Title 18 — Business Structure and Function
60 chapters · 1,419 sections in this title.
18 GCA § 81101 When Burdens Transferable
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The burden of an obligation may be transferred with the consent of the party entitled to its benefit, but not otherwise, except as provided in § 81110 of this Chapter. SOURCE: CC § 1457.
18 GCA § 81102 Rights Transferable
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A right arising out of an obligation is the property of the person to whom it is due, and may be transferred as such. SOURCE: CC § 1458.
18 GCA § 81103 Nonnegotiable Instruments may be Transferred
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A nonnegotiable written contract for the payment of money or personal property may be transferred by endorsement, in like manner with negotiable instruments. Such endorsement shall transfer all the rights of the assignor under the instrument to the assignee, subject to all equiti…
18 GCA § 81104 Covenants Running with the Land
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Certain covenants, contained in grants of estates in real property, are appurtenant to such estates, and pass with them, so as to bind the assigns of COL120106 the covenantor and to vest in the assigns of the covenantee, in the same manner as if they had personally entered into t…
18 GCA § 81105 What Covenants Run with Land
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The only covenants which run with the land are those specified in this Chapter, and those which are incidental thereto. SOURCE: CC § 1461.
18 GCA § 81106 Covenants to Benefit Property
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Every covenant contained in a grant of an estate in real property, which is made for the direct benefit of the property, or some part of it then in existence, runs with the land. SOURCE: CC § 1462.
18 GCA § 81107 Covenants of Warranty Run with Land
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The last section includes covenants "of warranty," "for quiet enjoy- ment," or for further assurance on the part of a grantor, and covenants for the payment of rent, or of taxes or assessments upon the land, on the part of the grantee. SOURCE: CC § 1463.
18 GCA § 81108 Covenants with Land: Assigns Named
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A covenant for the addition of some new thing to real property, or for the direct benefit of some part of the property not then in existence or annexed thereto, when contained in a grant of an estate in such property, and made by the covenantor expressly for his assigns or to the…
18 GCA § 81109 Who are Bound by Covenants
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A covenant running with the land binds those only who acquire the whole estate of the covenantor in some part of the property. SOURCE: CC § 1465. COL120106
18 GCA § 81110 Who are not Bound
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No one, merely by reason of having acquired an estate subject to a covenant running with the land, is liable for a breach of the covenant before he acquired the estate, or after he has parted with it, or ceased to enjoy its benefits. SOURCE: CC § 1466.
18 GCA § 81111 Apportionment of Covenants
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When several persons, holding by several titles, are subject to the burden or entitled to the benefit of a covenant running with the land, it must be apportioned among them according to the value of the property subject to it held by them respectively, if such value can be ascert…
18 GCA § 81112 Transfer of Obligations: Land Covenants
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A covenant made by the owner of land with the owner of other land, to do or refrain from doing some act on his own land, which doing or refraining is expressed to be for the benefit of the land of the covenantee, and which is made by the covenantor expressly for his assigns or to…