In order for an equitable estoppel to arise, there shall generally be some intended deception in the conduct or declarations of the party to be estopped, or such gross negligence as to amount to constructive fraud, by which another has been misled to his or her injury. History. Code 1981, § 24-14-29, enacted by Ga. L. 2011, p. 99, § 2/HB 24. History of Section. Former Code Section 24-4-27, which contained comparable provisions to this Code section, as effective January 1, 2013, was derived from the decision in Wilkins v. McGhehee, 86 Ga. 764, 13 S.E. 84 (1891).