manufactured · input
High-purity zirconia stabilized with yttria oxide; used as dental crown ceramic (CAD/CAM milling), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrolyte, and thermal barrier coating (TBC) for jet engine turbine blades. Principal supplier: Tosoh Corporation, Japan.
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Who makes it
7 companies produce yttria-stabilized zirconia (ysz — dental, fuel cell, tbc).
Japanese specialty chemicals and ceramics conglomerate founded 1935. Dominant global producer of high-purity yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) powder with an estimated 60% global share of zirconia powder and ~90% share of high-grade fiber-optic-quality zirconia. Core YSZ plants at Nanyo Complex (Shunan, Yamaguchi) and Yokkaichi Complex (Mie). Products span dental CAD/CAM milling discs, SOFC electrolytes, fiber-optic ferrules, and TBC feedstock powder.
Major Japanese chemical company with one of the world's largest battery-grade EMD capacities. Produces EMD at its Hyuga plant in Japan and through subsidiary Tosoh Hellas in Greece (~40% of group's EMD output). Expanded Japan EMD capacity in June 2023.
Swiss-headquartered surface solutions division of OC Oerlikon, with major U.S. materials manufacturing in Westbury, New York. Leading commercial supplier of 7–8 wt% YSZ thermal spray powder for aerospace thermal barrier coatings (TBC). Powders are engine-manufacturer-certified and applied both by OEM shops and MRO facilities worldwide. The Westbury facility is the primary production point for plasma-densified YSZ TBC feedstock powder used on turbine hot-section components.
Japanese specialty zirconium chemicals company founded 1956, headquartered in Osaka. Self-described as the "leading maker of zirconium compounds." Produces YSZ powder for ceramics, catalysts, optics, and electronics. Operates through subsidiaries including Vietnam Rare Elements Chemical JV and Shandong Guangyin DKK New Materials (China). Strong presence in automotive catalysis and fine ceramics markets alongside Tosoh.
Division of Saint-Gobain (France) specializing in zirconium oxide powders, grinding beads, and blasting media. Manufactures YSZ powders via chemical process for dental, refractory, TBC, and advanced ceramics markets. Production site at Handan, Hebei Province, China and operations in Europe. Supplies both 3 mol% YSZ (dental/structural) and 8 mol% YSZ (TBC applications).
U.S.-based advanced materials division of Linde plc, formerly Praxair Surface Technologies. Manufacturer of ceramic thermal spray powders including YSZ for TBC aerospace applications. Rebranded after the 2018 Praxair-Linde merger. Competes with Oerlikon Metco for TBC powder supply to jet engine OEMs (GE Aerospace, Pratt & Whitney, Rolls-Royce). Operates more than 35 sites in 12 countries.
Austrian specialty chemicals and rare earth company founded 1898 in Althofen, Carinthia by Carl Auer von Welsbach. Produces yttria-stabilized zirconia under the AuerDent® (dental blanks) and AuerTec® (technical ceramics) brands. Key European source of ready-to-press YSZ granules. All production, R&D, and headquarters co-located in Althofen, making it a geographically concentrated but Europe-local alternative to Japanese suppliers.
