except as provided in subsection (1)(b)(II) of this section, all in-state pharmacies must ensure that their pharmacists provide patient counseling in accordance with this section.
(II) This subsection (1)(b) does not apply to an other outlet.
(2) A patient may decline patient counseling offered by a pharmacist. A pharmacist shall document, in the form and manner specified in board rules, when a patient declines patient counseling.
(3) The board shall adopt rules specifying:
(a) The alternate means by which pharmacists may provide patient counseling when language barriers preclude providing patient counseling orally; and
(b) The form and manner for pharmacists to document when a patient declines counseling, which rules must specify a documentation process that is simple and allows the documentation to be completed electronically.
(4) This section does not apply to pharmacists who dispense prescription drugs to persons in the custody of the department of corrections.
Source: L. 2021: Entire section added, (SB 21-094), ch. 314, p. 1938, � 20, effective September 1.
12-280-139. Insulin affordability program - record keeping - reimbursement - penalty - definitions. (1) As used in this section and section 12-280-140, unless the context otherwise requires:
(a) Consumer price index means the United States department of labor's bureau of labor statistics consumer price index for Denver-Aurora-Lakewood for all items paid by all urban consumers, or its applicable predecessor or successor index.
(b) Repealed.
(c) Manufacturer means a person:
(I) Engaged in the manufacturing of insulin that is self-administered on an outpatient basis and is available for purchase by residents of this state; and
(II) That has annual gross revenue of more than two million dollars from the sale of insulin in this state.
(d) Pharmacy means a pharmacy outlet registered pursuant to this article 280 where prescriptions are compounded and dispensed.
(e) Program means the insulin affordability program created in subsection (2) of this section.
(f) (I) Wholesale acquisition cost means a manufacturer's list price for insulin to wholesalers or direct purchasers in the United States for the most recent month for which the information is reported in wholesale price guides or other publications of drug or biological pricing data.
(II) Wholesale acquisition cost does not include prompt pay or other discounts, rebates, or reductions in price.
(2) Effective January 1, 2022, the insulin affordability program is hereby created to provide low-cost insulin to eligible individuals. By January 1, 2022, each manufacturer shall establish procedures to make insulin available in accordance with this section to eligible individuals who need access to an affordable insulin supply.
(3) To be eligible to receive insulin under the program, an individual must:
(a) Be a resident of Colorado;
(b) Not be eligible for or enrolled in assistance provided through the Colorado Medical Assistance Act, articles 4 to 6 of title 25.5, or the federal Health Insurance for the Aged Act, Title XVIII of the federal Social Security Act, 42 U.S.C. sec. 1395 et seq., as amended;
(c) Have a valid insulin prescription or be eligible for an emergency supply as provided in section 12-280-125.5; and
(d) Not be enrolled in prescription drug coverage that limits the total amount of cost sharing that the enrollee is required to pay for a thirty-day supply of insulin to one hundred dollars as described in section 10-16-151.
(4) (a) The board shall develop an application form to be used by an individual who is seeking insulin under the program. The application form must require the individual to show proof that the individual meets the requirements of subsection (3) of this section.
(b) The board shall make the application form available on its website. The board shall also make the application form available to pharmacies, health-care providers, and health facilities that prescribe or dispense insulin.
(5) To access insulin through the program, an individual must present, at a pharmacy, a completed, signed, and dated application form with proof of the individual's Colorado residency. If the individual is under eighteen years of age, the individual's parent or legal guardian may provide the pharmacist with proof of residency.
(6) (a) Upon receipt of an individual's completed, signed, and dated application form demonstrating that the individual is eligible pursuant to subsection (3) of this section and the individual's proof of residency, a pharmacist shall dispense the prescribed insulin in an amount that will provide the individual with a thirty-day supply. An individual who is eligible to receive insulin pursuant to this section may receive the insulin for twelve months.
(b) The pharmacist is encouraged to inform the individual that they may be eligible for the Colorado Medical Assistance Act, articles 4 to 6 of title 25.5, or an affordable insurance product on the state-based marketplace.
(c) The pharmacist is encouraged to notify the individual of any manufacturer-sponsored programs that assist individuals who cannot afford their prescription insulin.
(d) The pharmacist shall retain a copy of the application form submitted by the individual for two years after the date the insulin was initially dispensed.
(7) A pharmacy that dispenses insulin pursuant to subsection (6)(a) of this section may collect a copayment from the individual to cover the pharmacy's costs of processing and dispensing the insulin in an amount not to exceed fifty dollars for each thirty-day supply of insulin dispensed.
(8) (a) Except as provided in subsection (8)(d) of this section, unless the manufacturer agrees to send to the pharmacy a replacement supply of the same insulin dispensed in the amount dispensed through the program, the pharmacy may submit to the manufacturer of the dispensed insulin, directly or through the manufacturer's delegated representative, subcontractor, or other vendor, an electronic claim for payment that is made in accordance with the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs' standards for electronic claims processing.
(b) By January 1, 2022, each manufacturer shall develop a process for a pharmacy to submit an electronic claim for reimbursement as provided in subsection (8)(a) of this section.
(c) If the pharmacy submits an electronic claim to the manufacturer pursuant to subsection (8)(a) of this section, the manufacturer or the manufacturer's delegated representative, subcontractor, or other vendor shall, within thirty days after receipt of the claim, either:
(I) Reimburse the pharmacy in an amount that covers the difference between the pharmacy's wholesale acquisition cost for the insulin dispensed through the program and the amount the individual paid for the insulin pursuant to subsection (7) of this section; or
(II) Send the pharmacy a replacement supply of the same insulin in an amount equal to or greater than the amount that covers the difference between the pharmacy's wholesale acquisition cost for the insulin dispensed through the program and the amount the individual paid for the insulin pursuant to subsection (7) of this section.
(d) A pharmacy shall not submit a claim for payment for insulin with a wholesale acquisition cost of eight dollars or less per milliliter, adjusted annually based on the annual percentage change in the consumer price index.
(9) The board shall promote the availability of the program to Coloradans. The promotional material must include information about each manufacturer's consumer insulin programs. The board may seek and accept gifts, grants, and donations to fulfill the requirements of this subsection (9).
(10) A manufacturer's reimbursement pursuant to subsection (8)(b) of this section is not a kickback.
(11) (a) A manufacturer that fails to comply with the requirements of this section:
(I) Is subject to a fine in an amount and frequency that is equal to the amount and frequency of the fine permitted under the Colorado Consumer Protection Act, part 1 of article 1 of title 6; and
(II) Engages in a deceptive trade practice under section 6-1-105 (1)(ffff).
(b) The attorney general is authorized to enforce this section.
Source: L. 2021: Entire section added, (HB 21-1307), ch. 437, p. 2894, � 3, effective September 7. L. 2024: (1)(b) repealed and (4), (9), and (11) amended, (HB 24-1438), ch. 351, p. 2394, � 2, effective June 3.
Cross references: For the legislative declaration in HB 21-1307, see section 1 of chapter 437, Session Laws of Colorado 2021.
12-280-140. Emergency prescription insulin supply - eligibility - record keeping - penalty. (1) (a) Effective January 1, 2022, an individual who meets the requirements of subsection (2) of this section may receive one emergency thirty-day supply of prescription insulin within a twelve-month period. The pharmacy may charge the individual an amount not to exceed thirty-five dollars for the thirty-day supply.
(b) By January 1, 2022, each manufacturer shall establish procedures to make insulin available in accordance with this section to eligible individuals who need access to an emergency prescription insulin supply.
(2) To be eligible for an emergency prescription insulin supply, an individual must:
(a) Have a valid prescription for insulin or be eligible for an emergency supply as provided in section 12-280-125.5;
(b) Have less than a seven-day supply of insulin available;
(c) Be required to pay more than one hundred dollars out of pocket each month for the individual's insulin; and
(d) Be a resident of Colorado.
(3) (a) The board shall create and make available to the public an application form for individuals seeking an emergency prescription insulin supply pursuant to this section.
(b) At a minimum, the application form must require the individual to show proof that the individual meets the requirements of subsection (2) of this section.
(c) Each pharmacy in the state shall make the application form available at the pharmacy.
(4) (a) Upon receipt of an individual's completed application form demonstrating that the individual is eligible pursuant to subsection (2) of this section and the individual's proof of residency, a pharmacist shall dispense the prescribed insulin in an amount that will provide the individual with a thirty-day supply.
(b) If the individual is under eighteen years of age, the individual's parent or legal guardian may provide the pharmacist with proof of residency.
(5) Each pharmacy shall keep the application form for each individual who receives an emergency prescription insulin supply pursuant to this section for two years following the date on which the insulin was dispensed.
(6) (a) Except as provided in subsection (6)(d) of this section, unless the manufacturer agrees to send to the pharmacy a replacement supply of the same insulin dispensed in the amount dispensed through the program, the pharmacy may submit to the manufacturer of the dispensed insulin, directly or through the manufacturer's delegated representative, subcontractor, or other vendor, an electronic claim for payment that is made in accordance with the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs' standards for electronic claims processing.
(b) By January 1, 2022, each manufacturer shall develop a process for a pharmacy to submit an electronic claim for reimbursement as provided in subsection (6)(a) of this section.
(c) If the pharmacy submits an electronic claim to the manufacturer pursuant to subsection (6)(a) of this section, the manufacturer or the manufacturer's delegated representative, subcontractor, or other vendor shall, within thirty days after receipt of the claim, either:
(I) Reimburse the pharmacy in an amount that covers the pharmacy's wholesale acquisition cost for the insulin dispensed pursuant to this section; or
(II) Send the pharmacy a replacement supply of the same insulin in an amount equal to or greater than the amount that covers the pharmacy's wholesale acquisition cost for the insulin dispensed pursuant to this section.
(d) A pharmacy shall not submit a claim for payment for insulin with a wholesale acquisition cost of eight dollars or less per milliliter, adjusted annually based on the annual percentage change in the consumer price index.
(7) The board shall promote the availability of the emergency prescription insulin supply to Coloradans. The promotional material must include information about each manufacturer's consumer insulin programs. The board may seek and accept gifts, grants, and donations to fulfill the requirements of this subsection (7).
(8) A manufacturer's reimbursement pursuant to subsection (6)(b) of this section is not a kickback.
(9) (a) A manufacturer that fails to comply with the requirements of this section:
(I) Is subject to a fine in an amount and frequency that is equal to the amount and frequency of the fine permitted under the Colorado Consumer Protection Act, part 1 of article 1 of title 6; and
(II) Engages in a deceptive trade practice under section 6-1-105 (1)(ffff).
(b) The attorney general is authorized to enforce this section.
Source: L. 2021: Entire section added, (HB 21-1307), ch. 437, p. 2897, � 3, effective September 7. L. 2024: (3)(a), (7), and (9) amended, (HB 24-1438), ch. 351, p. 2395, � 3, effective June 3.
Cross references: (1) For definitions applicable to this section, see � 12-280-139.
(2) For the legislative declaration in HB 21-1307, see section 1 of chapter 437, Session Laws of Colorado 2021.
12-280-141. Prescription drugs - automated pharmacy dispensing system - registration - rules - definition. (1) As used in this section, automated pharmacy dispensing system or system means a mechanical system that dispenses prescription drugs to a person interacting with a remote pharmacist and maintains related transaction information.
(2) A prescription drug outlet may dispense prescription drugs through an automated pharmacy dispensing system in accordance with this section and rules promulgated by the board. A prescription drug outlet that operates an automated pharmacy dispensing system is solely responsible for the security, operation, and maintenance of the system and shall ensure that there is a pharmacist acting on behalf of the prescription drug outlet providing services to patients accessing prescription drugs through the system. The pharmacist may supervise the system through electronic means and is not required to be physically present at the site where the system is located.
(3) A prescription drug outlet that dispenses prescription drugs through an automated pharmacy dispensing system shall:
(a) Register the system with the board in accordance with rules promulgated by the board;
(b) Require a pharmacist to perform all clinical services conducted as part of the dispensing process, including drug utilization review and consultation services;
(c) Ensure that each system clearly displays the associated prescription drug outlet registration number and clear contact information for persons using the system to contact the prescription drug outlet;
(d) Locate each system that dispenses controlled substances at the same location as a prescription drug outlet registered by the United States drug enforcement agency;
(e) Maintain a record of each prescription drug dispensed from the automated pharmacy dispensing system, including the identity of the pharmacist responsible for verifying the accuracy of the dosage of the prescription drug dispensed, the directions for use of the prescription drug, and the counseling services, if any, provided to the individual to whom the prescription drug is dispensed;
(f) Ensure that confidentiality of personal health information is maintained; and
(g) Ensure that the system is accessible to persons with disabilities in compliance with the requirements of the federal Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, 42 U.S.C. sec. 12101 et seq., as amended.
(4) A prescription drug outlet may operate an automated pharmacy dispensing system in the same or in a different location than the prescription drug outlet. The automated pharmacy dispensing system must be:
(a) Under the supervision and control of the prescription drug outlet;
(b) Installed in a place and in a manner to ensure that a person is unable to remove the system from its location and any attempts to obtain access to the system without authorization are visible to the prescription drug outlet pharmacist, either through the direct view of the pharmacist or by real-time, audio-visual communication technology or audio-visual recording technology; and
(c) Located in a secure location in:
(I) The registered address of the prescription drug outlet;
(II) The medical facility; or
(III) The practice location of one or more practitioners.
(5) An automated pharmacy dispensing system may only dispense prescription drugs upon the authorization of a pharmacist acting on behalf of the prescription drug outlet after the pharmacist has reviewed the prescription order and the patient's profile for potential contraindications and adverse drug reactions.
(6) (a) A prescription drug outlet operating an automated pharmacy dispensing system shall develop, implement, and maintain written policies and procedures to ensure the proper, safe, and secure functioning of the system. The policies and procedures must, at a minimum, address:
(I) Maintaining the security of the automated pharmacy dispensing system and any accompanying electronic verification process and ensuring the system and accompanying electronic verification process are in good working order;
(II) Ensuring the accurate filling, stocking, restocking, and final verification of prescription drugs dispensed from the system;
(III) Ensuring the sanitary operation of the system and the prevention of cross-contamination of cells, cartridges, containers, cassettes, and packages;
(IV) Training of individuals authorized to access, stock, restock, and use the system;
(V) Conducting routine and preventive maintenance of the system, including calibration of the system, if applicable;
(VI) Removing expired, adulterated, misbranded, or recalled prescription drugs from the system;
(VII) Ensuring that prescription drugs are stored under appropriate conditions and temperatures;
(VIII) Preventing unauthorized individuals from accessing the system, including assigning, discontinuing, or modifying security access to the system;
(IX) Identifying and recording the individuals who are responsible for filling, stocking, and restocking the system; and
(X) Ensuring compliance with state and federal laws, including all applicable labeling, storage, and security requirements.
(b) The prescription drug outlet shall annually review the written policies and procedures required pursuant to this subsection (6). The prescription drug outlet shall document its annual review of the policies and procedures, maintain the record of each review for at least two years, and make the review records available to the board upon request.
(c) The prescription drug outlet operating an automated pharmacy dispensing system shall collect, control, and maintain all transaction information to accurately track the movement of prescription drugs into and out of the system to ensure proper security, accuracy, and accountability.
(7) The prescription drug outlet operating the automated pharmacy dispensing system is responsible for the operation, maintenance, and security of the system and shall label prescription drugs dispensed from the system in accordance with existing law that records each transaction made through the system.
(8) A prescription drug outlet that operates inside the premises of a retail business shall only operate an automated pharmacy dispensing system during the hours that the prescription drug outlet is closed.
(9) All prescription drugs stored in an automated pharmacy dispensing system are part of the inventory of the prescription drug outlet operating the system, and all prescription drugs dispensed from the system are considered to have been dispensed by the prescription drug outlet that operates the system.
(10) The prescription drug outlet shall make all transaction information concerning each system under its operation readily available in a downloadable format for review and inspection by the board. A prescription drug outlet shall maintain the records for the period of time determined by rule of the board.
(11) The board may promulgate rules as necessary to implement this section.
Source: L. 2023: Entire section added, (HB 23-1195), ch. 134, p. 514, � 2, effective August 7. L. 2024: (2) amended, (HB 24-1450), ch. 490, p. 3407, � 19, effective August 7.
12-280-142. Epinephrine auto-injector affordability program - record keeping - reimbursement - penalty - definitions. (1) As used in this section:
(a) Consumer price index means the United States department of labor's bureau of labor statistics consumer price index for Denver-Aurora-Lakewood for all items paid by all urban consumers, or its applicable predecessor or successor index.
(b) Repealed.
(c) Epinephrine auto-injector means an automatic injection device for injecting a measured dose of epinephrine based on the weight of the person who is to receive the injection.
(d) Manufacturer means a person engaged in manufacturing epinephrine auto-injectors that are available for purchase in this state.
(e) Pharmacy means a pharmacy outlet registered pursuant to this article 280 where prescriptions are compounded and dispensed.
(f) Program means the epinephrine auto-injector affordability program created in subsection (2) of this section.
(g) Proof of residency means a current and valid document that is in English, or is translated into English and is unaltered, and that includes the individual's, or in the case of a minor, the minor's parent's or guardian's, printed name and Colorado residential address. Documents that may be used for proof of residency are:
(I) A Colorado-issued driver's license or Colorado identification card;
(II) A printed bill, including a utility, telephone, internet, cable, insurance, mortgage, rent, waste disposal, water or sewer, medical, or other bill;
(III) A credit card or bank statement;
(IV) A pay stub or earnings statement;
(V) A piece of post-marked first-class mail or United States postal service change of address confirmation;
(VI) A printed rent receipt or residential lease;
(VII) A transcript or report card from an accredited school;
(VIII) A vehicle title or registration;
(IX) An insurance policy;
(X) A government-issued letter or state or federal government-issued check; or
(XI) A record of medical service from a shelter, treatment facility, or assisted living facility, including a homeless shelter, women's shelter, other nonprofit shelter, halfway house, nursing home, or rehabilitation facility.
(2) Effective January 1, 2024, the epinephrine auto-injector affordability program is created to provide low-cost epinephrine auto-injectors to eligible individuals. By January 1, 2024, each manufacturer shall establish procedures to and shall make epinephrine auto-injectors available in accordance with this section to eligible individuals who hold a valid prescription for epinephrine auto-injectors.
(3) To be eligible to receive epinephrine auto-injectors through the program, an individual must:
(a) Demonstrate proof of residency in Colorado;
(b) Not be eligible for assistance provided through the Colorado Medical Assistance Act, articles 4 to 6 of title 25.5, or the federal Health Insurance for the Aged Act, Title XVIII of the federal Social Security Act, 42 U.S.C. sec. 1395 et seq., as amended;
(c) Have a valid epinephrine auto-injector prescription; and
(d) Not be enrolled in prescription drug coverage that limits the total amount of cost sharing that the enrollee is required to pay for a covered prescription to not more than sixty dollars for a two-pack of epinephrine auto-injectors, regardless of the amount or type of epinephrine needed to fill the prescription.
(4) (a) The board shall develop an epinephrine auto-injector affordability program application form to be used by an individual who is seeking epinephrine auto-injectors through the program. All manufacturers subject to this section shall participate in the program. The application form must be available to individuals, pharmacies, health-care providers, and health facilities through the board's website and must be accessible through a quick response (QR) code or other machine-readable code. Within a reasonable period of time after the publication of the program website, all manufacturers required to participate in the program shall include a link to the program website on the manufacturer's consumer epinephrine auto-injector program website. At a minimum, the application form must:
(I) Provide information related to program eligibility and coverage in English, in Spanish, and in each language spoken by at least two and one-half percent of the population of any county in which such population speaks English less than very well, as defined by the United States bureau of the census American community survey or comparable census data, and speaks a shared minority language at home;
(II) Require the individual to attest that the individual meets the requirements of subsection (3) of this section; and
(III) Include the information required for a pharmacy to successfully submit, pursuant to subsection (8) of this section, an electronic claim for reimbursement that is made in accordance with the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs' standards for electronic claims processing for the cost to dispense the epinephrine auto-injectors, above any required cost sharing by the individual and adjudicated at the point of sale.
(b) The board shall supply pharmacies with information about the program to provide to individuals who are seeking access to the program. The information must contain a quick response (QR) code or other machine-readable code that an individual may use to access the program application and include information on how to submit a program application.
(5) To access epinephrine auto-injectors through the program, an individual must present, at a pharmacy, a completed, signed, and dated application form with proof of residency. If the individual is under eighteen years of age, the individual's parent or legal guardian may provide the pharmacist with proof of residency.
(6) (a) Upon receipt of an individual's proof of residency and completed, signed, and dated application form demonstrating that the individual is eligible pursuant to subsection (3) of this section, a pharmacist shall dispense the prescribed epinephrine auto-injectors. An individual who is eligible to receive epinephrine auto-injectors through the program may receive epinephrine auto-injectors as prescribed for twelve months.
(b) The pharmacist is encouraged to inform the individual:
(I) That the individual may be eligible for medical assistance programs pursuant to the Colorado Medical Assistance Act, articles 4 to 6 of title 25.5, or an affordable insurance product on the health benefit exchange created in section 10-22-104; and
(II) Of any manufacturer-sponsored programs that assist individuals who cannot afford their prescription epinephrine auto-injectors and provide the individual with the information described in subsection (4)(b) of this section about the program.
(c) The pharmacist shall retain a copy of the application form submitted by the individual for two years after the date the epinephrine auto-injector was initially dispensed.
(7) A pharmacy that dispenses epinephrine auto-injectors pursuant to subsection (6)(a) of this section may collect a copayment from the individual to cover the pharmacy's costs of processing and dispensing the epinephrine auto-injector, which copayment amount must not exceed sixty dollars for each two-pack of epinephrine auto-injectors that the pharmacy dispenses to the individual.
(8) (a) Except as provided in subsection (8)(c) of this section, unless the manufacturer agrees to send to the pharmacy a replacement supply of the same number of epinephrine auto-injectors dispensed through the program, the pharmacy may submit to the manufacturer of the dispensed epinephrine auto-injectors, directly or through the manufacturer's delegated representative, subcontractor, or other vendor, an electronic claim for payment that is made in accordance with the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs' standards for electronic claims processing.
(b) By January 1, 2024, each manufacturer shall develop a process for a pharmacy to submit an electronic claim for reimbursement, including an accessible online application for reimbursement claims from pharmacies under the program, as provided in subsection (8)(a) of this section.
(c) If the pharmacy submits an electronic claim to the manufacturer pursuant to subsection (8)(a) of this section, the manufacturer or the manufacturer's delegated representative, subcontractor, or other vendor shall, within thirty days after receipt of the claim, either:
(I) Reimburse the pharmacy in an amount that the pharmacy paid for the number of epinephrine auto-injectors dispensed through the program; or
(II) Send the pharmacy a replacement supply of epinephrine auto-injectors in an amount equal to the number of epinephrine auto-injectors dispensed through the program pursuant to subsection (6)(a) of this section.
(9) The board shall promote the availability of the program to Coloradans. The promotional material must include information about each manufacturer's consumer epinephrine auto-injector program, as applicable. The board may seek and accept gifts, grants, and donations to fulfill the requirements of this subsection (9).
(10) A manufacturer's reimbursement pursuant to subsection (8)(c) of this section is not a kickback.
(11) (a) A manufacturer that fails to comply with the requirements of this section:
(I) Is subject to a fine in an amount and frequency that is equal to the amount and frequency of the fine permitted under the Colorado Consumer Protection Act, part 1 of article 1 of title 6; and
(II) Engages in a deceptive trade practice under section 6-1-105 (1)(zzz).
(b) The attorney general is authorized to enforce this section.
Source: L. 2023: Entire section added, (HB 23-1002), ch. 447, p. 2631, � 3, effective August 7. L. 2024: (1)(b) repealed and (4), (6)(b)(II), (9), and (11) amended, (HB 24-1438), ch. 351, p. 2396, � 4, effective June 3.
Cross references: For the legislative declaration in HB 23-1002, see section 1 of chapter 447, Session Laws of Colorado 2023.