Title 15, Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries
0 chapters · 926 sections in this title.
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-809 Secured claims
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(1) Payment of a secured claim is upon the basis of the amount allowed if the creditor surrenders his security; otherwise payment is upon the basis of one of the following: (a) If the creditor exhausts his security before receiving payment, (unless precluded by other law) upon th…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-810 Claims not due and contingent or unliquidated claims
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(1) If a claim which will become due at a future time or a contingent or unliquidated claim becomes due or certain before the distribution of the estate, and if the claim has been allowed or established by a proceeding, it is paid in the same manner as presently due and absolute …
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-811 Counterclaims
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In allowing a claim the personal representative may deduct any counterclaim which the estate has against the claimant. In determining a claim against an estate a court shall reduce the amount allowed by the amount of any counterclaims and, if the counterclaims exceed the claim, r…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-812 Execution and levies prohibited
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No execution may issue upon nor may any levy be made against any property of the estate under any judgment against a decedent or a personal representative, but this section shall not be construed to prevent the enforcement of mortgages, pledges, or liens upon real or personal pro…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-813 Compromise of claims
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When a claim against the estate has been presented in any manner, the personal representative may, if it appears to be in the best interest of the estate, compromise the claim, whether due or not due, absolute or contingent, liquidated or unliquidated. Source: L. 73: R&RE, p. 159…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-814 Encumbered assets
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If any assets of the estate are encumbered by mortgage, pledge, lien, or other security interest, the personal representative may pay the encumbrance or any part thereof, renew or extend any obligation secured by the encumbrance, or convey or transfer the assets to the creditor i…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-816 Final distribution to domiciliary representative
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(1) The estate of a nonresident decedent being administered by a personal representative appointed in this state shall, if there is a personal representative of the decedent's domicile willing to receive it, be distributed to the domiciliary personal representative for the benefi…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-901 Successors' rights if no administration
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(1) (a) As used in this subsection (1), will probated in this state means a will that is declared to be valid by an order of informal probate by the registrar, or an adjudication of probate by the court. (b) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (c) of this subsection (1) and…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-902 Distribution - order in which assets appropriated - abatement
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(1) (a) Except as provided in subsection (2) of this section and except as provided in connection with the share of the surviving spouse who elects to take an elective share, shares of distributees abate, without any preference or priority as between real and personal property, i…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-903 Right of retainer
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Unless a contrary intent is indicated by the will, the amount of a noncontingent indebtedness of a successor to the estate if due, or its present value if not due, shall be offset against the successor's interest; but the successor has the benefit of any defense which would be av…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-904 Interest on general pecuniary devise
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General pecuniary devises bear interest at the legal rate beginning one year after the first appointment of a personal representative until payment, unless a contrary intent is indicated by the will. Source: L. 73: R&RE, p. 1598, � 1. C.R.S. 1963: � 153-3-904.
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-905 Penalty clause for contest
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A provision in a will purporting to penalize any interested person for contesting the will or instituting other proceedings relating to the estate is unenforceable if probable cause exists for instituting proceedings. Source: L. 73: R&RE, p. 1598, � 1. C.R.S. 1963: � 153-3-905.
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-906 Distribution in kind - valuation - method
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(1) A specific devisee is entitled to distribution of the thing devised to him. (2) (a) Any exempt property or family allowance or devise payable in money may be satisfied by value in kind, if: (I) The person entitled to the payment has requested distribution in kind; (II) The pr…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-907 Distribution in kind - evidence
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If distribution in kind is made, the personal representative shall execute an instrument or deed of distribution assigning, transferring, or releasing the assets to the distributee as evidence of the distributee's title to the property. Source: L. 73: R&RE, p. 1599, � 1. C.R.S. 1…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-908 Distribution - right or title of distributee
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Proof that a distributee has received an instrument or deed of distribution of assets in kind, or payment in distribution, from a personal representative is conclusive evidence that the distributee has succeeded to the interest of the estate in the distributed assets, as against …
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-909 Improper distribution - liability of distributee
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Unless the distribution or payment no longer can be questioned because of adjudication, estoppel, or limitation, a distributee of property improperly distributed or paid, or a claimant who was improperly paid, is liable for return of the property improperly received and its incom…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-910 Purchasers from distributees protected
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If property distributed in kind or a security interest therein is acquired for value by a purchaser from or lender to a distributee who has received an instrument or deed of distribution from the personal representative, or is so acquired by a purchaser from or lender to a transf…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-911 Partition for purpose of distribution
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When two or more heirs or devisees are entitled to distribution of undivided interests in any real or personal property of the estate, the personal representative or one or more of the heirs or devisees may petition the court, prior to the formal or informal closing of the estate…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-913 Distributions to trustee
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(1) Before distributing to a trustee, the personal representative may require that the trust be registered if the state in which it is to be administered provides for registration and that the trustee inform the beneficiaries as provided in section 15-5-206. (2) If the trust inst…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-914 Disposition of unclaimed assets
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(1) If any heirs or devisees of any intestate or testator are unknown, or if known and there is no person qualified to receive devises or distributive shares of such heirs or devisees at the time of making final settlement of the estate, or if such heirs or devisees refuse to rec…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-915 Distribution to person under disability
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(1) A personal representative or trustee may discharge his obligation to distribute to any person under legal disability: (a) By distributing to his conservator; or (b) By distributing to any person authorized by law to give a valid receipt and discharge for the distribution; or …
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-12-916 Apportionment of estate taxes
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(1) For purposes of this section: (a) Estate means the gross estate of a decedent as determined for the purpose of federal estate tax and the estate tax payable to this state. (b) Fiduciary means personal representative or trustee. (c) Person means any individual, partnership, as…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-13-101 Definitions
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As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires: (1) Local administration means administration by a personal representative appointed in this state pursuant to appointment proceedings described in article 12 of this title. (2) Local personal representative includes…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-13-201 Payment of debt and delivery of property to domiciliary foreign personal representative without local administration
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(1) At any time after the expiration of sixty days from the death of a nonresident decedent, any person indebted to the estate of the nonresident decedent or having possession or control of personal property, or of an instrument evidencing a debt, obligation, stock, or chose in a…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-13-202 Payment or delivery discharges
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Payment or delivery made in good faith on the basis of the proof of authority and affidavit releases the debtor or person having possession of the personal property to the same extent as if payment or delivery had been made to a local personal representative. Source: L. 73: R&RE,…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-13-203 Resident creditor notice
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Payment or delivery under section 15-13-201 may not be made if a resident creditor of the nonresident decedent has notified the debtor of the nonresident decedent or the person having possession of the personal property belonging to the nonresident decedent that the debt should n…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-13-204 Proof of authority
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If no local administration or application or petition therefor is pending in this state, a domiciliary foreign personal representative may file with a court in this state, in a county in which property belonging to the decedent is located, authenticated copies of the appointment …
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-13-205 Powers
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A domiciliary foreign personal representative who has complied with section 15-13-204 may exercise as to assets in this state all powers of a local personal representative and may maintain actions and proceedings in this state subject to any conditions imposed upon nonresident pa…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-13-206 Power of representatives in transition
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The power of a domiciliary foreign personal representative under section 15-13-201 or 15-13-205 shall be exercised only if there is no administration or application therefor pending in this state. An application or petition for local administration of the estate terminates the po…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-13-207 Ancillary and other local administrations - provisions governing
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(1) In respect to a nonresident decedent, the provisions of article 12 of this title govern: (a) Proceedings, if any, in a court of this state for probate of the will, appointment, removal, supervision, and discharge of the local personal representative, and any other order conce…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-13-301 Jurisdiction by act of foreign personal representative
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(1) A foreign personal representative submits personally to the jurisdiction of the courts of this state in any proceeding relating to the estate by: (a) Filing authenticated copies of his appointment as provided in section 15-13-204; (b) Receiving payment of money or taking deli…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-13-302 Jurisdiction by act of decedent
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In addition to jurisdiction conferred by section 15-13-301, a foreign personal representative is subject to the jurisdiction of the courts of this state to the same extent that his decedent was subject to jurisdiction immediately prior to death. Source: L. 73: R&RE, p. 1611, � 1.…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-13-303 Service on foreign personal representative
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(1) Service of process may be made upon the foreign personal representative by registered or certified mail, addressed to his last reasonably ascertainable address, requesting and receiving a return receipt signed by addressee only. Notice by ordinary first-class mail is sufficie…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-13-401 Effect of adjudication for or against personal representative
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An adjudication rendered in any jurisdiction in favor of or against any personal representative of the estate is as binding on the local personal representative as if he were a party to the adjudication. Source: L. 73: R&RE, p. 1611, � 1. C.R.S. 1963: � 153-4-401.
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-101 Short title
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Parts 1 to 4 of this article may be cited as the Colorado Uniform Guardianship and Protective Proceedings Act. Source: L. 2000: Entire part R&RE, p. 1778, � 1, effective January 1, 2001 (see � 15-17-103).
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-102 Definitions
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In parts 1 to 4 of this article 14: (1) Claim, with respect to a protected person, includes a claim against an individual, whether arising in contract, tort, or otherwise, and a claim against an estate which arises at or after the appointment of a conservator, including expenses …
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-103 (Reserved)
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C.R.S. 15-14-103Statutes current through Chapter 65 of the 2026 Regular Session, effective as of April 20, 2026. The text of this section is not final. It will not be final until compared to, and updated from, the text provided by the Colorado Office of Legislative Legal Services…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-104 Facility of transfer
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(1) Unless a person required to transfer money or personal property to a minor knows that a conservator has been appointed or that a proceeding for appointment of a conservator of the estate of the minor is pending, the person may do so, as to an amount or value not exceeding ten…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-105 Delegation of power by parent or guardian
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A parent or guardian of a minor or incapacitated person, by a power of attorney, may delegate to another person, for a period not exceeding twelve months, any power regarding care, custody, or property of the minor or ward, except the power to consent to marriage or adoption. Sou…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-106 Subject-matter jurisdiction
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(1) Except as provided in subsection (2) of this section, parts 1 to 4 of this article apply to, and the court has jurisdiction over, guardianship and related proceedings for individuals domiciled or present in this state, protective proceedings for individuals domiciled in or ha…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-107 Transfer of jurisdiction
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(1) After the appointment of a guardian or conservator or entry of another protective order, the court making the appointment or entering the order may transfer the proceeding to a court in another county in this state or to another state if the court is satisfied that a transfer…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-108 Venue
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(1) Venue for a guardianship proceeding for a minor is in the county of this state in which the minor resides or is present at the time the proceeding is commenced. (2) Venue for a guardianship proceeding for an incapacitated person is in the county of this state in which the res…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-109 Practice in court - consolidation of proceedings
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(1) Except as otherwise provided in parts 1 to 4 of this article, the rules of civil procedure and the Colorado rules of probate procedure, including the rules concerning appellate review, govern proceedings under parts 1 to 4 of this article. (2) If guardianship and protective p…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-110 Letters of office
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(1) A nominee for guardian, emergency guardian, conservator, or special conservator shall file an acceptance of office with the court. The acceptance of office shall be signed by the nominee and, except as otherwise provided in this section, shall include a statement by the nomin…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-111 Effect of acceptance of appointment
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By accepting appointment, a guardian or conservator submits personally to the jurisdiction of the court in any proceeding relating to the guardianship or conservatorship. Source: L. 2000: Entire part R&RE, p. 1782, � 1, effective January 1, 2001 (see � 15-17-103). 15-14-112. Term…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-112 Termination of or change in guardian ‘s or conservator ‘s appointment
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(1) The appointment of a guardian or conservator terminates upon the death, resignation, or removal of the guardian or conservator or upon termination of the guardianship or conservatorship. A resignation of a guardian or conservator is effective when approved by the court. A par…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-113 Notice
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(1) Except as otherwise ordered by the court for good cause, if notice of a hearing on a petition is required, other than a notice for which specific requirements are otherwise provided, the petitioner shall give notice of the time and place of the hearing to the person to be not…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-113.5 Appointments without notice - investigation - report - procedures
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(1) A visitor appointed pursuant to section 15-14-312 (5) or 15-14-412 (3)(b) must be a person who has such training as the court deems appropriate. (2) A visitor appointed pursuant to section 15-14-312 (5) or 15-14-412 (3)(b) shall interview the respondent in person and, to the …
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-114 Waiver of notice
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A person may waive notice by a writing signed by the person or the person's attorney and filed in the proceeding in accordance with Colorado rules of probate procedure. However, a respondent, ward, or protected person may not waive notice. Source: L. 2000: Entire part R&RE, p. 17…
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-14-115 Guardian ad litem
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At any stage of a proceeding, a court may appoint a guardian ad litem if the court determines that representation of the interest otherwise would be inadequate. If not precluded by a conflict of interest, a guardian ad litem may be appointed to represent several individuals or in…