pharmaceutical · input

Crude Porcine Heparin Mucosa (Pharmaceutical Anticoagulant Feedstock)

Crude heparin is the mucosal lining of porcine (pig) small intestine, containing the heparin glycosaminoglycan chains that are subsequently purified into pharmaceutical-grade unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). Heparin is the most widely used anticoagulant in medicine — essential for dialysis, open-heart surgery, deep vein thrombosis treatment, and blood clot prevention during catheterization. Approximately 80% of global crude heparin comes from Chinese pig intestines processed by Chinese slaughterhouses. The 2008 Chinese heparin contamination crisis (oversulfated chondroitin sulfate adulteration, ~81 US deaths) revealed the extreme concentration risk. Key Western sources: Van Hessen (Netherlands/SARIA), Organon (Netherlands), and several Brazilian suppliers.

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Where it comes from

Source countries

Share of global supply, by country.

Who makes it

Supplier companies

4 companies produce crude porcine heparin mucosa (pharmaceutical anticoagulant feedstock).

Van Hessen (SARIA)

HQ NL12% share

Self-described 'leading global player in the harvesting, processing and distribution of natural casings, meat products and pharmaceutical products.' Part of SARIA's Food & Pharma division since 2017; SARIA is also parent of Devro (collagen casings) — making SARIA the parent of the world's largest natural casing company AND the world's largest collagen casing company simultaneously. Van Hessen operates gutrooms inside slaughterhouses globally, positioned 'close to the source.' Also extracts pharmaceutical raw materials (heparin, collagen) from the same intestines processed for casings. Recent acquisitions: full ownership of Westpol-Teeuwissen (Netherlands/Poland).

Rugao Qingfeng Casing Co., Ltd.

HQ CN10% share

One of China's major commercial-scale natural casing processors; located in Rugao, Jiangsu province. Rugao is historically one of China's leading natural casing processing centers — a concentration of casing businesses that has grown up around the hog slaughter industry in Jiangsu. Representative of the Chinese processing cluster that handles ~70% of global natural casing volume. Chinese processors import raw casings (pre-cleaned gut) from source countries, process and salt them, and export finished casings globally. COVID lockdowns 2020-2022 disrupted Rugao and similar Chinese casing processing hubs.

Scientific Protein Laboratories (SPL)

HQ US8% share

Primary US crude heparin processor; purifies Chinese and other crude porcine heparin into active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). SPL's Chinese supplier (Changzhou SPL, Jiangsu) was identified as the source of the contaminated crude heparin that caused ~81 deaths in 2008. Despite the crisis, SPL remains a major US heparin API processor -- there are very few alternatives at scale. SPL now operates under enhanced FDA oversight and Chinese facility inspection protocols.

Laboratorios Biopas (Brazil)

HQ BR4% share

Brazilian crude heparin collector and processor; one of the key non-Chinese crude heparin sources serving pharmaceutical buyers seeking supply diversification after 2008 contamination crisis. Brazil has the world's third-largest pig herd and established crude heparin collection infrastructure.