mineral · input
Legally protected geographic water sources (Evian: Cachat Spring, Haute-Savoie; Perrier: Vergèze, Gard; Poland Spring: Maine springs); spring water definition requires natural emergence from earth; sources cannot be relocated or substituted — each brand is permanently tied to its specific aquifer or spring
4
Source countries
3
Companies
1
Goods affected
0
Claims on record
What depends on it
1 essential American goods rely on spring & mineral water source rights somewhere upstream in their supply chain.
Where it comes from
Share of global supply, by country.
| Country | Share of supply |
|---|---|
| USUnited States | 35% |
| FRFrance | 15% |
| ITItaly | 12% |
| FJFiji | 3% |
Who makes it
3 companies produce spring & mineral water source rights.
Formed November 2024 from merger of BlueTriton Brands (formerly Nestlé Waters North America, sold for $4.3B in 2021) and Primo Water Corporation; owns Poland Spring, Arrowhead, Deer Park, Ice Mountain, Ozarka, Zephyrhills, Mountain Valley, Saratoga; $5.15B 2024 revenue; distributes to 150,000+ retail outlets
Nestlé Waters (Vevey Switzerland; retained premium international water brands after 2021 North American brand divestiture to BlueTriton) operates the world's most iconic premium mineral water brands: Perrier (Vergèze, Gard, France — source protected since 1888), S.Pellegrino (San Pellegrino Terme, Lombardy, Italy — source protected since 1395), and Acqua Panna (Scarperia, Tuscany, Italy — source protected since 1564). Each brand is legally tied to a specific geographic spring source and cannot be replicated elsewhere. Perrier's naturally carbonated source (the CO2 and water emerge separately at Vergèze and are recombined after filtration) is unique globally. S.Pellegrino's source at 1,000 meters altitude in the Italian Alps provides the mineral content that gives it distinctive taste. Nestlé retained these premium brands while selling North American value brands to BlueTriton, focusing the water portfolio on brands with irreplaceable geographic source rights.
Owns Evian (Haute-Savoie, France), Volvic (Puy-de-Dôme, France), Badoit, Font Vella, Aqua; Volvic extraction grew 8,500x from 1950 to 2020; French authorities ordered 20% mandatory extraction reduction; Danone facing lawsuit from trout farmer for drying up streams near Volvic
