Facility

US Strategic Petroleum Reserve (TX/LA Salt Caverns)

The US Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) consists of four underground salt cavern storage sites: Bryan Mound TX, Big Hill TX, West Hackberry LA, and Bayou Choctaw LA. Together these hold ~350-400 million barrels of crude oil (2024 inventory, reduced from ~695 million barrel authorized capacity after 2022 releases). The SPR is the single largest government-owned crude oil stockpile in the world. The Biden administration released ~180 million barrels in 2022 in response to Russia-Ukraine war crude price spikes — the largest SPR drawdown in history. The SPR is not a commercial facility — it is emergency infrastructure — but it sits physically within the Gulf Coast refinery complex and can inject crude directly into the regional pipeline and terminal network. NOTE: facility listed under exxonmobil as placeholder company_id but is DOE-owned infrastructure; added for KG completeness. Source: https://www.energy.gov/ceser/strategic-petroleum-reserve