Title 43, PROPERTY

No lease or grant of agricultural land for a longer period than twenty years, in which shall be reserved any rent or service of any kind, shall be valid. No lease or grant of any municipal lot for a longer period than ninety - nine years, in which shall be reserved any rent or se…

Whatever remedies the lessor of any real property has against his immediate lessee for the breach of any agreement in the lease or for recovery of the possession, he has against the assignees of the lessee for any cause of action accruing while they are such assignees, except whe…

Whatever remedies the lessee of any real property may have against his immediate lessor, for the breach of any agreement in the lease, he may have against the assigns of the lessor, and the assigns of the lessee may have against the lessor and his assigns, except upon covenants a…

A lease is terminated: (1) By the expiration of the agreed term; (2) By the mutual consent of the parties; (3) By the tenant acquiring a title to the leased premises superior to that of the landlord. Source: SDC 1939, § 38.0423.

In the case of farm tenants, occupying and cultivating agricultural land of forty acres or more, under an oral lease, the tenancy shall continue for the following crop year upon the same terms and conditions as the original lease unless written notice for termination is given by …

If a lease is terminable at the pleasure of one of the parties, it is terminated by notice to the other of such party's death or incapacity to contract. In other cases it is not terminated by such death or incapacity. Source: SDC 1939, § 38.0422.

Every lessor of residential premises shall, within twenty-one days after the termination of the tenancy and receipt of the tenant's mailing address or delivery instructions, return the security deposit described in § 43-32-6.1 to the tenant or furnish to the tenant a written stat…

For the purposes of this section, the term, commercial premises, means any real property for lease that does not consist of residential property, agricultural land, or any quantity of municipal lots. A lessor of commercial premises shall, within sixty days after the termination o…

The property of a lessee, the total reasonable value of which does not exceed five hundred dollars, left on leased residential premises by the lessee for ten days after the lessee has quit the premises, is presumed to have been abandoned by the tenant and the lessor of the reside…

The property of a lessee, of a total reasonable value exceeding five hundred dollars, left on leased residential premises by the lessee after the lessee has quit the premises, shall be stored by the lessor. The lessor shall have a lien on the property to the extent of the costs o…

A cause of action may arise in favor of a lessee and against a lessor of residential property, including a manufactured or mobile home community owner, for retaliation by the lessor against the lessee if the lessor increases rents above fair market value; if the lessor decreases …

If the lessor acts in violation of § 43-32-27 , the lessee is entitled to the remedies provided in § 43-32-6 . The court may award the lessee reasonable and customary attorney's fees. A lessee seeking attorney's fees shall provide the court with counsel's verified itemized statem…

All other rights or remedies of the lessor and the lessee pursuant to any other provision of the law are preserved, except as modified by §§ 43-32-27 and 43-32-28 . Source: SL 1994, ch 341 , § 3.

A hiring of real property, other than lodgings in places where there is no usage on the subject, is presumed to be for one year from its commencement unless otherwise expressed in the hiring. Source: CivC 1877, § 1116; CL 1887, § 3739; RCivC 1903, § 1435; RC 1919, § 1059; SDC 193…

In any hiring of a residential premises, any lessor who has actual knowledge of the existence of any prior manufacturing of methamphetamines on the premises shall disclose that information to any lessee or any person who may become a lessee. If the residential premises consists o…

Any person who leases real property to an owner of a mobile or manufactured home shall, if the property is developed for an alternate use, give no less than ninety days notice to vacate and remove the home from the real property. The provisions of this section do not apply if the…

Except in case of an emergency or if it is impracticable to do so, a landlord or landlord's agent shall give the tenant reasonable notice of the landlord's intent to enter and enter only at reasonable times. Twenty-four hours written notice is presumed to be a reasonable notice u…

For the purposes of §§ 43-32-34 to 43-32-36 , inclusive, the term, service animal, refers to any animal that serves a role for an individual with a disability as an emotional support animal, any therapy animal, or any assistance animal, and the term, disability, is a physical or …

A landlord may require reliable supporting documentation be provided by a tenant of a rental dwelling unit, if the tenant asserts a disability requiring under any provision of law that a service animal or assistance animal be allowed as an accommodation on the rented premises. A …

The supporting documentation shall confirm the tenant's disability and the relationship between the tenant's disability and the need for the requested accommodation. The documentation shall originate from a licensed health care provider who does not operate in this state solely t…

If a person is found to have knowingly made a false claim of having a disability that requires the use of a service animal or assistance animal or of knowingly providing fraudulent supporting documentation in connection with such a claim, a lessor may evict a lessee and the lesso…

A hotel, campground, or RV park establishment may eject a person from the establishment premises, without return of the person's rental payment, as per the establishment's cancellation policy, for any of the following reasons: (1) Nonpayment of the business's charges for accommod…

A hiring of lodgings for an unspecified term is presumed to have been made for such length of time as the parties adopt for the estimation of the rent. Thus a hiring at a weekly rate of rent is presumed to be for one week. In the absence of any agreement respecting the length of …

No agreement for the leasing of real property or an interest therein for a longer period than one year is valid unless the same, or some note or memorandum thereof, be in writing, signed by the lessor or his agent thereunto authorized in writing. Source: CivC 1877, § 993; CL 1887…

A lessor shall deliver the leased premises to the lessee and secure his quiet enjoyment thereof against all lawful claimants. If the lessor of residential property unlawfully removes or excludes the tenant from the premises or willfully diminishes services to the tenant by interr…

Any deposit of money, the function of which is to secure the performance of a residential rental agreement or any part of such an agreement, shall be deemed to be a security deposit. A lessor of residential premises may not demand or receive a security deposit, however denominate…

In every hiring of residential premises, whether in writing or parol, the lessor shall keep the premises and all common areas in reasonable repair and fit for human habitation and in good and safe working order during the term of the lease except when the disrepair has been cause…

If within a reasonable time after notice to the lessor of conditions requiring repair to make the premises fit for human habitation and to place the same in good and safe working order which the lessor ought to repair he neglects to do so, the lessee may repair the same himself a…

A thing is deemed to be affixed to land when it is attached to it by roots, as in the case of trees, vines, or shrubs; or imbedded in it, as in the case of walls; or permanently resting upon it, as in the case of buildings; or permanently attached to what is thus permanent, as by…

Except as provided by § 43-33-3 , when a person affixes his property to the land of another without an agreement permitting him to remove it, the thing affixed belongs to the owner of the land unless he chooses to require the former to remove it. Source: CivC 1877, § 583; CL 1887…

A tenant may remove from the demised premises any time during the continuance of his term, anything affixed thereto for purpose of trade, manufacture, ornament, or domestic use, if the removal can be effected without injury to the premises, unless the thing has, by the manner in …

The owner of a thing owns also all its products and accessions. Source: CivC 1877, § 209; CL 1887, § 2725; RCivC 1903, § 232; RC 1919, § 302; SDC 1939, § 51.0203.

One who wrongfully employs materials belonging to another is liable to him in damages, as well as under the foregoing provisions of this chapter. Source: CivC 1877, § 598; CL 1887, § 3221; RCivC 1903, § 914; RC 1919, § 516; SDC 1939, § 51.1207.

One who officiously, and without the consent of the real or apparent owner of a thing, takes it into his possession, for the purpose of rendering a service about it, must complete such service and use ordinary care, diligence, and reasonable skill about the same. He is not entitl…

When things belonging to different owners have been united so as to form a single thing and cannot be separated without injury, the whole belongs to the owner of the thing which forms the principal part, who must, however, reimburse the value of the residue to the other owner or …

For the purposes of § 43-34-2 , that part is to be deemed the principal to which the other has been united only for the use, ornament, or completion of the former, unless the latter is the more valuable and has been united without the knowledge of its owner, who may in the latter…

If neither part can be considered the principal within the rule prescribed by § 43-34-3 , the more valuable, or if the values are nearly equal, the more considerable in bulk, is to be deemed the principal part. Source: CivC 1877, § 592; CL 1887, § 3215; RCivC 1903, § 908; RC 1919…

When one has made use of materials which in part belong to him and in part to another, in order to form a thing of a new description without having destroyed any of the materials but in such a way that they cannot be separated without inconvenience, the thing formed is common to …

When a thing has been formed by the admixture of several materials of different owners and neither can be considered the principal substance, an owner, without whose consent the admixture was made, may require a separation, if the materials can be separated without inconvenience.…

If one makes a thing from materials belonging to another, the latter may claim the thing on reimbursing the value of the workmanship unless the value of the workmanship exceeds the value of the materials, in which case the thing belongs to the maker on reimbursing the value of th…

Sections 43-34-2 to 43-34-7 , inclusive, are not applicable to cases in which one willfully uses the materials of another without his consent; but, in such cases, the product belongs to the owner of the material, if its identity can be traced. Source: CivC 1877, § 596; CL 1887, §…

In all cases where one whose material has been used without his knowledge, in order to form a product of a different description, can claim an interest in such product, he has an option to demand either restitution of his material in kind, in the same quantity, weight, measure, a…

The transfer of title to personal property by sale or exchange is regulated by Titles 53 and 57A, except as otherwise specifically provided in this title. Source: SDC 1939, § 51.1501.

An interest in a ship, or in an existing trust, can be transferred only by operation of law, or by a written instrument, subscribed by the person making the transfer, or by his agent. Source: CivC 1877, § 634; CL 1887, § 3255; RCivC 1903, § 948; RC 1919, § 556; SDC 1939, § 51.150…

The title to personal property, sold or exchanged, passes to the buyer whenever the parties agree upon a present transfer, and the thing itself is identified, whether it is separated from other things or not, except as may be otherwise provided in chapter 57A-2 . Source: CivC 187…

Title is transferred by an executory agreement for the sale or exchange of personal property, only when the buyer has accepted the thing, or when the seller has completed it, prepared it for delivery, and offered it to the buyer, with intent to transfer the title thereto, in mann…